Textbook of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- 4th Edition - October 10, 2022
- Imprint: Elsevier India
- Authors: S. M. Balaji, Padma Preetha Balaji
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 8 1 - 3 1 2 - 6 4 6 9 - 0
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 8 1 - 3 1 2 - 6 4 7 0 - 6
The Fourth edition of the book is a scholastic and comprehensive presentation of oral and maxillofacial surgery that delves into all aspects of the specialty in an insightful and… Read more
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Request a sales quoteThe Fourth edition of the book is a scholastic and comprehensive presentation of oral and maxillofacial surgery that delves into all aspects of the specialty in an insightful and penetrating manner. This textbook is written in a language that is easy to comprehend and the latest surgical techniques and developments are categorised into easily understandable segments. The contents were well structured, organised and designed to adequately meet the curriculum requirement in oral and maxillofacial surgery.
• Consists of over 2,000 high-resolution photographs, CTs, and CBCTs of surgical cases that illuminate surgical concepts with a clarity that makes them easy to understand. Many of these are being used for the first time and are unique in their presentation. There are also over 1100+ anatomical line diagrams that serve as a step-by-step surgical guide. Tables, flowcharts and boxes are used liberally throughout the textbook to highlight core surgical concepts. • Contains 57 chapters under 14 sections that span the entire field, with sections on anaesthesia, minor oral surgery, maxillofacial infections, maxillofacial pathologies, dentofacial deformities, neurogenic disorders, temporomandibular joint surgeries, and maxillofacial trauma. • Discusses basic concepts that serve as building blocks, such as definitions, history taking, and treatment planning. Radiodiagnosis, microbiological, histopathological, and biochemical analyses are also provided. • Highlights cutting-edge advances being made in the field in the last chapter, which serves to emphasise the constantly expanding frontiers of the field. The sole purpose of this is to serve as a source of inspiration to an entire new generation and give their careers a research-oriented direction.
- Cover image
- Title page
- Disclaimer
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Foreword
- Preface to the fourth edition
- Preface to the first edition
- List of Illustrations
- List of Tables
- SECTION I. Introduction to Oral Surgery
- 1. Definition and scope of oral surgery
- Dentistry (ADA definition)
- Purpose of specialisation
- What a graduate should know
- 2. Medicolegal considerations in dentistry
- Law
- Crime and penal code
- Malpractice
- Rashness and negligence
- Consent–contract between doctor and patient
- Criminal liability of doctors in death during medical procedures
- SECTION II. Diagnosis
- 3. History taking and clinical examination
- A case sheet
- History taking
- Clinical examination
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic tools
- Final diagnosis
- Treatment plan
- Case files
- 4. Radiodiagnosis
- Radiation-based imaging
- Nonradiation-based imaging
- Nuclear medicine
- 5. Diagnostic aid—haematological, biochemical and microbiological investigations
- Haematological investigations
- Biochemical investigations
- 6. Histopathological investigations
- Cytology
- Screening methods with cytology
- Biopsy
- Indications for biopsy
- Biopsy procedure (Flowchart 6.3)
- Types of biopsies
- Immunohistochemistry
- Recent advances in histopathological evidences
- SECTION III. Medical Management in Oral Surgery
- 7. Management of the medically compromised
- Introduction
- Cardiovascular diseases
- Respiratory system
- Renal diseases
- Endocrine system
- Neurological disorders
- Haemopoietic system
- Infectious diseases
- Pregnancy and lactation
- 8. Medical emergencies and their management in dental office
- Importance of medical history
- Basic life support
- Common medical emergencies in dental practice
- Vasovagal syncope
- Postural hypotension
- Hyperventilation
- Asthma
- Angina pectoris
- Myocardial infarction (MI)
- Epilepsy
- Hypoglycaemia
- Acute adrenal insufficiency
- Anaphylaxis
