Sustainable Biorefining of Woody Biomass to Biofuels and Biochemicals

1st Edition - October 31, 2023
Editors: Deepak Kumar, Sachin Kumar, Karthik Rajendran
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 1 1 8 7 - 0
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 9 8 0 3 - 1

Sustainable Biorefining of Woody Biomass to Biofuels and Biochemicals explores various technologies and pathways for the valorization of woody biomass to produce sustainable biofue… Read more

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Sustainable Biorefining of Woody Biomass to Biofuels and Biochemicals explores various technologies and pathways for the valorization of woody biomass to produce sustainable biofuels and bioproducts. Focusing on commercialization, the book discusses woody biomass availability, including harvesting, transportation and storage, biomass structure, advanced biorefinery technologies, and the economic and environmental sustainability of woody biomass-based biorefineries. Various technologies are described and assessed from a commercial perspective and practical solutions to the latest challenges are provided. The last section of the book is dedicated to the commercialization aspects of biorefineries, providing details about the techno-economic viability and environmental impact of various biorefinery approaches.This book provides readers with a unique and comprehensive reference that will help students and researchers alike identify and overcome the challenges involved in woody-biomass biorefining for biofuels and biochemicals. It will also be of interest to researchers and professionals involved more broadly in bioenergy and renewable energy, and interdisciplinary teams working across biotechnology, chemistry and chemical engineering, environmental science, and plant sciences.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Chemical aspects of the composite structure of wood and its recalcitrance to enzymatic hydrolysis
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Trees as a renewable resource for biorefineries
1.3. Formation of the wood cell wall matrix and effects on EH
1.4. Cellulose
1.5. Hemicelluloses
1.6. Lignin
1.7. Lignin–carbohydrate complexes
1.8. Conclusion
Chapter 2. The development of harvesting systems in woody biomass supply chains: A case study of short rotation woody crops
2.1. Woody crop biomass supply and characteristics
2.2. SRWC harvester development in the US
2.3. SRWC harvesting system: New Holland FR9000 forage harvester and 130FB SRC woody crop header
2.4. Performance of the single pass cut and chip harvesting system in willow biomass crops
2.5. Conclusions
Chapter 3. Pretreatment strategies for woody biomass
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Structure of lignocellulosic biomass and its necessity
3.3. Woody biomass pretreatment technologies
3.4. Quantification of wood pretreatment effects
3.5. Pretreatment effects on microbial activities
3.6. Techno-economic analysis of pretreatment of woody biomass
3.7. Conclusion
Chapter 4. Biochemical conversion of woody biomass to liquid biofuels
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Sources and composition of woody biomass
4.3. Pretreatment processes for woody biomass
4.4. Biochemical conversion process for liquid biofuel production
4.5. Bioethanol production from woody biomass
4.6. Biochemical conversion process for biobutanol production
4.7. Biomass-based bio-jet production
4.8. Conclusion and future recommendation
Chapter 5. Utilization of woody biomass for biogas production
5.1. Introduction
5.2. History of biogas production from woody biomass
5.3. Woody lignocellulosic biomass
5.4. Pretreatment strategies
5.5. Role of bioreactors in WLB-treated biogas plants
5.6. Biogas production mechanism from WLB
5.7. Factors influencing biogas production
5.8. Recent advancements in biogas production from WLB
5.9. Conclusion and future perspectives
Abbreviations
Chapter 6. Thermochemical conversion of woody biomass to energy and high-value products
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Thermochemical conversion of woody biomass
6.3. Conclusion
Chapter 7. Sustainable production of advanced biofuel and platform chemicals from woody biomass
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Types of woody biomass
7.3. Chemical composition of woody biomass
7.4. Process and potential of wood-based biofuel
7.5. Production of platform chemicals
7.6. Conclusions and future outlook
Chapter 8. Downstream processes for the recovery of ethanol and polyhydroxyalkanoates from bioprocessing of woody biomass
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Inhibitor removal and sugar recovery
8.3. Ethanol form woody biomass
8.4. Polyhydroxyalkanoates from woody biomass
8.5. Summary
Abbreviations
Chapter 9. Hydrothermal pretreatment of woody biomass and potential non-fuel applications of the solubilized constituents
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Pretreatment
9.3. Hydrothermal pretreatment
9.4. Potential non-fuel applications—carbohydrates
9.5. Potential non-fuel applications—lignin
9.6. Conclusion
Chapter 10. Depolymerization strategies for lignin valorization
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Reductive conversion strategies for lignin
10.3. Oxidative conversion strategies for lignin
10.4. Pyrolysis strategies for lignin conversion
10.5. Photoelectrocatalysis strategy for lignin conversion
10.6. Summary and perspectives
Chapter 11. Role of woody biomass in carbon capture, circular bioeconomy, and biomanufacturing
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Global availability of woody biomass and their potential
11.3. Circular bioeconomy
11.4. 3R principles (reduce, recycle, and remove)
11.5. Carbon capture by “woody biomass”
11.6. Terrestrial sequestration
11.7. Microbial conversion of CO2 to energy
11.8. Chemical conversion: current practice of CO2 capture and sequestration
11.9. Role of biofuels in CO2 sequestration
11.10. Conclusion and future perspectives
Abbreviations
Chapter 12. Techno-economic analysis on biofuels and bioproducts produced from woody biomass
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Production process
12.3. Techno-economic assessment (TEA)
12.4. Challenges and key factors for commercialization
12.5. Conclusion
Chapter 13. Environmental life cycle assessment of aviation fuel production from woody biomass resources
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Life cycle assessment methodology
13.3. Environmental impact of lignocellulosic aviation fuels
13.4. Concluding remarks and implications
Chapter 14. The influence of policies in commercializing biofuels and bioproducts from woody biomass
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Need for policies in commercializing woody biomass to mitigate climate change
14.3. Policy and regulations
14.4. Factor enabling successful implementation of policy
14.5. Challenges and barriers to policy implementation
14.6. Conclusion
Index

