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Surface Production Operations: Vol 2: Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities

3rd Edition - August 5, 2014

Author: Maurice Stewart

Hardback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 3 8 2 2 0 7 - 9

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 3 8 2 2 0 8 - 6

Updated and better than ever, Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities, 3rd Edition includes greatly expanded chapters on gas-liquid separation, gas sweetening, gas… Read more

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Updated and better than ever, Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities, 3rd Edition includes greatly expanded chapters on gas-liquid separation, gas sweetening, gas liquefaction, and gas dehydration —information necessary and critical to production and process engineers and designers. Natural gas is at the forefront of today's energy needs, and this book walks you through the equipment and processes used in gas-handling operations, including conditioning and processing, to help you effectively design and manage your gas production facility. Taking a logical approach from theory into practical application, Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities, 3rd Edition contains many supporting equations as well as detailed tables and charts to facilite process design. Based on real-world case studies and experience, this must-have training guide is a reference that no natural gas practitioner and engineer should be without.

Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter One: Overview of Gas-Handling, Conditioning, and Processing Facilities
- Abstract
- 1.1 Heating
- 1.2 Separation
- 1.3 Cooling
- 1.4 Stabilization
- 1.5 Compression
- 1.6 Gas Treating
- 1.7 Gas Dehydration
- 1.8 Gas Processing
Chapter Two: Basic Principles
- Abstract
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Fluid Analysis
- 2.3 Physical Properties
- 2.4 Flash Calculations
- 2.5 Characterizing the Flow Stream
- 2.6 Use of Computer Programs for Flash Calculations
- 2.7 Approximate Flash Calculations
- 2.8 Other Properties
- 2.9 Phase Equilibrium
Chapter Three: Heat Transfer Theory
- Abstract
- 3.1 Objectives
- 3.2 What Is a Heat Exchanger?
- 3.3 Process Specification
- 3.4 Pressure Drop Considerations
- 3.5 Basic Heat Transfer Theory
- 3.6 Determination of Mean Temperature Difference
- 3.7 Selection of Temperature Approach (∆T₂)
- 3.8 Determination of Heat Transfer Coefficient
- 3.9 Calculation of Film Coefficients
- 3.10 Tube Metal Resistance
- 3.11 Approximate Overall Heat Transfer Coefficients
- 3.12 Determination of Process Heat Duty
Chapter Four: Heat Exchanger Configurations
- Abstract
- 4.1 Overview
- 4.2 Shell-and-Tube Exchangers
- 4.3 Double-Pipe Exchangers
- 4.4 Plate-Fin Exchangers
- 4.5 Plate-and-Frame Exchangers
- 4.6 Indirect-Fired Heaters
- 4.7 Direct-Fired Heaters
- 4.8 Air-Cooled Exchangers
- 4.9 Cooling Towers
- 4.10 Other Types of Heat Exchangers
- 4.11 Heat Exchanger Selection
- 4.12 Comments on Example 4.3
- Exercises
Chapter Five: Hydrate Prediction and Prevention
- Abstract
- 5.1 Objectives
- 5.2 Overview
- 5.3 Water Content of Gas
- 5.4 Gas Hydrates
- 5.5 Prediction of Operating Temperature and Pressure
- 5.6 Temperature Drop Determination
- 5.7 Hydrate Prediction Correlations
- 5.8 Hydrate Prevention
- 5.9 Hydrate Inhibition
- Exercises
Chapter Six: Condensate Stabilization
- Abstract
- 6.1 Partial Pressures
- 6.2 Multistage Separation
- 6.3 Multiple Flashes at Constant Pressure and Increasing Temperature
- 6.4 Cold-Feed Distillation Tower
- 6.5 Distillation Tower with Reflux
- 6.6 Condensate Stabilizer Design
- 6.7 Trays and Packing
- 6.8 Condensate Stabilizer as a Gas-Processing Plant
- 6.9 Low Temperature Extractor (LTX) Unit as a Condensate Stabilizer
Chapter Seven: Dehydration
- Abstract
- 7.1 Overview
- 7.2 Adsorption
- 7.3 Absorption
- 7.4 Glycol Dehydration
- 7.5 System Design
- 7.6 Mercury Considerations
- 7.7 Special Glycol Dehydration Systems
- 7.8 Systems Utilizing Glycol-Gas Powered Pumps (Figure 7.59)
- 7.9 Systems Utilizing Electricity-Driven Pumps
- 7.10 Nonregenerable Dehydrator
- 7.11 Physical Properties of Common Glycols
Chapter Eight: Glycol Maintenance, Care, and Troubleshooting
- Abstract
- 8.1 Preventive Maintenance
- 8.2 General Considerations
- 8.3 Eliminating Operating Problems
- 8.4 Improving Glycol Filtration
- 8.5 Use of Carbon Purification
Chapter Nine: Gas Sweetening
- Abstract
- 9.1 Processing Natural Gas
- 9.2 Acid Gas Considerations
- 9.3 Sweetening Processes
- 9.4 Solid Bed Processes
- 9.5 Chemical Solvent Processes
- 9.6 Physical Solvent Processes
- 9.7 Direct Conversion Processes
- 9.8 Distillation Process
- 9.9 Gas Permeation Process
Chapter Ten: Gas Processing
- Abstract
- 10.1 Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) Recovery Considerations
- 10.2 Value of NGL Components
- 10.3 Gas Processing Terminology
- 10.4 Liquid Recovery Processes
- 10.5 Process Selection
- 10.6 Fractionation
- 10.7 Design Considerations
Chapter Eleven: Safety Systems
- Abstract
- 11.1 Basic Safety Concepts
- 11.2 Developing a Safe Process
- 11.3 API RP 14C
- 11.4 Safety Management Systems
- 11.5 Safety Case and Individual Risk Rate
- 11.6 Relief Valves and Relief Systems
- 11.7 Flare and Vent Disposal Systems
Appendix A: Case Study: Membrane/Amine Hybrid Grissik Gas Plant [1–3], Sumatra, Indonesia
- A.1 Introduction
- A.2 Process Overview
- A.3 Background
- A.4 First Commissioning
- A.5 TSA Design and Performance
- A.6 TSA Process Description
- A.7 Reasons for Four Towers
- A.8 Cycle Times and Breakthrough
- A.9 Heat Recovery Between Cooling and Heating
- A.10 Air Liquide Medal membrane
- A.11 Membrane Performance
- A.12 Permeate/Acid Gas Utilization
- A.13 Amine System
Appendix B: Case Study: The Judge Digby Gas Plant Hikes Production with Quick Solvent Change-Out [1]
- B.1 Judge Digby Plant
- B.2 Debottlenecking
- B.3 Preparing for the Conversion
- B.4 The Turnaround
- B.5 Plant Operations
- B.6 BTEX Emissions
Index