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The Definitive Guide to ARM® Cortex®-M3 and Cortex®-M4 Processors
- 3rd Edition - October 6, 2013
- Author: Joseph Yiu
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 0 8 0 8 2 - 9
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 0 7 9 1 8 - 2
This new edition has been fully revised and updated to include extensive information on the ARM Cortex-M4 processor, providing a complete up-to-date guide to both Cortex-M3 and Co… Read more
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Request a sales quoteThis new edition has been fully revised and updated to include extensive information on the ARM Cortex-M4 processor, providing a complete up-to-date guide to both Cortex-M3 and Cortex-M4 processors, and which enables migration from various processor architectures to the exciting world of the Cortex-M3 and M4.
This book presents the background of the ARM architecture and outlines the features of the processors such as the instruction set, interrupt-handling and also demonstrates how to program and utilize the advanced features available such as the Memory Protection Unit (MPU).Chapters on getting started with IAR, Keil, gcc and CooCox CoIDE tools help beginners develop program codes. Coverage also includes the important areas of software development such as using the low power features, handling information input/output, mixed language projects with assembly and C, and other advanced topics.
- Two new chapters on DSP features and CMSIS-DSP software libraries, covering DSP fundamentals and how to write DSP software for the Cortex-M4 processor, including examples of using the CMSIS-DSP library, as well as useful information about the DSP capability of the Cortex-M4 processor
- A new chapter on the Cortex-M4 floating point unit and how to use it
- A new chapter on using embedded OS (based on CMSIS-RTOS), as well as details of processor features to support OS operations
- Various debugging techniques as well as a troubleshooting guide in the appendix
- Topics on software porting from other architectures
- A full range of easy-to-understand examples, diagrams and quick reference appendices
Embedded systems engineers, programmers, designers, developers and architects; embedded product developers in, e.g., the mobile communications, consumer products, automotive, remote monitoring, and medical equipment sectors.
Foreword
Preface
Synopsis
About this Book
Contributor Bio-Paul Beckmann
Acknowledgments
Terms and Abbreviations
Conventions
Chapter 1. Introduction to ARM® Cortex®-M Processors
Abstract
1.1 What are the ARM® Cortex®-M processors?
1.2 Advantages of the Cortex®-M processors
1.3 Applications of the ARM® Cortex®-M processors
1.4 Resources for using ARM® processors and ARM microcontrollers
1.5 Background and history
Chapter 2. Introduction to Embedded Software Development
Abstract
2.1 What are inside typical ARM® microcontrollers?
2.2 What you need to start
2.3 Software development flow
2.4 Compiling your applications
2.5 Software flow
2.6 Data types in C programming
2.7 Inputs, outputs, and peripherals accesses
2.8 Microcontroller interfaces
2.9 The Cortex® microcontroller software interface standard (CMSIS)
Chapter 3. Technical Overview
Abstract
3.1 General information about the Cortex®-M3 and Cortex-M4 processors
3.2 Features of the Cortex®-M3 and Cortex-M4 processors
Chapter 4. Architecture
Abstract
4.1 Introduction to the architecture
4.2 Programmer’s model
4.3 Behavior of the application program status register (APSR)
4.4 Memory system
4.5 Exceptions and interrupts
4.6 System control block (SCB)
4.7 Debug
4.8 Reset and reset sequence
Chapter 5. Instruction Set
Abstract
5.1 Background to the instruction set in ARM® Cortex®-M processors
5.2 Comparison of the instruction set in ARM® Cortex®-M processors
