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Translational Neuroimaging
Tools for CNS Drug Discovery, Development and Treatment
- 1st Edition - October 5, 2012
- Editor: Robert A. McArthur
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 3 8 6 9 4 5 - 6
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 3 8 6 9 9 7 - 5
Translational Neuroimaging: Tools for CNS Drug Discovery, Development and Treatment combines the experience of academic, clinical and industrial neuroimagers in a unique collabora… Read more
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Request a sales quoteTranslational Neuroimaging: Tools for CNS Drug Discovery, Development and Treatment combines the experience of academic, clinical and industrial neuroimagers in a unique collaborative approach to provide an integrated perspective of the use of small animal and human brain imaging in developing and validating translational models and biomarkers for the study and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Translational Neuroimaging: Tools for CNS Drug Discovery, Development and Treatment examines the translational role of neuroimaging in model development from preclinical animal models, to human experimental medicine, and finally to clinical studies. The focus of this book is to identify and provide common endpoints between species that can serve to inform both the clinic and the bench with the information needed to accelerate clinically-effective CNS drug discovery. This book covers methodical issues in human and animal neuroimaging translational research as well as detailed applied examples of the use of neuroimaging in neuropsychiatric disorders and the development of drugs for their treatment. Translational Neuroimaging: Tools for CNS Drug Discovery, Development and Treatment appeals to non-clinical and clinical neuroscientists working in and studying neuropsychiatric disorders and their treatment as well as providing the novice researcher or researcher outside of his/her expertise the opportunity to understand the background of translational research and the use of imaging in this field.
- Provides a background to translational research and the use of brain imaging in neuropsychiatric disorders
- Critical discussion of the potential and limitations of neuroimaging as a translational tool for identifying and validating biomarkers
- Identifies cross species neurosystems and common endpoints necessary to help accelerate CNS drug discovery and development for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders
Primary Market: Researchers in the biopharmaceutical industry and academic who actively work on CNS drug treatment studies, often found in molecular biology, pharmacology, neuroscience, and psychiatry departments drug delivery groups, as well as, researchers using animal models to study drug development and therapeutics.
Secondary Market: Graduate students, postdocs and professors at medical schools studying translational medicine.
Dedication
Preface
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Fundamentals of Neuroimaging
3.0 Translational Neuroimaging
Contributors
Acknowledgments
Abbreviation List
Chapter 1. Neuroimaging Modalities: Description, Comparisons, Strengths, and Weaknesses
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Radiotracer Techniques
3.0 Electrophysiological Techniques
4.0 Magnetic Resonance Techniques
5.0 Advantages, Disadvantages, and Practical Considerations
References
Chapter 2. Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Tool for Modeling Drug Treatment of CNS Disorders: Strengths and Weaknesses
1.0 Introduction
2.0 MRI
3.0 MRS
4.0 Bold fMRI
5.0 Arterial Spin Labeling of Blood Flow
6.0 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 3. Small Animal Imaging as a Tool for Modeling CNS Disorders: Strengths and Weaknesses
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Setting Up and Imaging Awake Animals
3.0 Typical Study Designs
4.0 Summary
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 4. Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Biomarker for the Diagnosis, Progression, and Treatment of Alzheimer Disease
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Functional Readout of Volumetric MRI
3.0 Correlation of Structural MRI with the Neuropathology of Alzheimer Disease
4.0 Prediction of Clinical Progression to Dementia
5.0 Structural MRI in Therapeutic Clinical Trials
6.0 Use of Structural MRI in a Regulatory Setting
7.0 Conclusions
References
Chapter 5. Positron Emission Tomography in Alzheimer Disease: Diagnosis and Use as Biomarker Endpoints
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Historical Perspective
3.0 Pet as a Biomarker for Alzheimer Disease
4.0 FDG-PET
5.0 Amyloid Pet
6.0 Clinical Relevance of Amyloid Pet
7.0 Future Directions
References
Chapter 6. Rethinking the Contribution of Neuroimaging to Translation in Schizophrenia
1.0 Schizophrenia: A Complex Neuropsychiatric Syndrome
2.0 Antipsychotic Treatment and Related Challenges
3.0 Functional Neuroimaging Markers
4.0 Structural Neuroimaging Markers
5.0 Treatment Effects
6.0 Conclusions
References
Chapter 7. Neuroimaging as a Translational Tool in Animal and Human Models of Schizophrenia
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Pharmacological Models
3.0 Neurodevelopmental Factors
4.0 Effects of Antipsychotic Drugs on Brain Function
5.0 Target Validation
6.0 Conclusion
References
Chapter 8. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Biomarker for the Diagnosis, Progression, and Treatment of Autistic Spectrum Disorders
1.0 What is fMRI?
2.0 How has fMRI been used as a Tool to Provide Insights and Advancements in the Scientific Understanding of Autistic Spectrum Disorders?
