Variable Generation, Flexible Demand

1st Edition - November 15, 2020
Imprint: Academic Press
Editor: Fereidoon Sioshansi
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 3 8 1 0 - 3
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 4 1 9 1 - 2

Variable Generation, Flexible Demand looks at a future in which power system researchers, operators and analysts need to predict variable renewable generation and schedule… Read more

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Variable Generation, Flexible Demand looks at a future in which power system researchers, operators and analysts need to predict variable renewable generation and schedule demand to match it. Contributors survey the significant expansion in the role of flexible demand in balancing supply and demand in conjunction with flexible generation in ‘peaking plants’ and energy storage as the proportion of variable renewable generation rises in many systems across the world. Supported with case studies, the book examines practical ways that demand flexibility can play a constructive role as more systems move towards higher levels of renewable generation in their electricity mix.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Author biographies
Foreword
Preface
Introduction
Part 1. Variable renewable generation
Chapter 1. The evolution of California’s variable renewable generation
1. Introduction
2. The genesis of the “California duck curve”
3. The challenges associated with the duck curve
4. Future role of flexible demand
5. Conclusions
Chapter 2. Variability of generation in ERCOT and the role of flexible demand
1. Introduction
2. Background on renewables, variability and intermittency, storage, and demand response
3. The ERCOT market
4. Fuel endowments and temporal fuel endowments
5. Flexible demand to facilitate deep decarbonization
6. Conclusion
Chapter 3. Rising variability of generation in Italy: The grid operator’s perspective
1. Introduction
2. Regulatory framework for the energy transition: European environmental targets
3. The Italian electricity system: historical trends and dynamics
4. Where is the Italian system heading?
5. RES penetration and TSO’s countermeasures for tackling the transition
6. Conclusions
Chapter 4. Integrating the rising variable renewable generation: A Spanish perspective
1. Introduction
2. The Spanish energy and climate targets
3. Deep decarbonization and storage
4. Deep decarbonization and demand-side flexibility
5. Deep decarbonization and sector coupling
6. Deep decarbonization and regulation
7. Conclusions
Part 2. Flexible demand
Chapter 5. What is flexible demand; what demand is flexible?
1. Introduction
2. The legacy of taking customer demand as a “given”
3. Overcoming three big myths
4. What is flexible demand; what demand is flexible?
5. How big is flexible demand and how can it be delivered?
6. Conclusions
Chapter 6. Who are the customers with flexible demand, and how to find them?
1. Introduction
2. A taxonomy of flexibility services
3. Do customers with flexible demand exist?
4. Transaction costs: where art thou?
5. Conclusion and policy implications
Chapter 7. How can flexible demand be aggregated and delivered?
1. Introduction
2. Enel X
3. Voltalis
4. OhmConnect
5. Other means of aggregating demand flexibility
6. Conclusions
Chapter 8. Electric vehicles: The ultimate flexible demand
1. Introduction
2. Why has it taken so long?
3. Vehicle-grid integration
4. Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and more advanced schemes
5. Conclusions
Chapter 9. Load flexibility: Market potential and opportunities in the United States
1. Introduction
2. Quantifying load flexibility potential
3. The potential for load flexibility in the United States
4. Conclusions
Chapter 10. Demand response in the US wholesale markets: Recent trends, new models, and forecasts
1. Introduction
2. Aggregate data on demand response
3. Demand response in the US wholesale markets
4. Energy markets and ramping reserves
5. Ancillary services
6. Resource adequacy requirements and capacity markets
7. DR for T&D deferral and multiple uses
8. Emergence of DER models which can utilize responsive load
9. Other considerations for DR wholesale market participation
10. DR forecasting for planning functions
11. Note on data sources
12. Conclusions
Chapter 11. What is limiting flexible demand from playing a bigger role in the US organized markets? The PJM experience
1. Introduction
2. PJM basics
3. Development of demand side programs in PJM
4. Current status and impacts of demand-side resources in PJM markets
5. PJM demand side programs: A failed design
6. The path forward: flexible demand response in wholesale power markets
7. Conclusion
Part 3. Coupling flexible demand to variable generation
Chapter 12. Valuing consumer flexibility in electricity market design
1. Introduction
2. The contribution of flexible demand to system adequacy in a low-carbon system
3. How capacity subscription works
4. Capacity subscription in a low-carbon system
5. Conclusions
Chapter 13. Variable renewables and demand flexibility: Day-ahead versus intraday valuation
1. Introduction
2. Trading in day-ahead and intraday markets
3. The perspective of renewable power generators
4. The perspective of demand response
5. Conclusions
Chapter 14. The value of flexibility in Australia’s national electricity market
1. Introduction
2. The value of dispatchability and flexibility in the NEM
3. Designing a two-sided electricity market
4. Benefits of a two-sided electricity market
5. Conclusions
Chapter 15. Demand flexibility and what it can contribute in Germany
1. Introduction
2. Demand for flexibility and flexible demand
3. The pros and cons of demand flexibility
4. Regulatory obstacles: why hasn’t it happened yet?
5. Conclusions
Chapter 16. Industrial demand flexibility: A German case study
1. Introduction
2. Regulatory framework for flexible demand in Germany
3. The research project
4. Case study: potential for flexibility in the industry
5. Typology of business models for utilities
6. Conclusions
Part 4. Implementation, business models, enabling technologies, policies, regulation
Chapter 17. Market design and regulation to encourage demand aggregation and participation in European energy markets
1. Introduction
2. European vision of the future role of aggregators
3. The role of aggregators in providing demand response
4. Business models for aggregators
5. Models for independent aggregators
6. Conclusions
Chapter 18. Do Time-Of-Use tariffs make residential demand more flexible? Evidence from Victoria, Australia
1. Introduction
2. The background and historical performance of TOU tariffs
3. A study into the effectiveness of TOU tariffs
4. Measuring consumer responsiveness to TOU tariffs
5. Findings
6. Conclusion
Funding
Chapter 19. Empowering consumers to deliver flexible demand
1. Introduction
2. Australia’s experience to date with flexible demand
3. The role of intermediaries in flexible demand services
4. Empowering consumers to deliver flexible demand
5. Conclusions
Chapter 20. Markets for flexibility: Product definition, market design, and regulation
1. Introduction
2. How consumers can provide flexibility
3. Strategies to foster demand response
4. Product definition
5. Market design
6. Regulation
7. Conclusion
Chapter 21. Energy communities and flexible demand
1. Introduction
2. Efficiency and price signals
3. Beyond prices—aggregation business models and technologies
4. Energy communities and demand flexibility
5. Conclusions
Chapter 22. Flexible demand: What’s in it for the consumer?
1. Introduction
2. The consumer context, as the love for renewables continues unabated
3. How can consumers benefit from flexible demand?
4. Grid security—a critical consumer benefit
5. Adapting old tools to a new environment
6. Demand response—new needs, new opportunities, new benefits
7. Building the consumer case for benefit
8. Conclusion
Epilogue
Index

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Variable Generation, Flexible Demand

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