- Choking/foreign body aspiration
- Haemorrhage
- Haematoma
- La toxicity
- Needle breakage
- 9. Haemorrhage and shock
- Haemorrhage
- Mechanism of haemostasis
- Methods of achieving haemostasis
- Shock
- 10. Therapeutics in oral surgery
- Introduction
- Antibiotics
- Analgesics
- Antiinflammatory drugs
- Antioedematous substances
- Antiallergic drugs
- Sedatives and hypnotics
- Anticoagulants
- Newer drugs
- SECTION IV. Anaesthesia in Oral Surgery
- 11. Local anaesthesia
- Introduction
- Composition of local anaesthetics
- Basic physiology of local anaesthesia
- Pharmacology of local anaesthetics
- Pharmacokinetics—movement of the drug within the body
- Pharmacodynamics—effects of the local anaesthetic agent
- Clinical action of specific agents
- Pharmacology of vasoconstrictors
- Local anaesthetics and vasoconstrictor—drug interactions
- Armamentarium used in local anaesthesia
- Anatomic considerations (applied anatomy)
- Preoperative assessment of the patient
- Basic injection techniques
- Techniques of maxillary anaesthesia (block anaesthesia for the maxilla) (Flowchart 11.1)
- Techniques of mandibular anaesthesia (block anaesthesia for the mandible)
- Complication of local anaesthesia
- Recent advances in local anaesthesia
- 12. General anaesthesia
- Preanaesthetic evaluation
- General examination
- Anaesthetic risk assessment
- Preanaesthetic preparation of the patient (Table 12.7)
- Stages of general anaesthesia (Fig. 12.1)
- Drugs used for the induction of anaesthesia
- Drugs and inhalational agents used for the maintenance of anaesthesia
- Muscle relaxation during anaesthesia
- Delivery of anaesthetic gases and vapours to the operation theatre
- Managing the airway
- Recovery from general anaesthesia
- 13. Conscious sedation
- Introduction
- Presedation evaluation of patients
- Techniques to achieve conscious sedation
- Oral sedation
- Drugs used for conscious sedation
- SECTION V. Principles of Practising Oral Surgery
- 14. Armamentarium
- Instruments used for handling sterile instruments
- Presurgical draping and asepsis
- Soft tissue handling instruments
- Instruments used for reflecting the mucoperiosteal flap
- Hard tissue handling instruments
- Airway maintenance/anaesthesia
- Oral/nasal pharyngeal airway
- Special instruments in fracture management
- Miscellaneous instruments
- Diathermy
- Surgical drain
- 15. Sterilisation and disinfection
- Introduction and classification
- Sterilisation
- Methods of disinfection
- Antiseptics
- Operating room decorum
- Infection control
- Universal precautions
- Sterilisation procedures
- Protective measures
- Needlestick injury
- Disposal of waste
- 16. Suture materials and suturing techniques
- Introduction
- Classification
- Absorbable suture materials
- Nonabsorbable suture materials
- Needles
- Principles of suturing
- Suturing techniques
- Knot
- Mechanical wound closure methods
- Wound closure tapes
- Tissue adhesives
- SECTION VI. Minor Oral Surgery
- 17. Principles of minor oral surgery
- Introduction
- Asepsis
- Adequate access
- Principles of wound incision
- Types of blade grasp
- Intraoral incisions
- Principles and guidelines for flap designs
- Suturing
- 18. Exodontia
- Introduction
- Methods of extraction
- Indications for extraction
- Contraindications for extraction
- Assessment of teeth for extraction
- Preoperative radiographs
- Extraction forceps
- Forceps design style
- Instruments used for reflecting the mucoperiosteal flap
- Principles of tooth extraction
- Choice of anaesthesia
- Management of haemorrhage
- Complications of extraction
- Technological advancement in extraction techniques
- 19. Impaction
- Introduction
- Aetiology of impacted canine
- Preoperative planning
- Lateral trephination
- Orthodontic extraction
- Surgical removal of impacted maxillary 3rd molar
- Surgical removal of canine impaction
- 20. Endodontic surgery
- Introduction
- Classification of endodontic surgery
- Armamentarium for periradicular surgery (Fig. 20.2)
- Presurgical patient management
- Principles of endodontic surgery
- Management of soft tissues
- Management of hard tissue (surgical access)
- Corrective surgery
- Replacement surgery (extraction/replantation)
- Endodontic microsurgery
- 21. Preprosthetic surgery
- Ideal edentulous ridge
- Residual ridge resorption (RRR)
- Preprosthetic surgery
- Patient evaluation
