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Tutorials in Clinical Chemistry
1st Edition - October 10, 2023
Author: Ibrahim A. Hashim
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 9 4 9 - 1
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 9 1 8 - 7
Tutorials in Clinical Chemistry is designed for trainee pathology residents, clinical chemists, medical students, and clinical laboratory scientists, in addition to those… Read more
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Tutorials in Clinical Chemistry is designed for trainee pathology residents, clinical chemists, medical students, and clinical laboratory scientists, in addition to those preparing for board and postgraduate examination. It is helpful to those in training as well as a teaching aid for mentors, faculty, and directors. The book is organized into 17 system-based chapters covering essential pathophysiology, biochemical investigation, and technical aspects of relevance to results interpretation. Tutorials in Clinical Chemistry is a must-have, didactic and essential knowledge as well as practical resource for learning and review.
● Facilitates easy access to troubleshooting common questions within a daily practice
● Provides the landscape for the required knowledge and competency in clinical chemistry
● Presents concise, direct, practical material for clinicians and clinical practitioners reaching out to the clinical laboratory
for advice and interpretation of findings
● Covers all aspects of clinical chemistry fellowship curriculum
● Provides the landscape for the required knowledge and competency in clinical chemistry
● Presents concise, direct, practical material for clinicians and clinical practitioners reaching out to the clinical laboratory
for advice and interpretation of findings
● Covers all aspects of clinical chemistry fellowship curriculum
Pathology residents, clinical laboratory professionals, clinicians, clinical chemistry fellows, and medical students
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Abbreviations
- Reference intervals
- Chapter 1: Endocrine system disorders
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The thyroid gland
- The pituitary
- The adrenal gland
- The gonads
- References
- Further reading
- Chapter 2: Electrolytes and fluid balance
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Water and extracellular fluid homoeostasis
- Electrolytes
- Sodium pathophysiology
- Potassium pathophysiology
- Chloride pathophysiology
- Diabetes insipidus
- Calcium pathophysiology
- Phosphate pathophysiology
- Magnesium homoeostasis
- Diuretics
- Urinary electrolytes4
- Methods of electrolytes measurement
- Summary
- References
- Further reading
- Chapter 3: Renal function
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Kidney structure and function
- Metabolic functions of the kidney
- Estimated GFR (eGFR)
- Acid-base homeostasis/balance
- Endocrine functions and laboratory investigation
- Kidney disorders and biomarkers
- Urinalysis investigation
- Summary
- Further reading
- Chapter 4: Liver function
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Liver structure
- Hepatic function and assessment
- Summary
- Further reading
- Chapter 5: Bone metabolism and associated disorders
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Bone structure and physiology
- Biomarkers of bone metabolism
- Biomarkers of bone formation
- Biomarkers of bone resorption
- Biochemical monitoring
- Metabolic bone disorders
- Biochemical investigation of calcium, phosphate, and magnesium disorders
- Summary
- References
- Further reading
- Chapter 6: Diabetes mellitus and hypoglycemic disorders
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Glucose metabolism
- Summary
- Further reading
- Chapter 7: Lipids metabolism and cardiac biomarkers
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Lipids and cardiovascular disease risk
- Lipids and lipoproteins
- Apolipoproteins
- Lipoprotein metabolism
- Biochemical investigation of lipid disorders1
- Dyslipidemia investigation
- Primary dyslipidemias
- Classification of inherited lipid disorders
- Secondary (acquired) dyslipidemias
- Cardiovascular risk assessment
- Cardiovascular disease
- Cardiac biomarkers2,3
- Troponins
- Natriuretic peptides
- Point of care testing (POCT) methodologies
- Algorithms in acute coronary syndrome
- Heart failure
- Heart failure and diabetes mellitus
- Biomarkers of inflammation is use in assessment of the acute coronary syndrome
- Summary
- References
- Suggested reading
- Chapter 8: Obstetrics, fetal, and neonatal disorders
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Pregnancy
- Biochemical/physiological variability during pregnancy
- Disorders in pregnancy
- Laboratory investigation of infertility
- Malignancy
- Fetomaternal biochemistry
- Biochemical aspects of neonatology
- Preanalytical factors
- Jaundice
- Congenital bilirubin abnormalities
- Inherited disorders of bilirubin metabolism
- Hypoglycemia
- Hyperglycemia
- Acid base status
- Inborn errors of metabolism
- Sepsis
- Assessment of renal function
- Summary
- Further reading
- Chapter 9: Neurological disorders
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Clinical presentations
- Neurological disorders
- Causes of neurological dysfunction
- Neurometabolic disorders (inborn error of metabolism-associated neuropathies)
- Nutrition-associated neuropathies
- Infection-associated encephalopathy
- Autoimmune encephalopathy
- Endocrine disorders associated with neurological presentations
- Malignancy-associated causes
- New biomarkers in neurological disorders
- Summary
- Further reading
- Chapter 10: Plasma and body fluids proteins
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Plasma proteins
