Translational Sports Medicine

1st Edition - August 14, 2023
Editors: Jeffrey A. Bakal, Steve DeFroda, Brett D. Owens, Adam E.M. Eltorai
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 1 2 5 9 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 1 3 3 4 - 8

Translational Sports Medicine covers the principles of evidence-based medicine and applies these principles to the design of translational investigations. This title is an indisp… Read more

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Translational Sports Medicine covers the principles of evidence-based medicine and applies these principles to the design of translational investigations. This title is an indispensable tool in grant writing and funding efforts with its practical, straightforward approach that will help aspiring investigators navigate challenging considerations in study design and implementation. It provides valuable discussions of the critical appraisal of published studies in translational sports medicine, allowing the reader to learn how to evaluate the quality of such studies with respect to measuring outcomes and to make effective use of all types of evidence in patient care.

In short, this practical guidebook will be of interest to every medical researcher or sports medicine clinician who has ever had a good clinical idea but not the knowledge of how to test it. Readers will come to fully understand important concepts, including case-control study, prospective cohort study, randomized trial and reliability study. Medical researchers will benefit from greater confidence in their ability to initiate and execute their own investigations, avoid common pitfalls in translational sports medicine, and know what is needed in collaboration.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Handbook for Designing and Conducting Clinical and Translational Research
Copyright
List of contributors
Preface
Part I. Introduction
Part I Introduction
Chapter 1. Introduction
Chapter 2. The translational process
Key points
Why it matters
Translational research
Get started
Pitfalls to avoid
Real-world examples
Chapter 3. Scientific method
Key points
Why it matters?
Making an observation
Formulating a question
Generating a hypothesis
Making predictions
Experimentation and data gathering
Analysis and drawing conclusions
Summary
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Example case
Chapter 4. Basic research
Key points
Why it matters?
Reductionist approach
Reductionist versus applied research
Objectives
Disciplines
Common lab methods/techniques
Major areas of current investigation
Get started
Pitfalls to avoid
Real-world examples
Part II. Pre-clinical
Part II Pre-clinical
Chapter 5. Overview of preclinical research
Key points
Why it matters
Get started
The process for preclinical research
Common research techniques for preclinical research
Types of common experimentation methods in preclinical research
Common areas of preclinical sports medicine research
Growth factor study and mechanisms of delivery
Cell-based interventions
Biomechanical testing of proposed surgical procedures using cadaver specimens
Computer modeling for kinematics and implant design
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Translatability
Controls
Reproducibility
Chapter 6. What problem are you solving?
Key points
Defining the problem
Solving the problem
Framing the problem for research
Get started
Pitfalls
Examples
Chapter 7. Types of interventions: drugs, devices, diagnostic, procedural technique, and behavior change
Drugs
Devices
Diagnostic
Procedural technique
Behavior change
Chapter 8. Beyond drugs and surgery: a look at orthobiologics
Key points
Cell therapies
Blood-derived products
Recombinant growth factors
Gene therapies
Small molecules
Fibrosis
Exosomes
Challenges associated with defining the orthobiologics' efficacy
Chapter 9. Drug testing
Key points
Safety and toxicity testing
Good Laboratory Practice
Areas of current investigation
Potential pitfalls
Real-world examples
Get started
Funding considerations
Chapter 10. Device discovery and prototyping
Introduction
Innovation in orthopedics
Needs and market capacity assessments
Prototyping
Cost and budgetary considerations
Conclusion
Chapter 11. Device testing
Key points
Potential pitfalls
Chapter 12. Diagnostic discovery
Introduction
Areas of current investigation
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Get started
Real-world example
Resources and funding sources
Chapter 13. Diagnostic testing
Key points
Introduction
Learning and defining terms
Goals: what does a good diagnostic test look like?
Real-world examples
Regulatory considerations
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Chapter 14. Preclinical: discussion of FDA product categories (what the FDA covers, regulated or not)
Key points
Introduction
Human foods and supplements
Human drugs
Biologics
Medical devices
Radiation producing devices
Cosmetics
Veterinary products
Tobacco products
Resources: additional reading, consultants, contractors
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Real-world examples
Chapter 15. Procedural technique development
Key points
Body of text
Phases of development for surgical techniques
Conclusion
Real-world examples from the published literature to further illustrate the concept and to serve as references or additional resources
“Get started” section
Pitfalls to avoid
Chapter 16. Behavioral intervention studies
