Techniques and Basic Experiments for the Study of Brain and Behavior

Preface Acknowledgments Chapter 1 Physiological Psychology Research 1.1. Basic concepts 1.2. Planning of experiments 1.3. Animal care 1.4. Morphological techniques 1.4.1. Perfusion 1.4.2. Removal of brain 1.4.3. Blocking of brain 1.4.4. Sectioning 1.4.5. Preparation of gelatinized slides 1.4.6. Mounting 1.4.7. Photographing the unstained sections 1.4.8. Staining 1.5. Electronic apparatus 1.5.1. Electrical stimulation 1.5.2. Recording technique 1.5.3. Programming with TTL logic Chapter 2 Innate and Motivated Behavior 2.1. Neurological tests in rats 2.2. Behavioral patterns 2.3. Measurement of activity 2.3.1. General activity 2.3.2. Enforced locomotor activity 2.4. Depth avoidance 2.5. Open field 2.6. Electrocutaneous shock 2.7. Aggression 2.7.1. Pain-induced aggression 2.7.2. Operant aggression 2.7.3. Extinction- and schedule-induced aggression 2.8. Feeding and drinking 2.8.1. Schedule-induced polydipsia 2.9. Sexual behavior 2.9.1. Ovariectomy and castration 2.10. Filial behavior 2.10.1. Imprinting in chicks 2.11. Measuring drive (reinforcement) intensity 2.11.1. The obstruction box Chapter 3 Learning and Memory 3.1. Classical conditioning 3.1.1. Autonomie responses 3.1.2. Somatic responses 3.2. Avoidance conditioning 3.2.1. Passive avoidance 3.2.2. Conditioned taste aversion 3.2.3. Active avoidance 3.3. Operant conditioning 3.3.1. Skinner box techniques 3.3.2. Discrete skilled movements 3.4. Discrimination learning 3.4.1. Spatial discrimination 3.4.2. Simultaneous or successive brightness discrimination 3.4.3. Pattern discrimination 3.4.4. Temporal discrimination 3.5. Memory 3.5.1. Reversive postoptokinetic nystagmus Chapter 4 Ablation and Stimulation of the Brain 4.1. Brain lesions 4.1.1. Stereotaxic technique 4.1.2. Electrolytic and thermocoagulation lesions 4.1.3. Transection lesions 4.1.4. Neurochemical lesions 4.1.5. Aspiration lesions 4.1.6. Spreading depression 4.2. Electrical brain stimulation 4.2.1. General methods 4.2.2. Self-stimulation 4.2.3. Stimulation-induced consummatory behaviors 4.2.4. Post-stimulation feeding 4.3. Chemically elicited consummatory behavior 4.3.1. Eating induced by norepinephrine 4.3.2. Eating induced by insulin and 2-deoxy-d-glucose Chapter 5 Electrophysiological Correlates of Behavior 5.1. Spontaneous EEG 5.2. Focal epileptic activity 5.3. Evoked responses 5.4. Unit activity Chapter 6 Pathological States 6.1. Audiogenic seizures 6.2. Electroconvulsive shock 6.3. Aninal hypnosis 6.4. Pathological turning 6.4.1. Measuring turning behavior Subject Index