- Urinary proteins
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins
- Pleural and peritoneal fluid proteins
- Summary
- References
- Suggested reading
- Chapter 11: Gastrointestinal disorders and nutritional assessment
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Digestion
- Gastrointestinal dysfunction
- Gastrointestinal malignancy
- Biomarkers of gastrointestinal dysfunction
- Gastrointestinal dynamic test (breath) tests
- The acute abdomen
- Biochemical assessment of nutritional status
- Water soluble vitamins
- Fat-soluble vitamins
- Trace elements
- Patients on total parenteral and enteral nutrition (TPN)
- Food and inhalants allergy
- Summary
- References
- Further reading
- Chapter 12: Common and rare metabolic disorders
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Iron metabolism and associated anemia
- Biochemical investigation of iron deficiency anemia and iron excess status
- Porphyria
- Laboratory diagnosis: Porphyria
- Folic acid (folate)
- Cobalamin (vitamin B12)
- Uric acid metabolism
- Inborn errors of metabolism
- Amino acid disorders
- Urea cycle defects
- Carbohydrate disorders
- Glycogen storage diseases
- Mucopolysaccharidosis
- Cystic fibrosis
- IEM biochemical investigations
- Summary
- Further reading
- Chapter 13: Biomarkers of malignancy
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Types of tumor markers
- Tumor markers in routine clinical practice
- Organ-specific tumors
- Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes
- Neuroendocrine tumors
- Metabolic impact of malignancy
- Paraneoplastic neurology syndromes
- Summary
- Further reading
- Chapter 14: Therapeutic drugs and toxicology testing
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Pharmacokinetics
- Pharmacodynamics
- Therapeutic drug monitoring
- Therapeutic drugs
- Cardioactive drugs
- Bronchodilators
- Psychoactive drugs
- Antibiotics
- Immunosuppressants
- Drugs in oncology
- Biomarkers in immunotherapy
- Other drugs of clinical interest
- Drugs-associated biomarkers
- Herbal supplements and interference
- Clinical toxicology
- Alcohols and metabolites
- Acetaminophen
- Salicylate
- Carbon monoxide
- Heavy elements toxicity
- Organophosphate insecticides
- Drugs of abuse
- Cocaine
- Cannabinoids
- Cannabinoids (passive smoking)
- Synthetic cannabinoids
- Opioids
- Benzodiazepines
- Barbiturates
- Phencyclidine
- Other drugs of increasing clinical interest
- Sample types
- Assay methodologies
- Summary
- References
- Further reading
- Chapter 15: Blood gases and acid-base homeostasis
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Acid-base homeostasis and buffering systems
- The lungs in acid-base homeostasis
- The kidney in acid-base homeostasis
- Acid-base disorders
- Mixed disorders
- Interpretation of acid-base data
- Anion gap calculations and diagnostic value
- Osmolality and osmolal gap
- Co-oximetry analysis
- Blood sample types in acid-base assessment
- Analytical and regulatory considerations
- Biomarkers in support of blood gases interpretation
- Summary
- References
- Further reading
- Chapter 16: Aspects of clinical laboratory management
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Medical directorship roles and responsibilities
- Delegation of laboratory director activities
- Accreditation and regulatory aspects
- Quality management program
- Method verification and validation (assessment of method error)
- Reflex and reflective testing
- Critical values
- Reference intervals
- Critical difference (relative change value) determination
- Financial aspects
- Reference laboratories and referred testing
- Organizational structure
- Staff competency assessment
- Laboratory informatics
- Emerging roles of the clinical laboratory
- Summary
- References
- Further reading
- Chapter 17: Analytical methods and special considerations
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Preanalytical considerations
- Analytical methods
- Assays performance characteristics
- Methods principles
- Lateral flow chemical tests
- Antibody-based assays (immunoassays)
- Methodological approaches to detect molecular variants (including free/bound)
- Chromatography-based assays
- Microscopic analysis
- Interferences
- Formulas and derived calculations
- Summary
- Further reading
- Index
- No. of pages: 554
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: October 10, 2023
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Paperback ISBN: 9780128229491
- eBook ISBN: 9780128229187
IH
Ibrahim A. Hashim
Dr. Ibrahim A. Hashim is Professor of Pathology, Chief of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Chemistry, and Director at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UTSW) at Dallas, Texas. He has over 29 years of experience as a clinical chemist and an educator. His work experience includes large university teaching hospitals in the United Kingdom and United States. In addition to directing the Clinical Chemistry Fellowship Program, he gives clinical chemistry didactic lectures to pathology residents, fellows, and clinical laboratory scientists. He also lectures on the Fundamentals for Clinical Reasoning course to medical students at UTSW. He is the director of the Clinical Chemistry and the Laboratory Management Rotations for the Pathology Residency program at UTSW and regularly contributes to the scientific literature on clinical chemistry and clinical laboratory topics. Dr. Hashim served as Director on the American Board of Clinical Chemistry and has co-authored Endocrine Society Practice Guidelines on Hypopituitarism.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor of Pathology, Chief of Clinical Pathology and Clinical Chemistry; Director, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UTSW), Dallas, TX, USA