Key points
Introduction
Stage model for behavioral intervention studies
Recently published representative studies
Get started
Pitfalls to avoid
Chapter 17. Artificial intelligence
Key points
Introduction
Designing a clinical research study using AI
Steps to designing an AI-based clinical research study
Examples of artificial intelligence in clinical research
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Resources
Part III. Clinical: Fundamentals
Part III Clinical: Fundamentals
Chapter 18. Introduction to clinical research: what is it? why is it needed?
Key points
Get started
Real-world examples
Chapter 19. The question: types of research questions and how to develop them
Key points
“Why it matters?”
Types of clinical research questions
Development of a clinical research question
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Chapter 20. Study population: who and why them?
Key points
Why this matters
Selecting sampling methods by study needs
Types of sampling
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Chapter 21. Outcome measurements: what data is being collected and why?
Key points
Why this matters
What are outcome measures?
Selecting outcome measures
Patient-reported outcome measures
Clinical versus statistical significance
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Chapter 22. Optimizing the question: balancing significance and feasibility
Key points
Why it matters
Real world examples
Get started
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Resources/further reading
Part IV. Statistical principles
Part IV Statistical principles
Chapter 23. Common issues in analysis
Key points
Introductory section/why it matters
Limitations by study design
Observational studies
Statistical significance and the P-value: common misunderstood concepts in analysis
Conclusions
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Examples of …
Resources
Chapter 24. Basic statistical principles
Sensitivity
Specificity
Positive predictive value
Negative predictive value
Risk quantification
Incidence
Prevalence
Precision
Accuracy
Statistical distribution
Chapter 25. Distribution
Key points
Introduction
Discrete distribution
Continuous distribution
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Chapter 26. Research hypothesis and error types
Hypothesis
Errors
Chapter 27. Power
Key points
Why it matters?
Power
Pitfalls to avoid
Chapter 28. Multivariable regression models
Key points
Why it matters
Types of regression
Get started
Chapter 29. How to choose appropriate bivariate test
Key points
Introductory section/why it matters
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Examples
Single sample t-test
Paired t-test
Independent group t-test
Independent sample t-test assuming unequal variances
Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test
Chapter 30. Categorical variable analyses: chi-square, Fisher exact, Mantel–Haenszel
Key points
Introduction
Chi-square
The Fisher's exact test
Mantel–Haenszel
Pitfalls to avoid
Chapter 31. Analysis of variance: ANOVA
Key points
Introduction
One-way ANOVA
Conclusions
Get started
Chapter 32. Correlation
Introduction
Key aspects
Chapter 33. Statistical bias
Chapter 34. Basic science statistics
Chapter 35. Sample size
Chapter 36. Statistical software
Key points
Excel
SPSS
SAS
STATA
R
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Get started
Part V. Clinical: Study types
Part V Clinical: Study types
Chapter 37. Design principles: hierarchy of study types
Key points
Why it matters
Body of text
Get started
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Real-world examples
Chapter 38. Case series: design, measures, and an example
Why it matters
Definition of a case series
Benefits and limitations to investigator
Step-by-step design
Examples of case series
Budgetary considerations
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Chapter 39. Case-control study
Key points
Introduction
Benefits and limitations
Budgetary considerations
Standard research personnel and roles
Study design and getting started
Pitfalls to avoid
Get started
Examples from current literature
Chapter 40. Cohort studies
Key points
Introduction
Design
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Research team personnel
Budgetary considerations
Get started
Chapter 41. Cross-section study
Key points
Introduction
Benefits and limitations
Budgetary considerations
Standard research personnel and roles
Study design and getting started
Get started
Pitfalls to avoid
Examples from current literature
Chapter 42. Longitudinal study: design, measures, classic example
Key points
Get started
Real-world example
The research team
Budgetary considerations
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Resources additional reading
Chapter 43. Meta-analysis
Key points
Introduction
Design
Strengths and limitations
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Research team personnel
Budgetary considerations
Get started
Chapter 44. Cost-effectiveness study: design, measures, classic example
Key points
Why it Matters?
Introduction
Study design
Examples
Research personnel and budgetary considerations
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Get started
Resources
Chapter 45. Diagnostic test evaluation: design, measures, classic example
Key points:
Getting started: Diagnostic test parameters
Designing studies to avoid common biases
Use of standards in antigen testing for COVID-19
