The New Public Health

4th Edition - January 21, 2023
Authors: Theodore H. Tulchinsky, Elena A. Varavikova, Matan J. Cohen
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 9 5 7 - 6
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 8 4 3 2 - 4

**Selected for Doody’s Core Titles® 2024 in Public Health**The New Public Health has established itself as a solid textbook throughout the world. Translated into seven langu… Read more

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**Selected for Doody’s Core Titles® 2024 in Public Health**

The New Public Health has established itself as a solid textbook throughout the world. Translated into seven languages, this work distinguishes itself from other public health textbooks, which are either highly locally oriented or, if international, lack the specificity of local issues relevant to students' understanding of applied public health in their own setting.

Fully revised, the Fourth Edition of The New Public Health provides a unified approach to public health appropriate for graduate students and advance undergraduate students especially for courses in MPH, community health, preventive medicine, community health education programs, community health nursing programs. It is also a valuable resource for health professionals requiring an overview of public health.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Companion Website
Copyright
Authors' dedications
In memoriam—dedication
About the authors
Foreword by Dr Peter J. Hotez
Preface to the New Public Health, Fourth Edition, 2023—trial by fire and moving forward
Preface to the New Public Health, Third Edition, 2014
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. A history of public health
Introduction
Prehistoric societies
The ancient world
The early medieval period (CE 5th to 10th centuries)
The late medieval period (11th to 15th centuries)
The Renaissance (1400 to 1600s)
Enlightenment, science, and revolution (1600 to 1800s)
Social reform and the sanitary movement (1830–75)
Social security
Hospital reform
The bacteriological revolution
Mental illness and mental health
Maternal and child health
Nutrition in public health
Military medicine
Globalization of health
Summary
Chapter 2. Expanding the concept of public health
Introduction
Concepts of public health
Evolution of public health
Health and disease
The natural history of disease
Society and health
Modes of prevention
Demographic and epidemiological transition
Interdependence of health services
Defining public health
The World Health Organization’s definition of health
Selective primary care
The risk approach
The case for action
Political economy and health
Social, behavioral, and political sciences
Health and development
Health systems: the case for reform
Advocacy and consumerism
Professional advocacy and resistance
Consumerism
The health field concept
The value of medical care in public health
Health targets
Individual and community participation in health
Human ecology and health promotion
Defining public health standards
Integrative approaches to public health
Achievements of public health in the 20th century
Public health in the 21st century
Universal health coverage
One Health
The New Public Health
Summary
Note
Chapter 3. Measuring, monitoring, and evaluating the health of a population
Introduction
Demography
Epidemiology
Definitions and methods of epidemiology
Sentinel events
Years of potential life lost
Measurement
Standardization of rates
Potential measurement errors
Screening for disease
Epidemiological studies
Analytical studies
Ecological studies
Cross-sectional or prevalence studies
Case–control studies
Cohort studies
Establishing causal relationships
Disease notification
Special registries and reporting systems
Mortality data reporting
Disease classification
Hospital discharge information
Health information systems (informatics)
WHO European Health for All database
Surveillance, reporting, and publication
Assessing individual health
Assessing population health
Health care financing and organization
From health information to knowledge and policy
Epidemiological ethics
Information for health planning and management
Evidence-based public health
Summary
Chapter 4. Communicable diseases
Introduction
Public health and the control of communicable diseases
The nature of communicable diseases
Host–agent–environment triad
Classifications of communicable diseases
Modes of disease transmission
Immunity
Surveillance
Health care-associated infections
Endemic and epidemic diseases
Control of communicable diseases
Vaccine preventable diseases
Connections between infectious and chronic diseases
Control, elimination, and eradication of infectious diseases
Inequalities in communicable disease control
Communicable disease control in the New Public Health
Summary
Note
Chapter 5. Noncommunicable diseases and conditions
Introduction
The rise and spread of chronic disease
Environment and lifestyle
Global burden of mortality
Risk factors, health promotion, and prevention of noncommunicable diseases
The social and economic burden of noncommunicable diseases
Health promotion and disease prevention
Hypertension and cardiovascular diseases
Diabetes mellitus
Cancer
Trauma, violence, and injury
Chronic lung disease
End-stage renal disease
Disabling conditions
Neurological disorders
Visual disorders
Hearing disorders
Noncommunicable diseases and the New Public Health
Integrated noncommunicable disease prevention and control
Summary
Note
