Viruses
From Understanding to Investigation
- 2nd Edition - September 23, 2022
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Author: Susan Payne
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 0 3 8 5 - 1
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 8 4 7 6 - 8
Viruses: From Understanding to Investigation, Second Edition presents the definitions and unique characteristics of viruses. The book includes major topics such as virus lifecycle… Read more
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Request a sales quoteViruses: From Understanding to Investigation, Second Edition presents the definitions and unique characteristics of viruses. The book includes major topics such as virus lifecycle, structure, taxonomy, evolution, history, host-virus interactions, and methods to study. In addition, the book assesses the connections between the aforementioned topics and provides an integrated approach and in-depth understanding of how viruses work. The new edition also provides an expanded methods chapter containing new information on deep sequencing for in virus identification, mathematical formulas to calculate titers and a description of quantitiative PCR for enumerating viruses. The vaccine chapter has been updated to include vaccine efficacy, mRNA vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development. The viral pathogenesis chapter has been expanded to include mechanisms of virally induced cancers. Viral taxonomy sections have been updated and chapters revised to accommodate new virus family designations. New chapters include nucleocytoplasmic viruses (very large DNA viruses), replication of viroids and COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2.
- Employs a comparative strategy to emphasize unique structural and molecular characteristics that inform transmission, disease processes, vaccine strategies, and host responses
- Presents a review of host cell, molecular biology, and the immune system
- Features topical areas of research, including genomics in virus discovery, the virome, and beneficial interactions between viruses and their hosts
- Includes text boxes throughout with experimental approaches used by virologists
- Covers learning objectives in each chapter
Advanced undergraduate, graduate students, and professors in virology, molecular biology and microbiology
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- About the author
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- 1. Introduction to animal viruses
- Abstract
- Outline
- What is a virus?
- Diversity in the world of viruses
- Are viruses alive?
- Basic steps in the virus replication-cycle
- Propagating viruses
- Categorizing viruses (taxonomy)
- Outcomes of viral infection
- Introduction to viral pathogenesis
- Introduction to viral transmission
- References
- 2. Virus structure
- Abstract
- Outline
- Anatomy of a virus
- Capsid structure and function
- Capsids are built using many copies of one or a few types of protein
- Simple icosahedral capsids
- Larger icosahedral capsids
- Viral envelopes
- Other membrane proteins
- Matrix proteins
- Nucleocapsid structure
- References
- 3. Virus interactions with the cell
- Abstract
- Outline
- Virion attachment
- Virus penetration and uncoating
- Movement through the cell, interactions with the cytoskeleton
- Amplification of viral proteins and nucleic acids in the context of the infected cell
- The endgame: virus assembly, release, and maturation
- 4. Methods to study viruses
- Abstract
- Outline
- Growing viruses
- Generating cell cultures
- Purifying viruses
- Visualizing viruses
- Counting viruses
- Chemical/physical methods of virus quantitation
- Basic principles of diagnostic virology
- Deep sequencing for virus discovery and characterization
- References
- 5. Virus transmission and epidemiology
- Abstract
- Outline
- Modes of transmission
- Describing viral infection and disease
- 6. Immunity and resistance to viruses
- Abstract
- Outline
- What is immunity?
- Innate immunity
- Pattern recognition receptors
- Adapter proteins: next level players in innate immunity
- Interferons
- Interferon-stimulated genes and the antiviral state
- Intrinsic immunity
- Autophagy
- Natural killer cell responses to viral infection
- Specific immunity
- Viruses fight back
- 7. Viral vaccines
- Abstract
- Outline
- Vaccines provide a source of antigen
- Antigen recognition
- Classical versus engineered vaccines
- Replicating versus inactivated vaccines
- Viral vaccines that contain infectious agents
- Killed, inactivated, and subunit vaccines
- Correlates of protection
- Vaccine development and assessment of efficacy
- A final word about safety
- References
- 8. Antiviral agents
- Abstract
- Outline
- Inhibitors of attachment, entry, or uncoating
- Inhibitors of viral nucleic acid synthesis
- Protease inhibitors
- Neuraminidase inhibitors
- Interferons
- The future of antivirals
- 9. Virus evolution and genetics
- Abstract
- Outline
- Virus evolution
- Measuring virus evolution
- Point mutation
- Recombination
- Reassortment
- Genotypes and phenotypes
- Essential and nonessential genes
- Coevolution of virus and host
- Genetic manipulation of viruses
- 10. Viral pathogenesis
- Abstract
- Outline
- Natural barriers to infection
- Primary replication
- Movement to secondary replication sites
- Genesis of disease
- Immunopathogenesis
- Virulence
- Approaches to study viral pathogenesis
- Virally induced cancers
- 11. Introduction to RNA viruses
- Abstract
- Outline
- Definition and basic properties of RNA viruses
- Positive-strand RNA viruses
- Negative-sense RNA, ambisense, and double-stranded RNA viruses
- Hepatitis delta virus uses host DNA-dependent RNA polymerase for replication
- Structural features of RNA virus genomes
- Priming viral RNA synthesis
- Mechanisms to generate capped mRNAs
- Mechanisms to generate polyadenylated mRNAs
- Mechanisms to regulate synthesis of genomes and transcripts
- RNA viruses and quasispecies
- References
- 12. Family Picornaviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion structure
- Picornavirus replication (poliovirus model)
- Diseases caused by picornaviruses
- 13. Family Caliciviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion structure
- General replication cycle
- Diseases
- 14. Family Hepeviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion morphology
- General replication cycle of HEV
- Disease
- References
- 15. Family Astroviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion morphology
- General replication strategy
- Diseases caused by astroviruses
- 16. Family Flaviviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome structure/organization