5.3 Understanding the assembly language syntax
5.4 Use of a suffix in instructions
5.5 Unified assembly language (UAL)
5.6 Instruction set
5.7 Cortex®-M4-specific instructions
5.8 Barrel shifter
5.9 Accessing special instructions and special registers in programming
Chapter 6. Memory System
Abstract
6.1 Overview of memory system features
6.2 Memory map
6.3 Connecting the processor to memory and peripherals
6.4 Memory requirements
6.5 Memory endianness
6.6 Data alignment and unaligned data access support
6.7 Bit-band operations
6.8 Default memory access permissions
6.9 Memory access attributes
6.10 Exclusive accesses
6.11 Memory barriers
6.12 Memory system in a microcontroller
Chapter 7. Exceptions and Interrupts
Abstract
7.1 Overview of exceptions and interrupts
7.2 Exception types
7.3 Overview of interrupt management
7.4 Definitions of priority
7.5 Vector table and vector table relocation
7.6 Interrupt inputs and pending behaviors
7.7 Exception sequence overview
7.8 Details of NVIC registers for interrupt control
7.9 Details of SCB registers for exception and interrupt control
7.10 Details of special registers for exception or interrupt masking
7.11 Example procedures in setting up interrupts
7.12 Software interrupts
7.13 Tips and hints
Chapter 8. Exception Handling in Detail
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Exception sequences
8.3 Interrupt latency and exception handling optimization
Chapter 9. Low Power and System Control Features
Abstract
9.1 Low power designs
9.2 Low power features
9.3 Using WFI and WFE instructions in programming
9.4 Developing low power applications
9.5 The SysTick timer
9.6 Self-reset
9.7 CPU ID base register
9.8 Configuration control register
9.9 Auxiliary control register
9.10 Co-processor access control register
Chapter 10. OS Support Features
Abstract
10.1 Overview of OS support features
10.2 Shadowed stack pointer
10.3 SVC exception
10.4 PendSV exception
10.5 Context switching in action
10.6 Exclusive accesses and embedded OS
Chapter 11. Memory Protection Unit (MPU)
Abstract
11.1 Overview of the MPU
11.2 MPU registers
11.3 Setting up the MPU
11.4 Memory barrier and MPU configuration
11.5 Using sub-region disable
11.6 Considerations when using MPU
11.7 Other usages of the MPU
11.8 Comparing with the MPU in the Cortex®-M0+ processor
Chapter 12. Fault Exceptions and Fault Handling
Abstract
12.1 Overview of fault exceptions
12.2 Causes of faults
12.3 Enabling fault handlers
12.4 Fault status registers and fault address registers
12.5 Analyzing faults
12.6 Faults related to exception handling
12.7 Lockup
12.8 Fault handlers
12.9 Additional information
Chapter 13. Floating Point Operations
Abstract
13.1 About floating point data
13.2 Cortex®-M4 floating point unit (FPU)
13.3 Lazy stacking in detail
13.4 Using the floating point unit
13.5 Floating point exceptions
13.6 Hints and tips
Chapter 14. Introduction to the Debug and Trace Features
Abstract
14.1 Debug and trace features overview
14.2 Debug architecture
14.3 Debug modes
14.4 Debug events
14.5 Breakpoint feature
14.6 Debug components introduction
14.7 Debug operations
Chapter 15. Getting Started with Keil Microcontroller Development Kit for ARM®
Abstract
15.1 Overview
15.2 Typical program compilation flow
15.3 Getting started with μVision
15.4 Project options
15.5 Using the IDE and the debugger
15.6 Using the instruction set simulator
15.7 Running programs from SRAM
15.8 Optimization options
15.9 Other hints and tips
Chapter 16. Getting Started with the IAR Embedded Workbench for ARM®
Abstract
16.1 Overview of the IAR embedded workbench for ARM®
16.2 Typical program compilation flow
16.3 Creating a simple blinky project
16.4 Project options
16.5 Hints and tips
Chapter 17. Getting Started with the GNU Compiler Collection (gcc)
