The Endocannabinoidome

The World of Endocannabinoids and Related Mediators

1st Edition - September 18, 2014
Editors: Vincenzo Di Marzo, Jenny Wang
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 2 0 1 2 6 - 2
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 0 0 4 2 9 - 6

The Endocannabinoidome: The World of Endocannabinoids and Related Mediators is dedicated to the latest research and studies on endocannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors to ill… Read more

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The Endocannabinoidome: The World of Endocannabinoids and Related Mediators is dedicated to the latest research and studies on endocannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors to illustrate their important role in the discovery of new, endocannabinoid-related, lipid mediators. Written by leading experts across different disciplines, this book focuses on the biochemical and anlayticial aspects of novel lipid signals, their pharmacological activities and their potential utilization for the development of new and effective therapeutic strategies. The first book of its kind, The Endocannabinoidome is a meaningful reference for all those involved in experimental efforts to further the development of this field.

Dedications
Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1: Non-endocannabinoid N-Acylethanolamines and Monoacylglycerols: Old Molecules New Targets
- Abstract
- 1.1. Introduction
- 1.2. Formation and degradation of N-acylethanolamines
- 1.3. Biological roles and drug targets of non-endocannabinoid N-acylethanolamines
- 1.4. Formation and degradation of non-endocannabinoid 2-monoacylglycerols
- 1.5. Biological roles and drug targets of non-endocannabinoid 2-monoacylglycerols
- 1.6. Conclusion
- Acknowledgment
Chapter 2: Omega-3 Polyunsaturated N-Acylethanolamines: A Link Between Diet and Cellular Biology
- Abstract
- 2.1. Introduction
- 2.2. Modulation of the endocannabinoidome by dietary fatty acids – biochemical aspects
- 2.3. Effects of diet – animal studies
- 2.4. Effects of diet – human data
- 2.5. In vitro formation of n-3 fatty acid derived amides
- 2.6. Biological effects of n-3 fatty acid derived NAEs and other amides
- 2.7. Conclusions and future perspectives
Chapter 3: N-Acyl Amides: Ubiquitous Endogenous Cannabimimetic Lipids That Are in the Right Place at the Right Time
- Abstract
- 3.1. N-acyl amides: all in the family
- 3.2. GPR18
- 3.3. N-acyl amides/endogenous cannabinoids that activate TRP receptors
- 3.4. N-acyl amide/eCBs with not yet identified phytocannabinoid ligands
- 3.5. Nowhere to go but up
Chapter 4: Oxidative Metabolites of Endocannabinoids Formed by Cyclooxygenase-2
- Abstract
- 4.1. COX-2 metabolism of endocannabinoids
- 4.2. Analysis of ECs and their COX-2 metabolites
- 4.3. Tools to study PG-G and PG-EA functions
- 4.4. Biological effects of PG-Gs and PG-EAs
- 4.5. Perspective
Chapter 5: N-Acyldopamines and N-Acylserotonins: From Synthetic Pharmacological Tools to Endogenous Multitarget Mediators
- Abstract
- 5.1. Introduction
- 5.2. N-acyldopamines
- 5.3. N-acylserotonins
- 5.4. Conclusions
Chapter 6: The Pharmacology of Prostaglandin F_2α Ethanolamide and Bimatoprost Reveals a Unique Feedback Mechanism on Endocannabinoid Actions
- Abstract
- 6.1. Introduction
- 6.2. Pharmacology
- 6.3. Endogenous prostamide PGF2α
- 6.4. Prostamide receptor detection
- 6.5. Biological function and therapeutics
- Acknowledgment
Chapter 7: Prostamide F_2α Biosynthesizing Enzymes
- Abstract
- 7.1. Introduction
- 7.2. PGF synthases belonging to the aldo-keto reductase superfamily: molecular structure and properties
- 7.3. Prostamide/PGF synthase: properties
- 7.4. AKR1C3 and related PGF synthases and prostamide/PGF synthase: substrates and inhibitors
- 7.5. Comparative distribution of AKR1C3 and related AKR enzymes with prostamide/PGF synthase
- 7.6. Prostamide/PGF synthase AKR1C3 and related PGF synthases and their relation to biological function and therapeutics
Chapter 8: Metabolic Enzymes for Endocannabinoids and Endocannabinoid-Like Mediators
- Abstract
- 8.1. Introduction
- 8.2. Enzymes for the biosynthesis of N-acylethanolamines
- 8.3. Enzymes for the degradation of N-acylethanolamines
- 8.4. Enzymes for the biosynthesis of 2-AG
- 8.5. Enzymes for the degradation of 2-AG
- 8.6. Perspectives
Chapter 9: Endocannabinoidomics: “Omics” Approaches Applied to Endocannabinoids and Endocannabinoid-Like Mediators
- Abstract
- 9.1. Introduction
- 9.2. Biochemistry and pharmacology of endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-related compounds
- 9.3. Lipidomics in “endocannabinoidomics”: mass-spectrometric approaches for endocannabinoid and endocannabinoid-like molecule quantification
- 9.4. New frontiers
- 9.5. Conclusions
Chapter 10: Common Receptors for Endocannabinoid-Like Mediators and Plant Cannabinoids
- Abstract
- 10.1. Introduction
- 10.2. CB1 and CB2 receptors
- 10.3. Beyond CB1 and CB2 receptors: cannabinoid receptor-like GPCR
- 10.4. Ligand- and voltage-gated ion channels
- 10.5. Nuclear hormone receptors
- 10.6. Amplification of endocannabinoid tone
- 10.7. Concluding remarks
Index