- Classification of preprosthetic surgery and treatment planning
- Hard tissue surgeries
- Alveolar ridge preservation
- Alveolar ridge augmentation
- Mandibular augmentation procedures
- Maxillary augmentation procedure
- Maxillary and mandibular augmentation
- Soft tissue procedures
- 22. Dental implantology
- Introduction
- Indications & contraindications of implant treatment (Tables 22.4 and 22.5)
- SECTION VII. Infections in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- 23. Head and neck space infections
- Odontogenic infection
- Fascial spaces
- Mechanism of spread of infection
- Routes of spread
- Aetiology of space infections
- Stages and types of infection
- Evaluation of the patient with orofacial infection
- Principles of management of odontogenic infections
- Classification of fascial spaces
- Primary fascial spaces—direct involvement
- Spaces related to lower jaw
- Secondary fascial spaces—indirect involvement
- Parapharyngeal space infections
- Life-threatening complication of orofacial infections
- Distant spread
- 24. Osteomyelitis, osteoradionecrosis and osteochemonecrosis
- Osteomyelitis
- Classification
- Types of osteomyelitis
- Clinical features of osteomyelitis
- Management of osteomyelitis
- Osteoradionecrosis
- Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (Fig. 24.12)
- Pentoxifylline and vitamin E
- Osteochemonecrosis (OCN) - medications associated osteonecrosis of jaws
- 25. Maxillary sinus and its disorders
- Introduction
- Maxillary sinus
- Clinical examination of maxillary sinus pathology
- Radiological investigation and assessment for maxillary sinus pathology (Fig. 25.4)
- Classification of diseases affecting maxillary sinus
- Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis
- Inflammatory maxillary sinusitis (Fig. 25.5)
- Complications of untreated maxillary sinusitis
- Oroantral fistula
- Caldwell-Luc procedure
- Traumatic disease
- Iatrogenic disease
- Fungal disease in the maxillary sinus
- Functional endoscopic sinus surgery
- Epistaxis
- SECTION VIII. Maxillofacial Pathologies
- 26. Cysts of the oral cavity
- Definition
- Classification
- Pathogenesis and development of cyst
- Diagnosis of cysts in oral and maxillofacial region
- Various modalities of surgical management of cystic lesions (Flowchart 26.2)
- Complications of untreated cysts
- Cyst of the jaws
- Odontogenic inflammatory cysts
- Nonepithelial lined pseudocysts
- Cysts associated with maxillary antrum
- Soft tissue cysts
- 27. Odontogenic tumours
- Introduction
- Classification of odontogenic tumours
- Benign odontogenic tumours
- Malignant odontogenic tumours
- 28. Nonodontogenic tumours
- Introduction
- Classification of nonodontogenic tumours
- Benign maxillofacial bone and cartilage tumours
- Malignant maxillofacial bone and cartilage tumours
- Haematolymphoid tumours
- Fibro-osseous and osteochondromatous lesions
- Giant cell lesions and simple bone cyst
- Reactive lesions of oral cavity
- 29. Premalignant lesions and conditions
- Introduction
- Dysplasia
- Clinical precancerous changes
- Potentially malignant disorders of the oral cavity
- Classification of oral potentially malignant disorders
- Diagnosis and treatment plan of potentially malignant lesions and conditions (Flowchart 29.1)
- Leukoplakia (leuko—white; plakia—plaque)
- Erythroplakia
- Carcinoma in situ
- Oral submucous fibrosis
- Oral lichen planus
- Actinic (solar) keratosis, elastosis and cheilitis
- 30. Oral cancer and its management
- Introduction
- Aetiology
- Carcinogens
- Carcinogenesis
- Concept of field cancerisation
- Staging and grading of oral cancer
- Types of cancer in the head and neck
- Site based malignant cancers in the head and neck
- Carcinoma of the nasal cavity, maxillary sinus and other paranasal sinuses
- Carcinoma of the oral cavity
- Surgical management of oral cancer
- Cervical lymph node metastasis
- Treatment of cervical lymph node metastasis
- Salivary gland neoplasms
- Adjuvant treatments for oral cancer
- Radiotherapy
- Chemotherapy
- 31. Salivary gland pathologies
- Surgical anatomy
- Diagnosis of salivary gland diseases
- Classification of salivary gland diseases
- Obstructive disorders
- Infections and systemic diseases
- Cysts of the salivary glands
- Neoplasms of salivary glands
- Benign tumours
- Malignant tumours of the salivary gland