Potential pitfalls
Resources
Chapter 46. Reliability study: design, measures, classic example
Key points
What is reliability?
How do we measure reliability?
Study design
Examples
Budgetary considerations
Pitfalls to avoid
Get started
Chapter 47. Database types and basic data management design principles for healthcare research
Key Points
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Resources
Chapter 48. Survey studies and questionnaires
Key points
Why it matters?
Designing a survey study
Research team personnel and roles
Benefits and limitations
Budget and funding
Real-world application
Potential pitfalls
Get started
Chapter 49. Qualitative methods and mixed methods
Key points
Why it matters?
Qualitative research
Mixed methods research
Designing a study
Other considerations
“Real-world examples”
Get started
Common pitfalls
Resources
Part VI. Clinical: Trials
Part VI Clinical: Trials
Chapter 50. Randomized controlled trials
Key points
Why it matters?
Choosing a research question
Randomization
Unit of randomization
Experimental design
Control group
Blinding
Outcome measures
Generalizability
Attrition
Ethical concerns
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Chapter 51. Nonrandomized controlled trials
Introduction
Define your intervention
Define the study population
Define the study outcomes
Allocation of subjects
Study examples
Potential pitfalls
Starting your study
Chapter 52. Historical control: design, measures, classic example
Key points
Chapter 53. Crossover studies
Key points
Introduction
Overview crossover designs
Analysis of simple crossover designs
Advantages
Limitations
Ethics
Crossover design for dosing trials
Study design examples
Potential pitfalls
Get started
Chapter 54. Withdrawal studies: design, measures, classic example
Key points
Introduction
Benefits
Limitations
Standard research team personnel and roles
Budgetary considerations and how to fund
Chapter 55. Factorial design: design, measures, classic example
Key points
Get started
Potential pitfalls to avoid
What is a factorial design study?
How is a factorial design study's data interpreted?
Factorial design versus randomized control trial
Real-world examples of factorial design application in translational sports medicine
Chapter 56. Group or cluster controlled trials: design, measures, classic example
Key points
Why it matters?
Group/cluster-allocated trials
Case number calculation
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Real-world examples
Chapter 57. Hybrid design: design, measures, classic examples
Key Points
Introduction
Get started (see Table 57.3)
Benefits of HD
Potential pitfalls
Budgetary considerations
Chapter 58. Large, pragmatic clinical trials
Key points
Benefits
Limitations
Steps to designing a pragmatic trial
Standard research team and roles
Budgetary considerations
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Chapter 59. Equivalence and noninferiority: design, measures, classic example
Key points
Why it matters
Real life example #1
Real life example #2
Real life example #3
Potential pitfalls
Get started
Chapter 60. Translational sports medicine: handbook for designing and conducting clinical and translational research
Key points
Introduction
Advantages
Disadvantages
Principles of designing an adaptive design clinical trial
Practical considerations
Potential pitfalls
Get started
Chapter 61. Randomization: fixed or adaptive procedures
Key points
Get started
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Chapter 62. Blinding: who, when and how? importance and impact on findings
Key points
Single blinding
Double blinding
Triple blinding
Conclusion
Get started
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Chapter 63. Multicenter considerations
Key points
Introduction
Benefits and challenges
How to design a multicenter study
Chapter 64. Phase 0 trials: window of opportunity
Key points
Introductory section/Why it matters?
Study design and practical considerations
Benefits and challenges
Standard research team and roles
Budgetary considerations and funding this stage
Conclusion
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Chapter 65. Registries
Key points
Introduction
Divisions of database research
Clinical registries
US databases utilized in arthroplasty research
Functional comparison of available registries and databases
Sample sizes of lower extremity arthroplasty procedures in databases
Journals publishing database/registry research
Conclusion
Chapter 66. Phases of clinical trails
Key points
Avoiding pitfalls
Chapter 67. IDEAL framework: framework for describing the stages of innovation in surgery
Key points
Introduction
Stage 1: Innovation
Stage 2a: Development
Stage 2b: Exploration
Stage 3: Assessment
Stage 4: Long-term study
Conclusions
Get started
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Real-world examples
Part VII. Clinical preparation
Part VII Clinical preparation
Chapter 68. Patient perspectives
Key points
Why it matters?
Regulatory guidance on incorporating patient perspectives
Building a study team to consider patient perspectives
Considering patient perspective during research design
Benefits of considering patient perspective during research design
The informed patient
Considering the patient during dissemination of findings
Conclusions
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Resources: additional reading, consultants, contractors
