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Vitamin D Hormone
1st Edition - January 30, 2016
Editor: Gerald Litwack
Hardback ISBN:9780128048245
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 4 8 2 4 - 5
eBook ISBN:9780128052402
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 5 2 4 0 - 2
First published in 1943, Vitamins and Hormones is the longest-running serial published by Academic Press. The Series provides up-to-date information on vitamin and hormone… Read more
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First published in 1943, Vitamins and Hormones is the longest-running serial published by Academic Press.
The Series provides up-to-date information on vitamin and hormone research spanning data from molecular biology to the clinic. A volume can focus on a single molecule or on a disease that is related to vitamins or hormones. A hormone is interpreted broadly so that related substances, such as transmitters, cytokines, growth factors and others can be reviewed.
This volume focuses on vitamin D hormone.
Expertise of the contributors
Coverage of a vast array of subjects
In depth current information at the molecular to the clinical levels
Researchers, faculty, and graduate students interested in cutting-edge reviews concerning the molecular and cellular biology of vitamins, hormones, and related factors and co-factors. Libraries and laboratories at institutes with strong programs in cell biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, gene regulation, hormone control, and signal transduction are likely to be interested.
Former Editors
Preface
Chapter One: Vitamin D: Historical Overview
Abstract
1 The Discovery of Vitamin D
2 The Discovery of the Physiological Functions of Vitamin D
3 The Discovery of the Hormonal Form of Vitamin D
4 The Isolation of the Final Active Form of Vitamin D
5 Discovery of the Vitamin D Endocrine System (Fig. 5)
6 Other Metabolism of Vitamin D
7 Discovery of the Vitamin D Receptor
Chapter Two: Genomic Determinants of Vitamin D-Regulated Gene Expression
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals New Concepts in Vitamin D Action
3 Novel Principles of Vitamin D Action
4 The Influence of Cellular Differentiation on Vitamin D Activity
5 VDR Modulates Histone Acetylation at Target Genes
6 Summary
Acknowledgments
Chapter Three: Inhibitors for the Vitamin D Receptor–Coregulator Interaction
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Peptide-Based Inhibitors of the VDR–Coregulator Interaction
3 Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the VDR–Coregulator Interaction
4 VDR Antagonists or Allosteric Inhibition of the VDR–Coregulators Interaction
5 Conclusion and Future Directions
Acknowledgments
Chapter Four: Structural Studies of Vitamin D Nuclear Receptor Ligand-Binding Properties
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Crystal Structures of VDR LBD in Complex with 1,25(OH)2D3
3 Secosteroidal Derivatives of 1,25(OH)2D3
4 Synthetic Mimics of 1,25(OH)2D3
5 Crystal Structures of VDR LBD with Lithocholic Acid
6 Crystal Structures of HVDRR-Associated VDR Mutants
7 Dynamic Process of Ligand Binding
8 Conclusion and Perspectives
Acknowledgments
Chapter Five: Crystal Structure of the Vitamin D Receptor Ligand-Binding Domain with Lithocholic Acids
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Lithocholic Acids
3 Structures of the VDR LBD with LCAs
4 Mechanism of Agonist Activities of LCA to VDR
5 Conclusions and Future Directions
Chapter Six: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase: A Key Regulator of 1,25(OH)2D3 Catabolism and Calcium Homeostasis
Abstract
1 Introduction and Catalytic Properties
2 CYP24A1 Gene and Crystal Structure of CYP24A1
3 Cyp24a1-Null Mice
4 Genetic Defect in CYP24A1: A Cause of Idiopathic Infantile Hypercalcemia
5 Regulation of CYP24A1
6 Aging and CYP24A1
7 Placental CYP24A1
8 Genomic Mechanisms Mediating 1,25(OH)2D3 Regulation of CYP24A1
9 Conclusion and Future Directions
Acknowledgment
Chapter Seven: Analogs of 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 in Clinical Use
Abstract
1 Discovery of the Vitamin D Endocrine System
2 Vitamin D Metabolites
3 Precursors to 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3
4 Analogs of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3
5 Functions of Vitamin D Beyond Bone, Parathyroid, Calcium, and Phosphorus
