Tip Growth in Plant and Fungal Cells

1st Edition - October 28, 1990
Imprint: Academic Press
Editor: I. B. Heath
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 0 4 6 5 - 9
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 1 - 4 8 3 2 - 1 8 0 8 - 3

Tip Growth in Plant and Fungal Cells covers the basis of the cellular processes of tip growing plants. The book discusses the role of cell wall architecture in fungal tip growth… Read more

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Tip Growth in Plant and Fungal Cells covers the basis of the cellular processes of tip growing plants. The book discusses the role of cell wall architecture in fungal tip growth generation; the enzymology of tip growth in fungi; and the electrobiology of apical growth. The text also describes the role of calcium ions in tip growth of pollen tubes and moss protonema cells; the role of actin in tip growth; and the significance of microtubules in the organization of the cytoplasm and the regulation of tip growth. The role of the endomembrane system of plants and fungi in surface generation in tip-growing cells; the role of vesicles in apical growth; and a new mathematical model of hyphal morphogenesis are considered. The book further demonstrates a comparison of tip growth in prokaryotic and eukaryotic filamentous microorganisms; tip growth and transition to secondary wall synthesis in developing cotton hairs; and neuronal tip growth. The text then encompasses secretion and organelle biogenesis, with emphasis on problems in targeting proteins to specific subcellular compartments. Botanists, microbiologists, geneticists, molecular biologists, cellular biologists, plant pathologists, and people involved in agricultural research will find the book invaluable.

Preface

1 Role of Cell Wall Architecture in Fungal Tip Growth Generation

I. Introduction

II. General View of Fungal Wall Architecture

III. Biosynthesis of Chitin/ß-Glucan Complex

IV. Wall Growth until Rigidification Occurs

V. Protein Secretion through Fungal Walls

VI. Conclusion

References

2 Enzymology of Tip Growth in Fungi

I. Introduction

II. Cell Wall-Synthetic Enzymes

III. Cell Wall-Lytic Enzymes

IV. Phosphatases

V. Apical Growth and Secretion of Digestive Enzymes

VI. Proton ATPase

VII. Calcium Transport Proteins and Calmodulin

VIII. Cytoskeleton-Binding Proteins

IX. Conclusions

References

3 Tips and Currents: Electrobiology of Apical Growth

I. Introduction: Growth Currents

II. Fucoid Algae and Cell Polarization

III. Proton Circulation of Achlya and Fungi

IV. Currents and Calcium in Pollen Tube Extension

V. Bicarbonate Transport and pH Banding in Characean Algae

VI. Biological Effects of Applied Electric Fields

VII. So Why Do Cells Drive Electric Currents through Themselves?

References

4 Role of Calcium Ions in Tip Growth of Pollen Tubes and Moss Protonema Cells

I. Introduction

II. Role of Calcium in Pollen Tube Growth

III. Role of Calcium in Moss Tip Cell Growth

IV Discussion

References

5 Role of Actin in Tip Growth

I. Introduction

II. Actin

III. Actin Cytoskeletons

IV. Localization of Actin in Cells

V. Distribution of Actin in Nonanimal Cells

VI. Localization of Actin-Associated Proteins in Nonanimal Cells

VII. Experimental Studies on Tip Growth

VIII. Role of Actin in Tip Growth

References

6 Microtubules in Tip Growth Systems

I. Introduction

II. Microtubules

III. Various Systems

IV. Cytoplasmic Organization

V. Microtubular Organization

VI. Interactions and Regulatory Functions

VII. Prospects

References

7 Endomembrane System of Plants and Fungi

I. Introduction

II. Nuclear Envelope

III. Endoplasmic Reticulum

IV. Transition Vesicles

V. 16° Intermediate Compartment

VI. Golgi Apparatus

VII. Golgi Apparatus Shuttle Vesicles of Intercompartment Golgi Apparatus Transfer

VIII. Trans Golgi Apparatus Network

IX. Golgi Apparatus Equivalents

X. Secretory Vesicles

XI. Control of Endomembrane Function

XII. Role of N-Ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Factor

XIII. Secretory Vesicle Formation/Fusion with Plasma Membrane .

XIV. Concluding Comments

References

8 Role of Vesicles in Apical Growth and a New Mathematical Model of Hyphal Morphogenesis

I. Vesicles: Experimental Findings

II. Vesicles as Units of Cell Wall Growth

III. Vesicles: Role in Morphogenesis

IV. Vesicles: Role in Fungal Evolution

V. Vesicle-Based Computer Simulation of Hyphal Morphogenesis

VI. Universality of the Mathematical Model

VII. Conclusions

References

9 Comparison of Tip Growth in Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Filamentous Microorganisms

I. Introduction

II. Apical Extension of Actinomycete Hyphae

III. Mathematical Modeling of Hyphal Tip Shape

IV. Tip Growth and Mycelial Growth Kinetics

V. Duplication Cycle

VI. Hyphal Extension Rate

VII. Concluding Remarks

References

10 Tip Growth and Transition to Secondary Wall Synthesis in Developing Cotton Hairs

I. Introduction

II. Characteristics of Fiber Growth and Development

III. Conclusions

References

11 Neuronal Tip Growth

I. Introduction

II. Overview

III. Neurons Are Highly Compartmentalized Cells

IV. Cell Body Initiates Neuronal Tip Growth

V. Dendrites

VI. Cytoskeleton of the Axon Shaft Underlies Its Structural and Logistic Roles

VII. Motility and Mass Addition at the Growth Cone

VIII. Speculative Summary

References

12 Secretion and Organelle Biogenesis: Problems in Targeting Proteins to Specific Subcellular Compartments

I. Introduction

II. Secretory Pathway

III. Peroxisomes

IV. Mitochondria

V. Special Translocation Mechanisms

References

Index

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Tip Growth in Plant and Fungal Cells

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