The Physiology of Mosquitoes

Acknowledgments1. The Egg Embryonic Development Experimental Embryology Genetic Control of Development Structure and Properties of the Egg Shell Hatching2. Larval Nutrition, Excretion and Respiration Food Feeding Mechanism Structure of the Alimentary Canal Digestion and Absorption Nutritional Requirements Food Reserves Excretion and Detoxication Respiration3. Osmotic and Ionic Regulation of Body Fluids Uptake of Water and Salts Regulation of the Haemolymph The Mechanism of Regulation Larval Distribution in Nature4. Growth and Metamorphosis Larval Growth Effects of Temperature on Growth Rates Effects of the Environment on Structure Moulting, Pupation and Emergence The Imaginai Buds Development of the Central Nervous System and Compound Eyes Metamorphosis of the Alimentary Canal Metamorphosis of Other Organs Cytogenetic Aspects of Growth and Metamorphosis Maturation5. The Circulatory System Structure of the Dorsal Vessel and Other Organs Nature and Control of the Heart Beat6. Survival and Longevity Survival at Low Temperatures Survival of Aquatic Stages at High Temperatures Effects of Temperature and Humidity Upon Survival of Adults Longevity of Adults in Nature Acclimatization7. Adult Feeding Food Structure of the Mouthparts and Alimentary Canal Feeding Mechanism Sensory Aspects of Feeding The Salivary Glands and their Secretions Skin Reactions of the Host8. Adult Nutrition and Metabolism Digestion Nutrition and Metabolic Activity Nutritional Requirements for Reproduction Excretion9. Reproduction Structure of the Reproductive Organs The Male Reproductive System The Female Reproductive System Growth of the Egg Follicle Autogeny Hormonal Control of Ovary Development The Stomatogastric System and Endocrine Organs Experimental Evidence of Hormonal Control Ovulation and Fecundity Determination of Reproductive History10. Sense Organs The Compound Eyes Structure of the Compound Eyes Physiology of the Compound Eyes The Antennae Structure of the Flagellum Structure of Johnston's Organ The Sense of Hearing Contact Chemoreceptors of the Mouthparts and Legs Other Adult Sense Organs Larval Sense Organs11. Diapause Diapause and Quiescence in the Egg Stage Occurrence and Characteristics Hatching Stimulus Conditioning Reactivation Diapause in the Larval Stage Hibernation of Adults Aestivation of Adults12. Behavior of Larvae and Pupae13. Control of Adult Activity Circadian Rhythms Microclimate The Control of Swarming Conclusions14. Flight Behavior15. Host-Seeking Behavior The Biting Drive Responses to Individual Factors Experimental Procedure Responses to Heat Responses to Moisture Responses to Carbon Dioxide Responses to Odours Responses to Visual Factors Location of Sensilla Used in Host Finding and Probing Field Observations16. Reproductive Behavior Mating Swarming OvipositionPlatesAppendix. Systematic List of Species MentionedReferencesAuthor IndexSubject IndexSpecies Index