- Virion structure
- General overview of replication
- Protein products
- Diseases
- References
- 17. Families Togaviridae and Matonaviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Family Togaviridae
- Genome structure
- Virion structure
- Togavirus replication
- Transmission
- Togaviruses associated with rash and arthritis
- Alphaviruses of veterinary importance
- Family Matonaviridae
- Reference
- 18. Family Coronaviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Coronavirus genome organization
- Virion structure
- Coronavirus structural proteins
- Coronavirus replication cycle
- Diseases caused by coronaviruses
- Reference
- 19. SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion and structural proteins
- Nonstructural and accessory proteins
- Overview of replication
- Origins and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2
- Vaccines
- Treatments
- Viral variation
- Reference
- 20. Family Arteriviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion structure
- Replication cycle
- Diseases caused by arteriviruses
- References
- 21. Family Rhabdoviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virus structure
- Overview of replication
- Diseases
- 22. Family Paramyxoviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome structure/organization
- Virion structure
- Overview of replication
- Genome replication
- Assembly, release, and maturation
- Diseases
- 23. Family Pneumoviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion structure
- Overview of replication
- Diseases
- 24. Family Filoviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion structure
- Overview of replication
- Disease
- 25. Family Bornaviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion structure
- Overview of replication
- Diseases
- 26. Family Orthomyxoviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome structure/organization
- Virion structure
- Classification and nomenclature of orthomyxoviruses
- Influenza virus A proteins
- Overview of replication
- Antigenic drift and antigenic shift
- Disease
- Antiviral drugs
- Vaccines
- Reference
- 27. Family Hantaviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Virion structure
- Genome organization
- General replication strategy
- Diseases
- References
- 28. Order Bunyavirales: Families Peribunyaviridae, Phenuiviridae, and Nairoviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion structure
- General replication strategy
- Diseases
- References
- 29. Family Arenaviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion structure
- Overview of replication
- Diseases caused by arenaviruses
- 30. Family Reoviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virus structure
- Overview of replication
- Diseases
- 31. Family Birnaviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome structure
- Virion structure
- General replication cycle
- Disease
- References
- 32. Hepatitis delta virus
- Abstract
- Outline
- Virion Structure
- Genome organization
- Hepatitis delta antigens
- General replication cycle
- Disease
- 33. Introduction to DNA viruses
- Abstract
- Outline
- Taxonomy of DNA viruses
- Viral DNA replication
- DNA viruses and cell cycle
- Oncogenesis
- 34. Family Parvoviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion structure
- Overview of replication
- Diseases
- 35. Other small DNA viruses
- Abstract
- Outline
- Family Circoviridae
- Diseases
- Family Anelloviridae
- References
- 36. Family Polyomaviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome structure
- Virion structure
- Tumor antigens
- Replication
- Transformation
- Human polyomavirus and disease
- 37. Family Papillomaviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome structure
- Virion structure
- Replication cycle
- Disease
- Animal papillomaviruses
- Reference
- 38. Family Adenoviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion structure
- Adenovirus replication cycle
- Adenoviruses and human disease
- Adenoviruses and transformation
- Oncolytic adenoviruses
- Adenoviral vectors
- 39. Family Herpesviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virus structure
- Replication cycle
- Latency
- Diseases caused by human herpesviruses
- Antiherpesviral drugs
- References
- 40. Family Poxviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion structure
- Replication
- Diseases
- References
- 41. Other large DNA viruses
- Abstract
- Outline
- Family Asfarviridae
- Family Iridoviridae
- The giant viruses of acanthameoba
- References
- 42. Family Retroviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Virion structure
- Genome organization
- Overview of the retroviral replication cycle
- The process of reverse transcription
- Integration
- Transcription of retroviral mRNA
- Structural proteins
- Assembly, release, and maturation
- Unique aspects of spumaretrovirus replication
- Mechanisms of retroviral oncogenesis
- References
- 43. Replication and pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus
- Abstract
- Outline
- History of HIV and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
- HIV is a lentivirus
- HIV Structural proteins
- TAT
- REV
- Other HIV-1 proteins
- Summary of HIV replication
- Overview of HIV pathogenesis
- HIV transmission
- Disease course
- Antiretroviral drugs
- Vaccines
- 44. Family Hepadnaviridae
- Abstract
- Outline
- Genome organization
- Virion structure
- Replication cycle
- Hepatitis B virus and disease
- Index
- Edition: 2
- Published: September 23, 2022
- Imprint: Academic Press
- No. of pages: 438
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9780323903851
- eBook ISBN: 9780323984768
SP
Susan Payne
Susan Payne is an associate professor emeritus at Texas A&M University. Her primary research interests were molecular aspects of viral replication, pathogenesis and evolution. For many years her research focused on equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), an equine retrovirus. She published extensively on genetic and antigenic variation and the molecular basis of EIAV pathogenesis. She also studied avian bornaviruses, negative strand RNA viruses that are the etiological agents of proventricular dilatation disease of parrots. Her long teaching career included courses for undergraduate and graduate students as well as participation in courses for medical and veterinary students. She was a member of the Bornavirus Study Group of the International Committee for Taxonomy of Viruses from 2014-2019.
Affiliations and expertise
Associate Professor, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, USARead Viruses on ScienceDirect