Chapter 6. Family health and primary prevention
Introduction
The family unit
Preventive health through life stages
The family physician cannot do all this alone
Maternal health
Pregnancy care
Labor and delivery
Genetic and birth disorders
Infant and child health
Infant care and feeding
Anticipatory counseling
Documentation, records, and monitoring
Preschool children (age 1–5years)
School and adolescent health
Adult health
Women's health
Men's health
Older adult health
Summary
Note
Chapter 7. Special community health needs
Introduction
Mental health
Oral health
Physical disability and rehabilitation
Special group health needs
Military medicine
Health in disasters
Summary
Note
Chapter 8. Nutrition and food safety
Introduction
Development of nutrition in public health
Nutrition in a global context
Nutrition and infection
Functions of food
Human nutritional requirements
Growth
Measuring body mass
Recommended dietary intakes
Disorders of undernutrition
Diseases of overnutrition
Nutrition in pregnancy and lactation
Promoting healthy diets and healthy lifestyles
Dietary guidelines
Vitamin and mineral enrichment of basic foods
Genetically modified foods
Food and nutrition policy
US department of agriculture federal nutrition assistance programs
Nutrition monitoring and evaluation
Global nutrition targets for 2030
Food quality and safety
Nutrition and the new public health
Summary
Note
Chapter 9. Environmental and occupational health
Environmental health
Occupational health
Supplementary material
Chapter 10. Organization of public health systems
Introduction
Government and health of the nation
Professional functions of public health
Nongovernmental roles in health
Disasters and public health preparedness
Medical practice and public health
Incentives and regulation
National government public health services
State government public health services
Local health authorities
Accreditation of public health departments
Monitoring health status
National health targets
Universal health coverage and the New Public Health
Hospitals in the New Public Health
Innovations in health care delivery
The uninsured as a public health challenge
Summary
Note
Chapter 11. Measuring costs: the economics of health
Introduction
Economic issues in health systems
Basic concepts of health economics
Supply, need, demand, and utilization of health services
Competition in health care
Elasticity of demand
Measuring costs
Economic measures of health status
Cost–benefit analysis
Cost-effectiveness analysis
Basic assessment scheme for intervention costs and consequences
The value of human life
Health financing: the macroeconomic level
Costs of illness
Medical and hospital care: microeconomics
Health maintenance and managed care organizations
District health systems
Paying for hospital care
Capital costs
Hospital supply, utilization, and costs
Modified market forces
Economics of prevention
Game theory, economics, and health policy
Economics and the New Public Health
Summary
Note
Chapter 12. Planning and managing health systems
Introduction
Health policy and planning as context
The elements of organizations
Scientific management
Bureaucratic pyramidal organizations
Organizations as energy systems
Target-oriented management
Human relations management
Network organization
Total quality management
Changing human behavior
Empowerment
Strategic management of health systems
Health system organizational models
Skills for management
The chief executive officer of health organizations
Community participation
Integration: lateral and vertical
Norms and performance indicators
Health promotion and advocacy
Philanthropy and volunteerism
New organizational models
New projects and their evaluation
Competencies in health policy and management
Systems approach and national planning
Addressing future challenges
Summary
Note
Chapter 13. National health systems
Introduction
Health systems in high-income countries
Health systems in developing countries
Federal Republic of Nigeria
Latin America
Asia
Comparing national health systems
Reforming national health systems
Pandemic COVID-19 and health systems
Summary
Note
Chapter 14. Human resources for health
Introduction
Overview of human resources
Human resources planning
Medical education
Postgraduate medical training
Specialization and family practice
Training in preventive medicine
Nursing education
In-service and continuing education
Accreditation of health professional educational and training facilities
The range of health disciplines
Licensure and supervision
Constraints on health care providers
Other health professions
Expanding roles in primary care
Alternative medicine
Changing the balance
Education for public health and health management
Health policy and human resources management
Summary
Note
Chapter 15. Health technology, quality, law, and ethics
Introduction
Innovation, regulation, and quality control
Appropriate health technology
Dissemination of technology
Diffusion of technology
Quality assurance
Organization of care
Performance indicators
Consumerism and quality
The public interest
Total quality management
Public health law
Ethical issues in public health
Summary
Note
Chapter 16. Global health
Introduction
The global health situation
Priorities in global health
Development and health
Organization of international health
Trends in global health
Emerging infectious disease threats
Expanding national health capacity
Top-down and bottom-up development
Global epidemiology and the New Public Health
Summary
Note
Index