3.0 Biological Motion and Social Perception
4.0 Failing to Read Intentions: Superior Temporal Sulcus Dysfunction in Autism
5.0 Responses to Biologically Meaningful Stimuli Reveal Neuroendophenotypes of Autistic Spectrum Disorders
6.0 What has been the Clinical Value of fMRI for Autistic Spectrum Disorders?
7.0 What is the Diagnostic Utility of fMRI in Autistic Spectrum Disorders?
References
Chapter 9. Translational Neuroimaging for Drug Discovery and Development in Autism Spectrum Disorders: Guidance from Clinical Imaging and Preclinical Research
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Clinical Imaging in Autism Spectrum Disorders
3.0 Preclinical Genetic Modeling of Autism Spectrum Disorders
4.0 Challenges and Approaches in Translating from Bench to Patients
References
Chapter 10. Neuroimaging as a Biomarker for the Diagnosis, Progression, and Treatment of Substance Abuse Disorders
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Neuroimaging Approaches in Addiction
3.0 Imaging Techniques
4.0 PET Studies in Addiction
5.0 Brain Imaging in Addiction
6.0 Conclusions
References
Chapter 11. Translational Neuroimaging: Substance Abuse Disorders
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Preclinical
3.0 Clinical-Experimental Medicine Models and Drug Studies
4.0 Translational Imaging of Substance Abuse Models for Drug Discovery and Development
References
Chapter 12. Neuroimaging Approaches to the Understanding of Depression and the Identification of Novel Antidepressants
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Imaging Techniques
3.0 Characterization of Disease State and Progression
4.0 Characterization of Therapeutic Manipulations
5.0 Use of Neuroimaging in Biomarker Identification and Early Drug Discovery
6.0 Behavioral Correlates and Use of Neuroimaging Biomarkers in Models of Depression
7.0 Reciprocal Nature of Neuroimaging Results in Animal and Human Models of Depression
8.0 Summary and Future Prospects
References
Index
- No. of pages: 464
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: October 5, 2012
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Hardback ISBN: 9780123869456
- eBook ISBN: 9780123869975
RM
Robert A. McArthur
Dr. McArthur began his professional career investigating the role of serotonin on feeding behaviour at the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry in Toronto, Canada. This interest led him to complete a PhD in the psychopharmacology of feeding behaviour and macronutrient selection with John Blundell at the University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
In 1981 he joined Beecham Pharmaceuticals to work on adrenergic involvement in energy expenditure and obesity. In 1983 Dr McArthur began working on M1 functional agonists for the treatment of Alzheimer disease and was responsible for demonstrating the initial procognitive effects of Sabcomeline. Following the merger of Beecham with SmithKline French, Dr McArthur was appointed Business Development Executive at I.T.E.M-Labo, Paris working with Roger Porsolt in behavioural pharmacology contract research. In 1992, Robert was appointed Head of Behavioral Pharmacology at Farmitalia Carlo Erba, later Pharmacia in Milan. His lab was responsible for the preclinical behavioural pharmacology of Sabcomeline (Alzheimer’s and schizophrenia); Safinamide (epilepsy and Parkinson’s); Reboxetine (depression); Cabergoline (Parkinson’s); Nicergoline (Mild Cognitive Impairment); and Amperozide (alcoholism).
He is listed as an inventor in 19 issued patents and applications of which he is the principal inventor in 3. In 1998, Robert transferred to the Pharmacia and Upjohn Company in Kalamazoo, Michigan where as senior behavioural pharmacologist responsible, he worked on mutant mouse characterizations, the establishment of a primate unit assessing cognitive changes in monkeys (CANTAB), and development of anxiety models in marmosets. Soon after the merger of Pharmacia and Upjohn with Monsanto-Searle, Robert returned to Europe where in 2001 he founded the consulting company, McArthur and Associates GmbH in Basel.
Robert has since worked on a series of projects for both large Pharma as well as biotechs, including further primate work in Parkinson’s, development of behavioural pharmacology expertise, novel target validation, due diligence, medical writing, strategy evaluation, scientific advisor and as an expert witness. Dr McArthur has pursued his academic interests in translational neuroscience. In 2003, Robert was appointed as a visiting Associate Research Professor in the Department of Neuroscience (Division of Behavioural Neuroscience) at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm.
He has written and co-edited extensively on the subject of the clinical and translational relevance of animal models of CNS disorders. He has authored 43 peer-reviewed papers, 13 book chapters, co-author on 1 book and senior editor of a three-volume set on translational value of animal models for CNS drug discovery. He has served as section editor (CNS) for Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs and is on the editorial board of Drugs of the Future. In 2009 he was appointed an independent scientific expert evaluator for the European FP7-Health call.
Affiliations and expertise
McArthur & Associates GmbH, Basel, SwitzerlandRead Translational Neuroimaging on ScienceDirect