The Ecology of Sandy Shores
- 2nd Edition - December 5, 2014
- Authors: A.C. Brown, Anton McLachlan
- Language: English
The Ecology of Sandy Shores provides the students and researchers with a one-volume resource for understanding the conservation and management of the sandy shore ecosystem. Coveri… Read more
The Ecology of Sandy Shores provides the students and researchers with a one-volume resource for understanding the conservation and management of the sandy shore ecosystem. Covering all beach types, and addressing issues from the behavioral and physiological adaptations of the biota to exploring the effects of pollution and the impact of man's activities, this book should become the standard reference for those interested in Sandy Shore study, management and preservation.
- More than 25% expanded from the previous edition
- Three entirely new chapters: Energetics and Nutrient Cycling, Turtles and Terrestrial Vertebrates, and Benthic Macrofauna Populations
- New sections on the interstitial environment, seagrasses, human impacts and coastal zone management
- Examples drawn from virtually all parts of the world, considering all beach types from the most exposed to the most sheltered
Senior undergraduate and postgraduate students in marine biology, researchers in marine and coastal ecology, coastal zone managers
1. Introduction
2. The Physical Environment
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Sand
2.3 Waves
2.4 Other drivers of water movement
2.5 Sand transport
2.6 Interactions between beach slope, waves, tides and sand
2.7 Beach indices
2.8 Beach types
2.9 Circulation cells and mixing
2.10 Embayments and headlands
2.11 Swash climate
2.12 Slope
2.13 Latitudinal effects
2.14 Conclusions
3. The Interstitial Environment
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Characteristics of the system
3.3 Processes of water input
3.4 Water filtration
3.5 Water table fluctuations
3.6 Interstitial chemistry
3.7 The interstitial environment
3.8 Conclusions
4. Beach and Surf Zone Flora
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Benthic microflora
4.3 Surf-zone phytoplankton
4.4 Seagrasses
4.5 Conclusions
5. Sandy Beach Invertebrates
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Important groups
5.3 Conclusions
6. Adaptation to Sandy Beach Life
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Locomotion
6.3 Rhythms of activity
6.4 Sensory responses and orientation
6.5 Choice of habitat
6.6 Nutrition
6.7 Respiration
6.8 Environmental tolerances
6.9 Reproduction
6.10 Aggregations and gregariousness
6.11 Avoidance of predators
6.12 Phenotypic plasticity
6.13 Conclusions
7. Benthic Macrofauna Communities
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Sampling
7.3 Taxonomic composition
7.4 Macroscale patterns
7.5 Mesoscale patterns
7.6 Microscale patterns
7.7 Trophic relations
7.8 Conclusions
8. Benthic Macrofauna Populations
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Macroscale patterns
8.3 Mesoscale patterns
8.4 Microscale patterns
8.5 Invertebrate fisheries
8.6 Conclusions
9. Interstitial Ecology
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Interstitial climate
9.3 Sampling
9.4 Interstitial biota
9.5 Distribution of interstitial fauna
9.6 Temporal changes
9.7 Meiofaunal communities
9.8 Trophic relations
9.9 Biological interactions
9.10 Meiofauna and pollution
9.11 Conclusions
10. Surf Zone Fauna
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Zooplankton
10.3 Fishes
10.4 Other groups
10.5 Conclusions
11. Turtles and Terrestrial Vertebrates
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Turtles
11.3 Birds
11.4 Conclusions
12. Energetics and Nutrient Cycling
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Food sources
12.3 Macroscopic food chains
12.4 Interstitial food chains
12.5 The microbial loop in surf waters
12.6 Energy flow in beach and surf-zone ecosystems
12.7 Case study: sandy beaches of the Eastern Cape
12.8 Nutrient cycling
12.9 Conclusions
13. Coastal Dune Ecosystems and Dune-beach Interactions
13.1 Introduction
13.2 The physical environment
13.3 Coastal dune formation by vegetation
13.4 Dune types
13.5 Edaphic features
13.6 Water
13.7 The gradient across coastal dunefields
13.8 Dune vegetation
13.9 The fauna
13.10 Food chains
13.11 Dune/beach exchanges
13.12 A case study of dune/beach exchanges
13.13 Conclusions
14. Human Impacts
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Pollution
14.3 Recreational activities
14.4 Global warming
14.5 Direct human pressure
14.6 Altering the landscape
14.7 Natural impacts
14.8 Human influence on the evolution of beaches
14.9 Conclusions
15. Coastal Zone Management
15.1 Introduction