Theodore H. Tulchinsky

Theodore H. Tulchinsky (MD 1961 from the University of Toronto; MPH degree 1968 from Yale University). He participated in the introduction of universal health insurance in Saskatchewan (1962-66) and served as Deputy Minister of Health and Social Development in the Province of Manitoba, Canada (1972-76). After moving to Israel in 1976, he served as Director of Public Health in the Ministry of Health in Israel, then Coordinator for Health and Supervisor of Health in the West Bank and Gaza (1981-2014) with a focus on sanitation, immunization, nutrition, and primary care for maternal and child health especially. He taught in the International MPH program at the Braun School of Public Health at the Hebrew University from 1981 to 2016. He was a visiting consultant to the New York State Department of Health in the 1980s on community health worker programs and other topics as a Fulbright Scholar and Visiting Professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Public Health (1997-98). Ted led in developing a community health worker program for 11 low income housing projects in Los Angeles county; the program expanded during the COVID pandemic. Ted has published 110 articles in peer reviewed professional journals, and a number of book chapters on public health topics including polio, measles, tetanus, water borne diseases, immunization, nutrition, and environmental health. He has been active between 2000 and 2018 in promoting new schools of public health in former socialist countries of Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union and Central Asia, served on the Executive Board of the European Association of Schools of Public Health (ASPHER). He is lead author on the textbook The New Public Health (three editions in 1999, 2005, 2014); NPH has been translated and published in Russian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Moldovan, Romanian, Mongolian, Georgian, and Turkish languages. Ted was awarded the Andrija Stampar Medal in 2008 for "excellence in promoting public health education in Europe”, and was Deputy Editor of Public Health Reviews from 2010 to 2017. Ted published Case Studies in Public Health in 2018. Between 2010-2018, he led in development of Israel’s first bachelor degree program at Ashkelon College, as well as in developing an Erasmus funded project of cooperation between Israeli and European schools of public health.

Affiliations and expertise

Emeritus, Braun School of Public Health, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Hadassah Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel; Emeritus, School of Health Professions, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel

Elena A. Varavikova

Elena A. Varavikova is an MD from the I.M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy. She completed her Ph.D. in Moscow, an M.P.H. degree at the School of Public Health at the State University of New York in Albany, and postdoctoral studies at the Harvard University School of Public Health. She served as Chief of the Unit for Monitoring of Health and Preventable Deaths, Public Health Institute, Russia, as well as Associate Professor of Public Health at the Moscow Medical Academy. After a 4-year affiliation as a scientist for the World Health Organization, HQ, Geneva, Switzerland, she returned to Russia to work in the Ministry of Health and Social Development in the Department for International Collaboration in Public Health, and later in the Federal Agency for High-tech Medical Care. Dr. Varavikova is now a State Adviser for the Russian Federation. She has managed and participated in number of projects in many countries and has published on public health topics including health policy, population health, future studies and globalization, health technology assessment, and professional education.

Affiliations and expertise

Leading Researcher, Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Information, FRIHOI, Moscow, Russian Federation

Matan J. Cohen

Dr. Matan Cohen, MD, MPH, PhD, is an associate professor at the Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel. Clinical fields: Internal Medicine, Infectious diseases, Primary Care. Teaching: EBM and clinical epidemiology, public health, clinical medicine practice and skills. Research interests: infectious diseases and infection control, preventable harm.

Affiliations and expertise

Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

The New Public Health

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Theodore H. Tulchinsky

Elena A. Varavikova

Matan J. Cohen

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