Abstract
17.1 The GNU Compiler Collection (gcc) toolchain
17.2 Typical development flow
17.3 Creating a simple blinky project
17.4 Overview of the command line options
17.5 Flash programming
17.6 Using Keil™ MDK-ARM with GNU tools for ARM Embedded Processors
17.7 Using CoIDE with GNU tools for ARM® Embedded Processors
17.8 Commercial gcc-based development suites
Chapter 18. Input and Output Software Examples
Abstract
18.1 Producing outputs
18.2 Re-targeting to the Instrumentation Trace Macrocell (ITM)
18.3 Semi-hosting
18.4 Re-targeting to peripherals
Chapter 19. Using Embedded Operating Systems
Abstract
19.1 Introduction to embedded OSs
19.2 Keil™ RTX Real-Time Kernel
19.3 CMSIS-OS examples
19.4 OS-aware debugging
19.5 Troubleshooting
Chapter 20. Assembly and Mixed Language Projects
Abstract
20.1 Use of assembly code in projects
20.2 Interaction between C and assembly
20.3 Structure of an assembly function
20.4 Examples
20.5 Mixed language projects
20.6 Intrinsic functions
20.7 Idiom recognition
Chapter 21. ARM® Cortex®-M4 and DSP Applications
Abstract
21.1 DSP on a microcontroller?
21.2 Dot product example
21.3 Architecture of a traditional DSP processor
21.4 Cortex®-M4 DSP instructions
21.5 Writing optimized DSP code for the Cortex®-M4
Chapter 22. Using the ARM® CMSIS-DSP Library
Abstract
22.1 Overview of the library
22.2 Pre-built binaries
22.3 Function naming convention
22.4 Getting help
22.5 Example 1 – DTMF demodulation
22.6 Example 2 – least squares motion tracking
Chapter 23. Advanced Topics
Abstract
23.1 Decisions and branches
23.2 Performance considerations
23.3 Double-word stack alignment
23.4 Various methods for semaphore implementation
23.5 Non-base Thread enable
23.6 Re-entrant Interrupt Handler
23.7 Bit Data Handling in C
23.8 Startup code
23.9 Stack overflow detection
23.10 Flash patch feature
23.11 Revision versions of the Cortex®-M3 and Cortex-M4 processors
Chapter 24. Software Porting
Abstract
24.1 Overview
24.2 Porting software from 8-bit/16-bit MCUs to Cortex®-M MCUs
24.3 Porting software from ARM7TDMI™ to Cortex®-M3/M4
24.4 Porting software between different Cortex®-M processors
References
Document
Index
Appendix A. Instruction Set Summary
A.1 Instructions available for both Cortex®-M3 and Cortex-M4
A.2 Instructions available for Cortex®-M4
A.3 Floating point instructions for Cortex®-M4
Appendix B. Graphical Representations of DSP Instructions
Appendix C. Addition of 16-bit Thumb® Instructions in Recent Architecture Versions
Appendix D. Cortex®-M3/M4 Exceptions Quick Reference
D.1 Exception types and enable
D.2 Stack frame format
Appendix E. CMSIS-Core Functions Quick Reference
E.1 Exception and interrupt numbers
E.2 NVIC access functions
E.3 System and systick functions
E.4 Core registers access functions
E.5 CMSIS intrinsic functions
E.6 Debug message output function
Appendix F. NVIC and SCB Registers Quick Reference
F.1 NVIC registers
F.2 SCB registers
F.3 Other system control registers not in SCB data structure
F.4 SYSTICK timer registers
F.5 Memory protection unit
F.6 Floating point unit
F.7 SCS Peripheral and Component ID Registers
Appendix G. Cortex®-M3/M4 Debug Components Programmer’s Model
G.1 Processor core debug registers
G.2 Flash patch and breakpoint unit
G.3 Data watchpoint and trace unit
G.4 Instrumentation trace macrocell
G.5 Trace port interface unit (TPIU)
G.6 AHB-AP (AHB access port)
Appendix H. Connectors for Debug and Trace
H.1 Overview
Appendix I. Troubleshooting Guide
I.1 Overview
I.2 The debugger cannot connect to the development board
I.3 The system does not start
I.4 System not responding
I.5 Fault exceptions
I.6 Understanding the cause of the fault
I.7 Other possible problems
- No. of pages: 864
- Language: English
- Edition: 3
- Published: October 6, 2013
- Imprint: Newnes
- Paperback ISBN: 9780124080829
- eBook ISBN: 9780124079182
JY
Joseph Yiu
Joseph Yiu joined Arm in 2001 and has been involved in a wide range of projects including development of Arm Cortex-M processors and various on-chip system level and debug components. In addition to in-depth knowledge of the processors and microcontroller system design, Joseph also has extensive knowledge in related areas including software development for the Arm Cortex-M microcontrollers, FPGA development and System-on-Chip design technologies.
Affiliations and expertise
Distinguished EngineerRead The Definitive Guide to ARM® Cortex®-M3 and Cortex®-M4 Processors on ScienceDirect