Waste Minimization and Cost Reduction for the Process Industries

1. Waste Reduction Background Objectives Prevention and Control International Dimensions Waste Reduction Methods Broad Approaches to Waste Reduction Waste Reduction Examples Waste Reduction Decisions Technology and Information How Much Waste Reduction Waste Reduction Data Information Needs Waste Reduction Information Measure Waste Reduction Hazardous Waste Reduction International Perspective2. Auditing Environmental Factors and Audit Summary Checklist Overview3. Waste Minimization Data/Information Requirements Getting Started List Process Steps and Identify Wasteful Streams Analyzing Process Steps - Preparing Process Flow Charts Material and Energy Balances Technical Feasibility Environmental Aspects Implementation Solutions Monitor and Evaluate Results Audit Studies Identification Required of Water Pollution Sources for Waste Reduction/Minimization Potentials4. Estimating Releases to the Environment Data to be Determined Sources of Wastes/Releases Overview of Analysis Definitions of Major Approaches Observations on the Use of Data Approach to Use Estimating Releases to Air Sources of Release to Air and Release Estimation Methods Estimating Releases in Wastewater Sources of Wastewater and Methods for its Disposal Sources and Disposal Methods for Solid, Slurry and Nonaqueous Liquid Wastes Methods for Calculating Releases in Solid, Slurry and Nonaqueous Liquid Wastes5. Waste Questionnaires - Water Control Checklist Model Questionnaires Environmentallly Safe Layout for Manufacturing Units Guidelines to Minimize Material Losses and Wastes6. Analysis of Process Chemistry Example Processes Acetic Adic by Methanol Carbonylation Acetalaldehyde by Liquid-Phae Ethylene Oxidation Process Descriptions for Oxidizing Ethylene to Acetalaldehyde Process Chemistry7. Industry Profile - Fertilizers Introduction Manufacturing Processes Generation of Impurities and Pollutants Pollutant Parameters - Effects Abatement of Pollution8. Treatment of Effluent Fertilizer Industry Example Nitrogenous Pollutants Ammoniacal Nitrogen Organic Nitrogen Oxidized Nitrogen Other Constituents Recovery, Reuse and Recycle in the Process Housekeeping Separation Technologies for Removal of Organic and Pesticidal Chemicals from WastewaterIndex