- Idiopathic diseases
- SECTION IX. Reconstructive Surgery
- 32. Introduction to reconstructive surgery
- Introduction
- Principles and guidelines for flap designs
- Biological principles of bone graft healing
- Classification of reconstruction
- 33. Local and regional flaps used in maxillofacial surgery
- Definition
- Classifications
- Local flaps (random flaps and axial flaps)
- Regional flaps for head and neck defects
- Distant free flaps
- Flap modifications
- 34. Hard and soft tissue reconstruction using vascularised and nonvascularised grafts
- Introduction to hard tissue reconstruction
- Autogenous bone graft properties (Table 34.2)
- Forms of autogenous bone grafts
- Nonvascularised grafts or free grafts
- Soft tissue reconstruction with grafts
- Composite reconstruction with or without microvascular surgery for hard and soft tissues of maxillary and mandibular defects
- SECTION X. Temporomandibular Joint
- 35. Introduction to temporomandibular joint
- Introduction
- Embryology
- Temporomandibular joint anatomy
- Biomechanics of temporomandibular joint
- Classification of TMJ disorders
- 36. Masticatory muscle disorder
- Introduction
- Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome (MPDS)
- 37. Temporomandibular joint disorders
- Derangements of the condyle–disc complex/internal derangement
- Structural incompatibility of the articular surfaces/dislocation
- Inflammatory disorders of the temporomandibular joint
- 38. Temporomandibular joint ankylosis and chronic mandibular hypomobility
- Introduction
- Pathophysiology of temporomandibular joint ankylosis
- Classification of ankylosis
- Clinical presentation
- Radiological assessment (Figs. 38.5 and 38.6)
- Management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis
- Management of facial deformity secondary to temporomandibular joint ankylosis
- Complications of TMJ ankylosis surgery
- False ankylosis
- Trismus
- 39. Growth disorders of temporomandibular joint
- Introduction and development of temporomandibular joint
- Growth disorders of bone
- Hypoplasia
- Treatment of condylar hypoplasia
- Growth disorders of muscle (congenital and developmental)
- SECTION XI. Neurological Disorders of Maxillofacial Region
- 40. Sensory and motor disturbances of the orofacial region
- Sensory disturbances of the face
- Anatomy of the peripheral nerve
- Traumatic nerve injuries
- Patient evaluation
- Clinical examination
- Management
- Motor disturbances of the face
- Facial palsy
- Bell’s palsy
- Management of bell’s palsy
- Surgical management of nerve injuries
- Primary management
- Secondary management
- 41. Orofacial pain management
- Introduction
- Classification of orofacial pain
- Neurobiology of pain
- Transmission of pain from the periphery to the central nervous system
- Measurement of pain
- Clinical presentation of orofacial pain
- Management of orofacial pain
- Conclusion
- 42. Trigeminal neuralgia and other orofacial neuralgias
- Neuralgia
- Pathophysiology
- Classification
- Investigations and diagnostic tests
- Management
- Medical care
- Surgical management
- Anaesthesia dolorosa
- Geniculate neuralgia
- Sphenopalatine neuralgia (sluder’s neuralgia)
- Paratrigeminal neuralgia of raeder
- SECTION XII. Dentofacial Deformities
- 43. Orthognathic surgery
- Introduction
- Classification
- Diagnosis and treatment planning
- Maxillary osteotomy procedures
- 44. Distraction osteogenesis
- Introduction
- History of distraction osteogenesis
- Biological aspects in distraction osteogenesis
- Classification of distraction osteogenesis techniques (Flowchart 44.1)
- Principles of distraction osteogenesis
- Treatment planning
- Surgical procedure (Figs. 44.13–44.16)
- The factors that influence the success of distraction osteogenesis include
- Applications of distraction osteogenesis in maxillofacial surgery
- Complications of distraction osteogenesis
- Conclusion
- 45. Orofacial cleft
- Introduction
- Prevalence
- Aetiology of oral cleft
- Embryology
- Prenatal diagnosis
- Anatomical features—pathological anatomy of cleft lip and cleft palate
- Clinical features—problems faced by cleft children
- Classifications of oral and facial clefts
- Management of patients with cleft lip and palate
- Primary management
- Lip repair
- Secondary corrections
- Closure of alveolar cleft
- Prosthesis for cleft patients
