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The Scientist's Guide to Cardiac Metabolism
1st Edition - November 4, 2015
Editors: Michael Schwarzer, Torsten Doenst
Paperback ISBN:9780128023945
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 2 3 9 4 - 5
eBook ISBN:9780128026144
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 2 6 1 4 - 4
The Scientists Guide to Cardiac Metabolism combines the basic concepts of substrate metabolism, regulation, and interaction within the cell and the organism to provide a… Read more
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The Scientists Guide to Cardiac Metabolism
combines the basic concepts of substrate metabolism, regulation, and interaction within the cell and the organism to provide a comprehensive introduction into the basics of cardiac metabolism.
This important reference is the perfect tool for newcomers in cardiac metabolism, providing a basic understanding of the metabolic processes and enabling the newcomer to immediately communicate with the expert as substrate/energy metabolism becomes part of projects.
The book is written by established experts in the field, bringing together all the concepts of cardiac metabolism, its regulation, and the impact of disease.
Provides a quick and comprehensive introduction into cardiac metabolism
Contains an integrated view on cardiac metabolism and its interrelation in metabolism with other organs
Presents insights into substrate metabolism in relation to intracellular organization and structure as well as whole organ function
Includes historical perspectives that reference important investigators that have contributed to the development of the field
scientists, researchers, and newcomers in cardiac metabolism
List of Contributors
Foreword
Chapter 1: Introduction to Cardiac Metabolism
Abstract
Chapter 2: Basics in Metabolically Relevant Biochemistry
Abstract
Carbohydrates
Glycogen as endogenous glucose storage
Lactate
Fatty acids
Ketone bodies
Amino acids – building blocks for proteins
Branched chain amino acids
Cellular uptake of metabolic substrates
Enzyme activities and their regulation
ATP generation through substrate-level phosphorylation and at the proton production level
Chapter 3: Metabolically Relevant Cell Biology – Role of Intracellular Organelles for Cardiac Metabolism
Abstract
Cellular compartments
Cytosol
Mitochondria: MPTP opening, fusion, fission, mitophagy, and mitobiogenesis
Peroxisomes
Endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum
Ribosomes and metabolism-regulated protein synthesis
Cell death: necrosis, apoptosis, necroptosis
Chapter 4: Metabolic Pathways and Cycles
Abstract
Introduction
Lipids and fatty acids
Fatty acid oxidation
Glucose utilization
Glucose uptake and glycogen
Glycolysis
Pentose phosphate pathway
Hexosamine biosynthesis pathway
Amino acids
Citric acid cycle
Anaplerosis
The respiratory chain
Putting it all together
Summary
Chapter 5: Principles in the Regulation of Cardiac Metabolism
Abstract
Introduction
Pathways
Control of enzyme activity
Control of the overall flux through a pathway
Conclusions
Chapter 6: Cardiac Metabolism During Development and Aging
Abstract
The fetal metabolism is different from maternal metabolism
Neonatal energy metabolism
Mitochondria during development
Substrate metabolism in the elderly
Chapter 7: Methods to Investigate Cardiac Metabolism
Abstract
Introduction
The sample
Quantification of moieties and intermediates
Measuring enzyme activity in vitro
Transcriptomics and proteomics
Metabolomics
Assessing metabolic flux
Integration of methods – mitochondrial research as an example
Spectrophotometric assays of mitochondrial complex activities
Assessing mitochondrial respiration by polarography
Methods to assess additional aspects of mitochondrial structure and function
Summary
Chapter 8: Models to Investigate Cardiac Metabolism
Abstract
Introduction
Models of cardiac hypertrophy
Models of heart failure
Genetically determined cardiomyopathy
Obesity and diabetes related models to assess cardiac metabolism
Inflammatory cardiomyopathy
Models to assess cardiac metabolism ex vivo – isolated heart perfusion
Cell culture models
Summary
Chapter 9: Diurnal Variation in Cardiac Metabolism
Abstract
Introduction
Time-of-day-dependent oscillations in cardiac metabolism
Extrinsic versus intrinsic influences
Practical implications
Summary
Acknowledgment
Chapter 10: Nutritional and Environmental Influences on Cardiac Metabolism and Performance
Abstract
Introduction
Diurnal variations
Fasting and circulating fatty acid levels
Exercise
Cardiac metabolism in obesity and diabetes
The western diet and dietary interventions
Chapter 11: Influence of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury on Cardiac Metabolism
Abstract
From bedside to bench: ischemia–reperfusion injury in the heart
Vulnerability of the heart to ischemia–reperfusion injury
Metabolic changes during ischemia
Ischemia–reperfusion injury
Cardioprotective signaling pathways in I/R injury
Therapies and pharmacologic modulators of I/R injury
Chapter 12: Metabolic Remodeling in the Development of Heart Failure
Abstract
Substrate utilization
Amino acid metabolism
Anaplerosis
The pentose phosphate pathway
The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway
Other cellular processes potentially linked to metabolic remodeling
Conclusions
Chapter 13: Energetics in the Hypertrophied and Failing Heart
Abstract
The creatine kinase phosphagen system – the basics
Impaired energetics in the failing heart
Does impaired energetics cause cardiac dysfunction per se?
Does impaired cardiac energetics contribute to progression of heart failure?
Augmentation of cardiac energetics as a therapeutic strategy in the failing heart
Cardiac energetics in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)
Summary and conclusions
Acknowledgment
Chapter 14: Cardiac Metabolism – The Link to Clinical Practice
Abstract
Introduction
Noninvasive analysis of cardiac metabolism – imaging
Therapeutic interventions – modulators of fatty acid uptake and metabolism
Modulators of glucose uptake and metabolism
Conclusions
Chapter 15: Historical Perspectives
Abstract
Introduction
Energy substrate supply of the cardiac muscle – and its regulation
Future prospects
Subject Index
No. of pages: 240
Language: English
Published: November 4, 2015
Imprint: Academic Press
Paperback ISBN: 9780128023945
eBook ISBN: 9780128026144
MS
Michael Schwarzer
Dr. Michael Schwarzer is the Research Director for the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery at Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Germany. He has contributed to over 20 publications and has an h-index: 9.
Affiliations and expertise
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany
TD
Torsten Doenst
Professor Doenst heads the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery at the University Hospital in Jena, where he places emphasis on an internationally comparable clinical performance, with a focus in the field of minimally invasive and complex valve surgery and the surgical treatment of heart failure, including ventricular assist devices and heart - and lung transplantation.
Affiliations and expertise
Director of the Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Jena, Germany, W3 Professor of Cardiac Surgery, Gottingen, Germany