Systems Analysis and Simulation in Ecology

List of Contributors

Preface

Part I Introduction To Modeling


1. A Primer for Ecological Modeling and Simulation with Analog and Digital Computers

I. Dynamic Modeling of Ecological Systems

II. Elements of Analog Computation

III. Population and Ecosystem Models

IV. Analog Computer Programming

V. Introduction to Digital Computers

VI. Digital Computer Programming with Fortran IV

VII. Digital Simulation

VIII. Answers to Exercises

Appendix A. Matexp Program Listing

Appendix B. Selected Bibliography

References


2. A Rationale for Modeling Dynamic Ecological Systems

I. Mathematical Models

II. Formulation of Models of Dynamic Ecological Systems

III. Analysis of Models of Dynamic Ecological Systems

References

Part II One-Species Models


3. Dynamics of Microbial Populations

I. Introduction

II. Experimental Studies on Algal Populations

III. The Model for Extensive Properties

IV. The Model for Intensive Properties

V. General Summary

References


4. Of Sowbugs and Systems: The Ecological Bioenergetics of a Terrestrial Isopod

I. Introduction

II. Systems Analysis and Model Building

III. Models of Energy Regulation and Growth in Animals

IV. Generalized Bioenergetics Model

V. An Improbable Linear Bioenergetics Model

VI. Another Improbable Linear Bioenergetics Model

VII. Toward a More Realistic Nonlinear Bioenergetics Model

References


5. Computer Analysis of Prédation Energetics in the Largemouth Bass

I. Introduction

II. Materials and Methods

III. Results and Discussion

References

Part III The Ecosystem: Simulation


6. A Finite Difference Model for Simulation of Dynamic Processes in Ecosystems

I. Introduction

II. General Population Model

III. Biotic Factors

IV. Abiotic Factors

V. Results and Discussion

VI. Conclusions

Appendix A. Glossary of Symbols Used

Appendix B. Input Formats

Appendix C. Sample Output

Appendix D. The Computer Program

References


7. Systems Approaches to the Study of Forest Floor Arthropods

I. Introduction

II. Techniques for Simulating Large-Scale Fluctuations

III. Techniques for Estimating Parameter Values in Large Systems

IV. A Model for Radiocesium Movement on the Forest Floor

V. Conclusions

References


8. A Compartment Model Simulation of Secondary Succession

I. Introduction

II. Mathematical Framework of the Model

III. Old-Field Succession in Central Oklahoma

IV. Old-Field Succession in the North Carolina Piedmont

V. General Discussion

References


9. Analog Computer Models of "The Wolves of Isle Royale"

I. The Plant-Moose-Wolf Food Chain

II. Description of Models

III. Time Behavior of Models

IV. Evaluation of Models

References


10. Computer Simulation of Energy Flow in Cedar Bog Lake, Minnesota, Based on the Classical Studies of Lindeman

I. Introduction

II. Lindeman's Study of Cedar Bog Lake

III. General Approach to Modeling the Cedar Bog Lake Ecosystem

IV. A Linear Three-Compartment System

V. A Ten-Compartment Network System

VI. Conversion of the Linear System to a Nonlinear System

VII. Controlling the Nonlinear Model

VIII. The Addition of Environmental Effects

IX. Final Adjustment of the Model

X. Utility of the Model

XI. Reconsideration of Lindeman's Work

References

Coda

Author Index

Subject Index