- SECTION XIII. Maxillofacial Trauma
- 46. Emergency management of trauma patients and soft tissue injuries
- Introduction
- Primary survey and resuscitation
- Secondary survey (complete examination of the patient)
- Imaging of maxillofacial injuries
- Soft tissue injuries
- 47. Basic principles in the management of maxillofacial trauma
- Introduction
- Biology of bone and fracture healing
- Basic principles in the treatment of a fracture
- Conclusion
- 48. Dentoalveolar fracture
- Introduction
- Aetiology and risk factors
- Clinical findings
- Radiographic findings
- Classification
- Treatment of dentoalveolar injuries
- 49. Fractures of the mandible
- Introduction
- Fracture patterns
- Applied surgical anatomy of mandible
- Classification of mandibular fracture
- Clinical evaluation
- Radiographic examination
- Management of mandibular fracture
- Complications of mandibular fracture (Table 49.9)
- 50. Condylar fractures
- Introduction
- Surgical anatomy
- Biomechanics of condylar fracture
- Classification of condylar fracture
- Clinical features of condylar fractures
- Radiographic investigations
- Management of condylar fracture
- Condylar fractures in children
- Complications following mandibular condylar fracture
- 51. Zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture
- Introduction
- Anatomy of zygomaticomaxillary complex
- Mechanism of zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures
- Fracture patterns
- Classification of zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture
- Clinical assessment
- Radiographic evaluation
- Management of zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture
- Malunited zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures
- Complications of zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture
- 52. Fractures of the maxilla
- Introduction
- Applied anatomy of the maxilla
- Classification of maxillary fractures
- Clinical findings (Tables 52.1 and 52.2)
- Radiographic investigations
- Management of Le Fort fractures
- Palatal fractures
- Complications of maxillary fractures
- 53. Orbital fractures
- Introduction
- Anatomy
- Fracture patterns
- Clinical examination
- Radiographic examination
- Management of orbital fractures
- Complications
- 54. Naso-orbito-ethmoid fracture
- Introduction
- Applied anatomy of naso-orbito-ethmoid complex
- Classification of naso-orbito-ethmoid complex fractures
- Clinical evaluation of naso-orbito-ethmoid complex fractures
- Radiographic evaluation
- Management of naso-orbito-ethmoid fractures
- Soft tissue readaptation
- Complications of naso-orbito-ethmoid complex fracture
- Nasal bone fracture
- 55. Frontal bone fractures
- Introduction
- Applied anatomy
- Functions of frontal sinus
- Classification of frontal sinus fractures
- Clinical evaluation of frontal sinus fractures
- Radiographic evaluation
- Management of frontal sinus fracture
- Complications of frontal sinus fracture
- 56. Panfacial and paediatric fractures
- Panfacial fractures
- Introduction
- Classification
- Anatomical considerations
- Assessment of panfacial fractures
- Management of panfacial fractures
- Secondary reconstruction of panfacial fractures
- Complications
- Conclusion
- Paediatric facial fractures
- Anatomical considerations
- Assessment of trauma in paediatric patients
- Diagnosis of facial fracture
- Management of paediatric facial fractures
- Growth disturbance
- SECTION XIV. Recent Advances
- 57. Recent advances in oral and maxillofacial surgery
- Recent advances in recent anatomical discoveries
- Recent advances in imaging
- Recent advances in surgical planning
- Recent advances in anaesthesia
- Recent advances in sterilisation
- Recent advances in equipment and material used in oral and maxillofacial surgery
- Recent advances in dental implantology
- Recent advances in the field of exodontia
- Recent advances in treatment of fractures
- Recent advances in soft tissue reconstruction
- Recent advances in bone reconstruction
- Recent advances in treatment of osteoradionecrosis
- Recent advances in trigeminal neuralgia
- Recent advances in orthognathic surgery
- Index
- Edition: 4
- Published: October 10, 2022
- Imprint: Elsevier India
- No. of pages: 1250
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9788131264690
- eBook ISBN: 9788131264706