Deepak Kumar

Dr. Deepak Kumar is an Assistant Professor in the Chemical Engineering Department at State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry (SUNY-ESF); he is also a research scientist at the Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology at the University of Illinois. His research focuses on bioplastics, biofuel, and value-added products production from agro-processing waste and non-food sources and sustainability analysis. He has published 35 peer-reviewed articles and 6 book chapters with over 1000 citations and an H-index of 12.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, Chemical Engineering Department, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry (SUNY-ESF), Syracuse, NY, USA

Sachin Kumar

Dr. Sachin Kumar is a Deputy Director in the Biochemical Conversion Division at the Sardar Swaran Singh National Institute of Bioenergy, Kapurthala, India. He was a Visiting Professor in the Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering at South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, USA. He obtained his Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India and has more than fifteen years of research experience in Biochemical Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels including lignocellulosic ethanol, biogas, biohydrogen, etc. He has completed six research projects and one consultancy project and is actively engaged in two on-going research projects. Dr. Sachin has published more than 55 papers in peer reviewed journals, book chapters and papers in conference proceedings and 7 edited books. He has one granted US patent and one filed Indian patent. He is a recipient of the 2016 ASM-IUSSTF Indo-US Research Professorship and selected as Bioenergy-Awards for Cutting Edge Research (B-ACER) Fellow 2016 by DBT and IUSSTF.

Affiliations and expertise

Deputy Director, Biochemical Conversion Division, Sardar Swaran Singh National Institute of Bioenergy, Kapurthala, India

Karthik Rajendran

Dr. Karthik Rajendran is a distinguished academic and researcher, currently serving as the Associate Dean at SRM University-AP, where he oversees the Office of the Dean Quality Assurance and Rankings. His work primarily focuses on the development of advanced biofuels, the integration of Energy and AI, and conducting thorough techno-economic analyses and lifecycle assessments.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Science, SRM University, Andhra Pradesh, India

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Sustainable Biorefining of Woody Biomass to Biofuels and Biochemicals

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Deepak Kumar

Sachin Kumar

Karthik Rajendran