15.2 The littoral active zone
15.3 Summary of threats
15.4 Principles of coastal zone management
15.5 Management, planning and implementation
15.6 Case studies
15.7 Conservation
15.8 Conclusions
16. Glossary
17. References
18. Appendices
Appendix 1. Measures of beach type
Appendix 2. The chemical environment of sediments
2. The Physical Environment
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Sand
2.3 Waves
2.4 Other drivers of water movement
2.5 Sand transport
2.6 Interactions between beach slope, waves, tides and sand
2.7 Beach indices
2.8 Beach types
2.9 Circulation cells and mixing
2.10 Embayments and headlands
2.11 Swash climate
2.12 Slope
2.13 Latitudinal effects
2.14 Conclusions
3. The Interstitial Environment
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Characteristics of the system
3.3 Processes of water input
3.4 Water filtration
3.5 Water table fluctuations
3.6 Interstitial chemistry
3.7 The interstitial environment
3.8 Conclusions
4. Beach and Surf Zone Flora
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Benthic microflora
4.3 Surf-zone phytoplankton
4.4 Seagrasses
4.5 Conclusions
5. Sandy Beach Invertebrates
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Important groups
5.3 Conclusions
6. Adaptation to Sandy Beach Life
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Locomotion
6.3 Rhythms of activity
6.4 Sensory responses and orientation
6.5 Choice of habitat
6.6 Nutrition
6.7 Respiration
6.8 Environmental tolerances
6.9 Reproduction
6.10 Aggregations and gregariousness
6.11 Avoidance of predators
6.12 Phenotypic plasticity
6.13 Conclusions
7. Benthic Macrofauna Communities
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Sampling
7.3 Taxonomic composition
7.4 Macroscale patterns
7.5 Mesoscale patterns
7.6 Microscale patterns
7.7 Trophic relations
7.8 Conclusions
8. Benthic Macrofauna Populations
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Macroscale patterns
8.3 Mesoscale patterns
8.4 Microscale patterns
8.5 Invertebrate fisheries
8.6 Conclusions
9. Interstitial Ecology
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Interstitial climate
9.3 Sampling
9.4 Interstitial biota
9.5 Distribution of interstitial fauna
9.6 Temporal changes
9.7 Meiofaunal communities
9.8 Trophic relations
9.9 Biological interactions
9.10 Meiofauna and pollution
9.11 Conclusions
10. Surf Zone Fauna
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Zooplankton
10.3 Fishes
10.4 Other groups
10.5 Conclusions
11. Turtles and Terrestrial Vertebrates
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Turtles
11.3 Birds
11.4 Conclusions
12. Energetics and Nutrient Cycling
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Food sources
12.3 Macroscopic food chains
12.4 Interstitial food chains
12.5 The microbial loop in surf waters
12.6 Energy flow in beach and surf-zone ecosystems
12.7 Case study: sandy beaches of the Eastern Cape
12.8 Nutrient cycling
12.9 Conclusions
13. Coastal Dune Ecosystems and Dune-beach Interactions
13.1 Introduction
13.2 The physical environment
13.3 Coastal dune formation by vegetation
13.4 Dune types
13.5 Edaphic features
13.6 Water
13.7 The gradient across coastal dunefields
13.8 Dune vegetation
13.9 The fauna
13.10 Food chains
13.11 Dune/beach exchanges
13.12 A case study of dune/beach exchanges
13.13 Conclusions
14. Human Impacts
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Pollution
14.3 Recreational activities
14.4 Global warming
14.5 Direct human pressure
14.6 Altering the landscape
14.7 Natural impacts
14.8 Human influence on the evolution of beaches
14.9 Conclusions
15. Coastal Zone Management
15.1 Introduction
15.2 The littoral active zone
15.3 Summary of threats
15.4 Principles of coastal zone management
15.5 Management, planning and implementation
15.6 Case studies
15.7 Conservation
15.8 Conclusions
16. Glossary
17. References
18. Appendices
Appendix 1. Measures of beach type
Appendix 2. The chemical environment of sediments
- Edition: 2
- Published: December 5, 2014
- Language: English
AB
A.C. Brown
Affiliations and expertise
Sultan Qaboos University, Oman, & University of Cape Town, South AfricaAM
Anton McLachlan
Dr McLachlan has had a long and established career in beach ecology. He has worked around the world and has headed up multiple departments and research institutions including: the Director for the Institute for Coastal Research, Chair of the Dept. of Zoology and has held a number of Dean positions at Sultan Qaboos University in Oman. He has over 90 publications to date.
Affiliations and expertise
Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, South AfricaRead The Ecology of Sandy Shores on ScienceDirect