Chapter 69. Budgeting
Introduction
Types of funding
Considerations for budgeting
Timelines for study funding
Conclusion
Chapter 70. Ethics and review boards
Key points
Why ethics in research matters
Guiding principles
Part A: Boundaries between practice and research
Part B: Basic ethical principles
Part C: Applications
Getting started with human subject research
Common pitfalls
Resources
Chapter 71. Regulatory considerations for sports medicine technologies: new drugs and medical devices
Key points
Regulatory pathways
FDA requirements
Data collection considerations for nonapproved technologies
Issues with regulatory agencies for clinical studies
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Real-world examples
Resources
Chapter 72. Funding approaches
Sources of funding
Grant writing
Conclusion
Chapter 73. Conflicts of interest
Key points
Get started
Why it matters
Body of text
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Real-world examples from published literature
Chapter 74. Subject recruitment
Key points
Clinical research scenario
Developing and implementing a recruitment strategy
Ethical considerations in patient recruitment
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Resources: additional reading, consultants, contractors
Chapter 75. Data management: how to manage data safely and effectively in an organized manner
Key points
Introduction
Data management considerations
Data organization
Resources
Compliance/data management plan
Data retention
Real-world example
Get started
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Chapter 76. A practical guide to conducting research in the acute setting
Key points
Introduction
Benefits and challenges for engaging in research for sports medicine clinicians
General guidelines for designing a research study in a medical setting
Distilling clinical observations into research questions and hypotheses
Planning the research
Creating a research team with clinical expertise and awareness
Positioning clinical research activity for funding
Potential pitfalls
Get started
Conclusion
Chapter 77. Special populations
Key points
Introduction
Where are we today?
The ideal research team
Principles of the effective research team
Orthopedic sports medicine research
Nonphysician personnel
Tactics to attract minorities
Potential pitfalls
Get started
Real-world examples
Chapter 78. Subject adherence
Introduction
Intention to treat
Per protocol and as treated
Stylized example
Per protocol
As treated
Clinical example
What have we learned?
Pitfalls
Get started
Resources
Chapter 79. Time-to-event outcomes and survival analysis
Key points
Why it matters
A few foundational concepts
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Examples
Resources
Chapter 80. Monitoring committee in clinical trials
Key points
Why it matters
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Examples
Resources
Part VIII. Regulatory basics
Part VIII Regulatory basics
Chapter 81. FDA overview
Key points
Why it matters
The FDA
Mission
Structure, organization, and hierarchy
What does the FDA regulate?
Foods
Drugs
Biologics
Medical devices
Electronic products that give off radiation
Cosmetics
Veterinary products
Tobacco products
Center for drug evaluation and research
Structure
Definition of a drug
Prescription drugs
Over-the-counter drugs
Biological therapeutics
Drug development and review
Center for devices and radiological health
Structure
What is a medical device?
What to avoid
Chapter 82. Investigational new drug (IND) application
Key points
What is an IND and why is it important?
What are the different types of IND?
When is an IND required?
When is it not necessary to have an IND?
What does an IND consist of?
Form 1571
Form FDA-1572
Additional information
Protocol and information amendments
Safety reports (FDA form 3500A)
Annual reports
Clinical holds, termination, and inactivation
Conclusions
Get started
Real-world examples
Potential pitfalls
Additional resources
Chapter 83. New drug application
Introduction
Get started
Chapter 84. Medical devices
Key points
Overview
Medical devices classification
Pathways
Funding
Common challenges
Chapter 85. Radiation-emitting electronic products
Key points
Why does it matter?
Overview
Components, processes, and pathways
Common challenges and real-world examples
Chapter 86. Orphan drugs
Overview
Process/pathways
Components
Common examples
Budgetary considerations
Chapter 87. Biological drugs
Real-world examples
Key points and potential pitfalls to avoid
Chapter 88. Combination products
Key points
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Chapter 89. Cosmetics in sports medicine
Process/Pathways1
Components
Examples
Common challenges3
Budgetary consideration and how to fund
Chapter 90. CMC and GxP: chemistry, manufacturing, and controls & good practice' guidelines and regulations
Key points
Chemistry, manufacturing, and controls
Good practice' guidelines and regulations
Chapter 91. Non-US regulatory
Key points
Introductory section/Why it matters?
Regulation outside the United States
Chapter 92. Postmarket drug safety monitoring
Chapter 93. Postmarket device safety monitoring
Key points
Introduction
Interim Postmarket Surveillance Report
Final Postmarket Surveillance Report
Evaluation of Postmarket Surveillance Final Report
Failure to comply with postmarket surveillance
Public disclosure of postmarket surveillance plan
Potential pitfall
Get started