Chapter Eight: 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D and Klotho: A Tale of Two Renal Hormones Coming of Age
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D
3 Klotho
4 Conclusion and Future Directions
Acknowledgments
Chapter Nine: Hedgehog and Vitamin D Signaling Pathways in Development and Disease
Abstract
1 The Hedgehog Signaling Pathway
2 Vitamin D Metabolism and Regulation
3 Vitamin D/Hh Pathway Regulation in the Skin
4 Inhibition of Hh Signaling by Vitamin D-Based Small Molecules
5 Discussion and Conclusions
Chapter Ten: Molecular Approaches for Optimizing Vitamin D Supplementation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 A View from Evolution
3 Vitamin D and the Epigenome
4 Molecular Insight from Vitamin D Intervention Trials
5 Consequences for Vitamin D Supplementation
6 Conclusion and Future Directions
Acknowledgments
Chapter Eleven: The Role of Vitamin D3 in the Development and Neuroprotection of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Biosynthesis and Metabolism of Vitamin D3
3 Vitamin D3 and Health
4 Vitamin D3 in the Central Nervous System
5 Vitamin D and Neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease
6 Future Developments and Applications to Parkinson's Disease
Chapter Twelve: Vitamin D and Cardiac Differentiation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Calcitriol and CVD
3 Calcitriol Is Critical in the Modulation and Maintenance of Heart Cell Structure and Function
4 Noncanonical Wnt11 Signaling and Cardiogenesis
5 1,25-Vitamin D3 Promotes Cardiac Differentiation Through Modulation of the Wnt Signaling Pathway
6 Regulation of Cardiac Function Through Inhibition of Wnt Signaling Pathway
7 Conclusion and Future Directions
Chapter Thirteen: Vitamin D in Prostate Cancer
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Vitamin D Metabolism: Synthesis, Degradation, Relevance to Prostate Cancer
4 Inhibition of Prostate Cancer by Vitamin D: Insights from Cell Culture and Preclinical Studies, and Clinical Trials
5 Functional Interplay of AR and VDR in Prostate Cancer: Impact on Cell Growth and Intracrine Androgen Biosynthesis
6 Summary and Future Possibilities
Acknowledgments
Chapter Fourteen: Metabolism and Action of 25-Hydroxy-19-nor-Vitamin D3 in Human Prostate Cells
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 The Chemistry and Synthetic Schemes for 25-Hydroxy-19-nor-Vitamin D3
3 19-nor-Vitamin D3 Analogs as Therapeutic Agent for Human Prostate Cancer
4 The Biological Activities of 25-Hydroxy-19-nor-Vitamin D3
5 The Metabolism of 25-Hydroxy-19-nor-Vitamin D3 in Prostate Cells
6 Novel Mechanism of Action of 25-Hydroxy-19-nor-Vitamin D3
7 Conclusions and Future Directions
Chapter Fifteen: Vitamin D Analogs with Nitrogen Atom at C2 Substitution and Effect on Bone Formation
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Synthesis of New VDR Ligands: (Heteroaryl)ethyl Group at C2α
3 Synthesis of New VDR Ligands: Cyanoalkyl or Cyanoalkoxy Group at C2α and C2β
4 Biological Activity of New VDR Ligands
5 New Ligands Bound to hVDR: X-Ray Cocrystallographic Analyses
6 Summary
Acknowledgments
Chapter Sixteen: Mechanistic Insights of Vitamin D Anticancer Effects
Abstract
1 Overview of Vitamin D Anticancer Effects
2 Epidemiological Studies
3 Experimental Studies
4 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Chapter Seventeen: Vitamin D Signaling Modulators in Cancer Therapy
Abstract
1 Introduction
2 Vitamin D Receptor and 1,25D3 Signaling
3 Glucocorticoid, 1,25D3-Mediated Antitumor Effect and Hypercalcemia
4 GR and VDR Signaling
5 Regulation of CYP24A1 Expression
6 CYP24A1 Expression in Cancer
7 CYP24A1 Inhibitors
8 Vitamin D Analogs
9 Conclusions
Index
No. of pages: 502
Language: English
Published: January 30, 2016
Imprint: Academic Press
Hardback ISBN: 9780128048245
eBook ISBN: 9780128052402
GL
Gerald Litwack
Dr. Litwack has authored 3 textbooks on biochemistry and hormones (one with John Wiley & Sons and 2 with Academic Press/Elsevier) and he has edited more than 70 volumes in the Vitamins & Hormones series (Academic Press/Elsevier); he has edited 14 volumes entitled Biochemical Actions of Hormones (Academica Press); He has edited (with David Kritchevsky) Actions of Hormones on Molecular Processes (Academic Press)
Affiliations and expertise
Emeritus Founding Chair and Professor, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, United States
Emeritus Professor, Rutgers University, United States