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The Scientist's Guide to Cardiac Metabolism

1st Edition - November 4, 2015

Editors: Michael Schwarzer, Torsten Doenst

Paperback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 2 3 9 4 - 5

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 2 6 1 4 - 4

The Scientists Guide to Cardiac Metabolism combines the basic concepts of substrate metabolism, regulation, and interaction within the cell and the organism to provide a… Read more

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The Scientists Guide to Cardiac Metabolism

combines the basic concepts of substrate metabolism, regulation, and interaction within the cell and the organism to provide a comprehensive introduction into the basics of cardiac metabolism.

This important reference is the perfect tool for newcomers in cardiac metabolism, providing a basic understanding of the metabolic processes and enabling the newcomer to immediately communicate with the expert as substrate/energy metabolism becomes part of projects.

The book is written by established experts in the field, bringing together all the concepts of cardiac metabolism, its regulation, and the impact of disease.

List of Contributors
Foreword
Chapter 1: Introduction to Cardiac Metabolism
- Abstract
Chapter 2: Basics in Metabolically Relevant Biochemistry
- Abstract
- Carbohydrates
- Glycogen as endogenous glucose storage
- Lactate
- Fatty acids
- Ketone bodies
- Amino acids – building blocks for proteins
- Branched chain amino acids
- Cellular uptake of metabolic substrates
- Enzyme activities and their regulation
- ATP generation through substrate-level phosphorylation and at the proton production level
Chapter 3: Metabolically Relevant Cell Biology – Role of Intracellular Organelles for Cardiac Metabolism
- Abstract
- Cellular compartments
- Cytosol
- Mitochondria: MPTP opening, fusion, fission, mitophagy, and mitobiogenesis
- Peroxisomes
- Endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum
- Ribosomes and metabolism-regulated protein synthesis
- Cell death: necrosis, apoptosis, necroptosis
Chapter 4: Metabolic Pathways and Cycles
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Lipids and fatty acids
- Fatty acid oxidation
- Glucose utilization
- Glucose uptake and glycogen
- Glycolysis
- Pentose phosphate pathway
- Hexosamine biosynthesis pathway
- Amino acids
- Citric acid cycle
- Anaplerosis
- The respiratory chain
- Putting it all together
- Summary
Chapter 5: Principles in the Regulation of Cardiac Metabolism
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Pathways
- Control of enzyme activity
- Control of the overall flux through a pathway
- Conclusions
Chapter 6: Cardiac Metabolism During Development and Aging
- Abstract
- The fetal metabolism is different from maternal metabolism
- Neonatal energy metabolism
- Mitochondria during development
- Substrate metabolism in the elderly
Chapter 7: Methods to Investigate Cardiac Metabolism
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The sample
- Quantification of moieties and intermediates
- Measuring enzyme activity in vitro
- Transcriptomics and proteomics
- Metabolomics
- Assessing metabolic flux
- Integration of methods – mitochondrial research as an example
- Spectrophotometric assays of mitochondrial complex activities
- Assessing mitochondrial respiration by polarography
- Methods to assess additional aspects of mitochondrial structure and function
- Summary
Chapter 8: Models to Investigate Cardiac Metabolism
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Models of cardiac hypertrophy
- Models of heart failure
- Genetically determined cardiomyopathy
- Obesity and diabetes related models to assess cardiac metabolism
- Inflammatory cardiomyopathy
- Models to assess cardiac metabolism ex vivo – isolated heart perfusion
- Cell culture models
- Summary
Chapter 9: Diurnal Variation in Cardiac Metabolism
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Time-of-day-dependent oscillations in cardiac metabolism
- Extrinsic versus intrinsic influences
- Practical implications
- Summary
- Acknowledgment
Chapter 10: Nutritional and Environmental Influences on Cardiac Metabolism and Performance
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Diurnal variations
- Fasting and circulating fatty acid levels
- Exercise
- Cardiac metabolism in obesity and diabetes
- The western diet and dietary interventions
Chapter 11: Influence of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury on Cardiac Metabolism
- Abstract
- From bedside to bench: ischemia–reperfusion injury in the heart
- Vulnerability of the heart to ischemia–reperfusion injury
- Metabolic changes during ischemia
- Ischemia–reperfusion injury
- Cardioprotective signaling pathways in I/R injury
- Therapies and pharmacologic modulators of I/R injury
Chapter 12: Metabolic Remodeling in the Development of Heart Failure
- Abstract
- Substrate utilization
- Amino acid metabolism
- Anaplerosis
- The pentose phosphate pathway
- The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway
- Other cellular processes potentially linked to metabolic remodeling
- Conclusions
Chapter 13: Energetics in the Hypertrophied and Failing Heart
- Abstract
- The creatine kinase phosphagen system – the basics
- Impaired energetics in the failing heart
- Does impaired energetics cause cardiac dysfunction per se?
- Does impaired cardiac energetics contribute to progression of heart failure?
- Augmentation of cardiac energetics as a therapeutic strategy in the failing heart
- Cardiac energetics in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)
- Summary and conclusions
- Acknowledgment
Chapter 14: Cardiac Metabolism – The Link to Clinical Practice
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Noninvasive analysis of cardiac metabolism – imaging
- Therapeutic interventions – modulators of fatty acid uptake and metabolism
- Modulators of glucose uptake and metabolism
- Conclusions
Chapter 15: Historical Perspectives
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Energy substrate supply of the cardiac muscle – and its regulation
- Future prospects
Subject Index