Transistor Electronics

1. Fundamental Principles


1.1. Representation of Numbers


1.1.1. Decimal System


1.1.2. Binary System


1.1.3. Direct Tetrad Code


1.1.4. Aiken's 2-4-2-1 Code


1.1.5. Three-Excess Code


1.1.6. Biquinary Code


1.1.7. (52) Code


1.1.8. Comparison: Binary-Coded Decimal Systems


1.2. Circuit Algebra


1.2.1. Logical Relations


1.2.2. Identity, Negation, Conjunction, Disjunction


1.2.3. Calculation Rules


1.3. Combinative Connections


1.4. Sequential Connections


1.5. Other Arrangements


2. Electronic Component Parts


2.1. Standard Series


2.2. Resistances


2.3. NTC-Resistances


2.4. Capacitors


2.5. Diodes


2.5.1. Static Behavior


2.5.2. Junction Behavior


2.6. Transistors


2.6.1. Construction and Operation of the Junction Transistor


2.6.2. Static Behavior


2.6.3. Junction Behavior


2.7. Reliability and Service Life


3. Principles of Connection


3.1. RD Technique


3.1.1. Diode-n-Gate


3.1.2. Diode-p-Gate


3.1.3. Diode-n-Special-Gate


3.1.4. Diode-np-Special-Gate


3.1.5. Summary


3.1.6. Application


3.2. RT Technique


3.2.1. Impedance Transformer (Emitter Repeater)


3.2.2. Negator


3.2.3. Transistor-S-Gate (Sheffer's Line)


3.2.4. Transistor-P-Gate


3.2.5. Transistor-SP-Gate


3.2.6. Transistor-PS-Gate


3.2.7. Summary


3.2.8. Application


3.3. RDT Technique


3.4. RCD, RCT and RCDT Technique


3.4.1. Diode Pulse Gate


3.4.2. Diode Pulse Gate with Control Input


3.4.3. Diode Gate with Cycle Input


3.4.4. Summary


3.5. Comparison


3.5.1. RD Technique


3.5.2. RT Technique


3.5.3. RDT Technique


3.5.4. RCD Technique


3.5.5. RCT Technique


3.5.6. RCDT Technique


3.5.7. Evaluation


4. Elementary Circuits


4.1. Switching Step


4.1.1. Working Points of the Transistor


4.1.2. Derivation of Equations for the Calculation of a Switching Step


4.1.3. Control of the Switching Step


4.1.4. Current Control Factor of the Switching Step


4.1.5. Characteristics for the Dimensioning of Switching Steps


4.2. Elementary Practical Circuits


4.2.1. Negator


4.2.2. Bistable Multivibrator


4.2.3. Monostable Multivibrator


4.2.4. Astable Multivibrator


4.2.5. Schmitt Trigger


4.2.6. Impedance Transformers


4.2.7. Logical Connections


4.2.8. Other Elementary Circuits


5. Choice of Operating Voltages


6. System Design


6.1. Choice of Elementary Circuits


6.2. Fixation of the Potential Scheme


6.3. Examples of Connection


7. Electronic Assemblies


7.1. Conversion


7.1.1. Conversion Decimal→Binary


7.1.2. Conversion Decimal→Biquinary


7.1.3. Conversion Decimal→2 of 5


7.1.4. Conversion Binary→Decimal


7.1.5. Conversion Biquinary→Decimal


7.1.6. Conversion 2 of 5→Decimal


7.2. Storage


7.2.1. Parallel-Series Storage Device


7.2.2. Parallel Storage Device


7.2.3. Series Storage Device


7.2.4. Series-Parallel Storage Device


7.3. Counting


7.3.1. Counting Chain with n + 1 Terms


7.3.2. Decadic Ring-Counting Chain


7.3.3. Biquinary Ring-Counting Chain


7.3.4. Binary Counting Chain


7.3.5. Binary-Coded Counting Chain


7.3.6. Arrangement of m Counting Chains


7.3.7. Arrangement of a Counting Chain with m Storage Decades


7.3.8. Counting Chain for Forward and Backward Counting


7.3.9. Statically Coupled Ring Counting Chain


7.3.10. 2 of 5 Ring-Counting Chain


7.4. Computing Technique


7.4.1. Addition of Two Binary Digits (Half Adder)


7.4.2. Addition of Three Binary Digits (Full Adder)


7.4.3. Addition of Two Binary Numbers (Parallel Operation)


7.4.4. Addition of Two Binary Numbers (Series Operation)


7.4.5. Multiplication of Two Binary Numbers (Parallel Operation)


7.4.6. Multiplication of Two Binary Numbers (Series Operation)


7.4.7. Storing-In, Storing and Storing-Out


7.5. Different Assemblies


7.5.1. Circuit Arrangement for the Generation of Dial-Tone Pulses


7.5.2. Pulse Transmitter


7.5.3. Control of an Escalator


8. Principles of Design


8.1. General


8.2. Conductor Plate Design

References