Part IX. Clinical implementation
Part IX Clinical implementation
Chapter 94. Implementation research
Key points
Get started
Chapter 95. Design and analysis
Introduction
Overview of implementation objectives and outcomes
Intervention research methods example #1: RE-AIM framework for planning and evaluating outcomes
Intervention research methods example #2: mixed methods
Methodological challenges in implementation research
Study design
Experimental—waitlist randomized controlled trial
Quasi-experimental—multiple baseline trial
Observational study design
Conclusion
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Real-world examples
Resources
Chapter 96. Mixed methods in concussion research
Summary
Why it matters
Defining mixed methods
Types of mixed methods designs
Examples in concussion research
Get started
Pitfalls to avoid
Resources
Chapter 97. Implementation of multimodal concussion research within military medical environments
Key points
Introduction
Resources
Translation example 1. Initial prototype of the Bethesda Eye and Attention Measure
Translational example 2. Initial demonstration of sensitivity in the mTBI clinical population
Translational example 3. Testing an advanced prototype in the military clinical environment
Disclaimer
Chapter 98. Guideline development
Key points
Introduction/why it matters
Get started
Part X. Public health
Part X Public health
Chapter 99. Public health
Key points
Why it matters
Get started
Examples
Resources
Chapter 100. Epidemiology of sports injuries
Key points
Introduction
Sports injuries in adolescents
Demographic data on sports injuries in the United States
International sports injury data
Population level effects of sports injuries
Chapter 101. Factors
Key points
Multifactorial considerations in public health
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Resources
Chapter 102. Good questions—asking the right public health questions
Key points
Why it matters
Examples
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Get started
Chapter 103. Population- and environmental-specific considerations
Key points
Why it matters
Population considerations
Environmental considerations
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Get started
Chapter 104. Law, policy, and ethics
Key points
Why it matters
Overview
Objectives of public health law, policy, and ethics in translational research
Methods
Impact
Challenges
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Chapter 105. Healthcare institutions and systems
Key points
Using translational research to impact policy
Types of healthcare institutions
Interactions between healthcare institutions
Get started
Potential pitfalls
Examples of the influence of healthcare institutions on the translational research process
Resources
Chapter 106. Public health institutions and systems
Key points
Key public health institutions
States and local departments of health
Nongovernmental public health entities
Partnership between translational researchers and public health entities
Social determinants of health
Get started
Potential pitfalls
CMS—Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement
PCORI
Social determinants of health
Resources
Part XI. Practical resources
Part XI Practical resources
Chapter 107. Presenting data
Chapter 108. Manuscript preparation
Key points
Preface
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
References
Get started
Pearls and pitfalls—suggested by Provenzale2
Real-world examples
Resources
Chapter 109. Promoting research
Key points
Introduction
Methods to promote research
Real-world example on how to rewrite abstract components to be more direct and succinct
Real-world example of an effective table that succinctly delivers data
Real-world example of how to create an abstract that is tweetable and easily shared
Author impact metrics
Academic advancement
Risks
Get started
Pitfalls to avoid
Resources
Chapter 110. Quality improvement
Key points
Why it matters?
Introduction
Reporting and disseminating results
Example studies
Personnel
Funding
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Get started
Additional resources
Chapter 111. Team science and building a team
Key points
Why it matters
What is team science?
Why team science?
Examples of team science
Is team science right for you?
Building a team
Finding collaborators
Get started
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Additional reading
Chapter 112. Types of intellectual property
Four main types
Recommendations for timing of filing
Example patent template21,22
Budgetary considerations
Chapter 113. Venture pathways
Key points
Main text
Basics of starting a company
Licensing
Venture capital funding
Exit strategies
Get started
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Real-world examples
Resources
Chapter 114. Utilizing National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants to fund translational research: An Overview
Key points
Introduction to the National Institutes of Health grant application process
Initial preparation for the application process and important personnel
Application completion and review process
Award processing
Pitfalls to avoid
Get started
Real world examples
Additional resources
Chapter 115. Sample forms and templates
Key points
IRB protocols
IRB budgets
Grant proposals
Consort diagram
Equator guidelines
Lincoln and guba framework
Real-world examples
Potential pitfalls to avoid
Glossary
Index

