Chapter 1. Introduction and overview
- 1.1. The growing solid waste disposal problem
- 1.2. The trends towards WTE
- 1.3. Climate change and WTE
Chapter 2. Project implementation concepts
- 2.1. Introduction
- 2.2. Developing the project team
- 2.3. Risk assessment
- 2.4. Implementation process
- 2.5. Implementation project scheduling
- 2.6. Implementation project costs
- 2.7. Public information programs
Chapter 3. WTE technology
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Basic combustion system
- 3.3. Stages of combustion
- 3.4. Mass-burning
- 3.5. Modular combustion
- 3.6. Refuse derived fuel (RDF) systems
- 3.7. Fluidized bed systems
- 3.8. Emerging waste conversion technologies
- 3.9. Summary
Chapter 4. Solid waste composition and quantities
- 4.1. Introduction
- 4.2. Types of solid waste
- 4.3. Solid waste quantities
- 4.4. Waste composition methodology
- 4.5. Waste sorting
Chapter 5. Waste flow control
- 5.1. Introduction
- 5.2. Flow control mechanisms
Chapter 6. Selecting the facility site
- 6.1. Introduction
- 6.2. The site selection process
- 6.3. Site screening process
- 6.4. Use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology in siting
Chapter 7. Energy and materials markets
- 7.1. Introduction
- 7.2. Energy markets
- 7.3. Materials markets
- 7.4. Projected energy production from a proposed WTE facility
Chapter 8. Permitting issues
- 8.1. Introduction
- 8.2. US solid waste combustor air emissions
- 8.3. International air emission regulations
- 8.4. Solid waste combustor ash management
Chapter 9. Procurement of WTE systems
- 9.1. Introduction
- 9.2. Procurement approaches
- 9.3. Procedures for conducting the procurement process
- 9.4. Preparing the request-for-proposals
- 9.5. Proposal evaluation
- 9.6. Negotiations process
Chapter 10. Ownership and financing of WTE facilities
- 10.1. Introduction
- 10.2. Ownership alternatives
- 10.3. Prerequisite to financing
- 10.4. Financing options
- 10.5. Private equity
- 10.6. Costs and facility operation
- 10.7. Initial capital equipment
- 10.8. Operating costs
- 10.9. Estimated annual debt service and annual operating costs
- 10.10. Equipment life and replacement
- 10.11. Zero tip fee for a developing nation
Chapter 11. O&M of WTE facilities
- 11.1. Introduction
- 11.2. Key aspects of the O&M approach for WTE facilities
Appendix A. WTE Case Studies