Vincenzo Di Marzo

Dr. Di Marzo has been invited to over 100 International conferences, including a plenary lecture at the Seventh International Conference on Eicosanoids and Other Bioactive Lipids in Cancer and Inflammation, in Nashville in October 2001, the Opening Lecture at the School of Neuroscience, held in Catania, July, 2003, a plenary lecture at the Italian Academy of Sciences (Academia Nazionale dei Lincei), in Rome, November 2004, a key note lecture at the 2nd Conference on Non-Mammalian Eicosanoids, Berlin, May 2006, plenary lectures at the 2nd and 3rd Gordon Conference on Cannabinoid function in the brain, Switzerland, 2007 and USA, 2009, a plenary lecture at the XIX National Meeting on Medicinal Chemistry in Verona, September 2008, and a plenary lecture at the 2012 International Conference of PAIN (IASP) held in Milan, August 28. He has been Co-chair at the 4th Gordon Conference on “Cannabinoid function in the brain”, Les Diablerets, Switzerland, May 2011.

Affiliations and expertise

Research Director, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry of the National Research Council (ICB-CNR), Naples, Italy; Adjunct Associate Professor, Virginia Commonwealth University; Director, Global Pre-Clinical Research Programme, GW Pharmaceuticals, Wiltshire, UK

Jenny Wang

Jenny W. Wang obtained a BS from Peking University in China, a MS from the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) in the USA, and a Ph.D. from the University of Aberdeen in the UK. Dr. Wang’s professional discipline includes biochemistry, molecular/cellular biology, and pharmacology with experience in anti-cancer, potassium channel, retinoid, and eicosanoid research. She gained extensive knowledge on RNA, DNA, protein, lipid, and assay development while working at City of Hope, California Institute of Technology, Beckman Instruments and Allergan Inc. Dr. Wang is a researcher with a passion in drug discovery. She is currently a Research Investigator on the fatty acid amides program and the team leader on prostamides for hair growth at Allergan, California, USA, where she particularly focuses on eicosanoid research. Her major current therapeutic interests are inflammation and hair growth. In addition to her own research, Dr. Wang enjoys the interaction with academic collaborators and contract research organizations. Dr. Wang is an author of 30 peer-reviewed publications, an inventor on 34 patents (3 granted, 18 published, 13 pending), and has been invited speaker/session chairman at various scientific meetings.

Affiliations and expertise

Research Investigator, Department of Biological Sciences, Allergan, Inc., Irvine, CA

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