Jeffrey A. Bakal

Jeff Bakal PhD, P.Stat. is the Program Director for Provincial Research Data Services at Alberta Health Services which operates the Alberta Strategy for Patient Oriented Research (SPOR) data platform and Health Service Statistical & Analytics Methods teams. He has over 10 years of experience working with Health Services data and Randomized Clinical Trials. He completed his PhD jointly with the Department of Mathematics and Statistics and the School of Physical Health and Education at Queen's University. He has worked on the methodology and analysis of several international studies in business strategy, ophthalmology, cardiology, geriatric medicine and the analysis of kinematic data resulting in several peer reviewed articles and conference presentations. His current interests are in developing statistical methodology for time-to-event data and the development of classification tools to assist in patient decision making processes.

Affiliations and expertise

Program Director, Provincial Research Data Services, Data Integration Management and Reporting of Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Steve DeFroda

Steven DeFroda currently works as a sports medicine fellow at Rush University Medical Center. Steven does research in Orthopedic Surgery, with specific interest in athletic injuries of the knee, shoulder, and elbow. Specific interests include clinical and functional outcomes, biomechanics, and patient quality of life.

Affiliations and expertise

Sports Medicine Fellow, Rush University Medical Center, Columbia, MO, USA

Brett D. Owens

Dr. Owens is a fellowship-trained, board certified orthopedic sports medicine surgeon, specializing in arthroscopic repair of sports-related injuries as well as complex knee and shoulder reconstructions. He is Chief of Sports Medicine at the Miriam Hospital in Providence, RI and Director of the Rhode Island Cartilage Repair Center. He is Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at Brown University Alpert Medical School. He is currently a Team Physician for Brown University and the Providence Bruins. He serves as a consultant for URI Athletics. Dr. Owens was named by fellow orthopedists in Orthopedics This Week as one of the “Top 28 North American Knee Surgeons.” He has published over 200 articles in peer-reviewed medical journals, given over 200 national or international presentations, co-edited three textbooks on orthopedic injuries, and serves as Associate Editor for the American Journal of Sports Medicine. His research has garnered awards from the American Orthopedic Society for Sports Medicine.

Affiliations and expertise

Chief of Sports Medicine at the Miriam Hospital in Providence, RI; Director of the Rhode Island Cartilage Repair Center; Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at Brown University Alpert Medical School; Team Physician for Brown University and the Providence Bruins

Adam E.M. Eltorai

Adam E. M. Eltorai, MD, PhD completed his graduate studies in Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology along with his medical degree from Brown University. His work has spanned the translational spectrum with a focus on medical technology innovation and development. Dr. Eltorai has published numerous articles and books.

Affiliations and expertise

Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Translational Sports Medicine

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Jeffrey A. Bakal

Steve DeFroda

Brett D. Owens

Adam E.M. Eltorai