Studies in Natural Products Chemistry

1st Edition, Volume 43 - June 17, 2014
Imprint: Elsevier
Editor: Atta-ur- Rahman
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 6 3 4 3 0 - 6
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 6 3 4 4 0 - 5

Natural products in the plant and animal kingdom offer a huge diversity of chemical structures that are the result of biosynthetic processes that have been modulated over the mi… Read more

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Natural products in the plant and animal kingdom offer a huge diversity of chemical structures that are the result of biosynthetic processes that have been modulated over the millennia through genetic effects. With the rapid developments in spectroscopic techniques and accompanying advances in high-throughput screening techniques, it has become possible to isolate and then determine the structures and biological activity of natural products rapidly, thus opening up exciting opportunities in the field of new drug development to the pharmaceutical industry.

The series also covers the synthesis or testing and recording of the medicinal properties of natural products, providing cutting edge accounts of the fascinating developments in the isolation, structure elucidation, synthesis, biosynthesis and pharmacology of a diverse array of natural products.

Preface
Chapter 1: Total Synthesis of Diterpenoid Pyrones, Nalanthalide, Sesquicillin, Candelalides A–C, and Subglutinols A, B
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Total Synthesis of (±)-Sesquicillin [Zhang and Danishefsky, 2002 [13]]
- Total Synthesis of (−)-Nalanthalide and (+)-Sesqucillin [Katoh et al., 2006 [8], 2010 [9]]
- Total Synthesis of (−)-Candelalide A–C [Katoh et al., 2005 [10], 2009 [11]]
- Total Synthesis of (−)-Subglutinols A, B
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgements
Chapter 2: Chemical Diversity of Vibsane-Type Diterpenoids and Neurotrophic Activity and Synthesis of Neovibsanin
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Vibsane-Type Diterpenoids
- Biological Activities of Vibsane-Type Diterpenoids
- Synthesis of Vibsane-Type Diterpenoids
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 3: Natural and Synthetic Alkamides: Applications in Pain Therapy
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Biosynthesis
- Capsaicinoids
- Capsaicin
- Capsaicin's Mechanism of Action
- Capsaicin SARs
- Pharmaceutical Formulations Based on Capsaicinoids
- Affinin (Spilanthol)
- Sanshools
- Piperine and Piperovatin
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 4: Alkaloids as Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidases and Their Role in the Central Nervous System
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Therapeutic Potential of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition in Neurological Disorders
- Alkaloids as Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
- Conclusion
Chapter 5: Furanocoumarins: Biomolecules of Therapeutic Interest
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Furanocoumarins
- Furanocoumarin Biosynthesis
- Furanocoumarins in Nature: Distribution and Sources
- Furanocoumarin Analytic Methods
- Activity of Furanocoumarins
- Therapeutical Use of Furanocoumarins
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 6: Interactions Between Natural Health Products and Antiretroviral Drugs
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Interactions Between Natural Health Products and Antiretroviral Drugs
- The Replication Cycle of HIV
- Existing Antiretroviral Drug Classes
- Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Infection
- Examples of Clinical Interactions Between NHPs and Antiretroviral Drugs
- Concluding Remarks
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 7: Lichens: Chemistry and Biological Activities
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Lichen Chemistry: A Brief History
- Chemical Structure and Diversity
- Biosynthesis of Lichen Substances
- Biological Activities of Secondary Metabolites of Lichens
- Conclusion
Chapter 8: Chemistry and Bioactivities of Royal Jelly
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Biological Properties
- Concluding Remarks
Chapter 9: Synthetic Cannabinoids: Synthesis and Biological Activities
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Distribution of Synthetic Cannabinoids
- Legality and Regulation
- Synthesis of Synthetic Cannabinoids
- Biological Activities of Synthetic Cannabinoids
- Epidemiological Data
- Current Medicinal Purposes
- Discussion and Conclusion
Chapter 10: New Strategies for Identifying Natural Products of Ecological Significance from Corals: Nondestructive Raman Spectroscopy Analysis
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Natural Products from Cnidaria
- A New Method for Identifying Natural Products from Cnidaria
- Raman Spectroscopy: Basic Principles
- Instrumentation
- Application of Raman Scattering to Marine Natural Products: An Overview
- Characterization of Metabolites from Marine Organisms
- Raman Spectroscopy Applied to Biologically Relevant Natural Products
- Concluding Remarks
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 11: Insulin Resistance as a Target of Some Plant-Derived Phytocompounds
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Insulin Resistance
- Phytocompounds Targeting of Insulin Resistance
- Conclusion
- Acknowledgment
Chapter 12: Saponins Produced by Gypsophila Species Enhance the Toxicity of Type I Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins
- Abstract
- Saponins
- Gypsophila Saponins
- Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins
- Saponins as Cytotoxic Agents
- Acknowledgment
Chapter 13: Biologically Active Compounds from the Genus Uncaria (Rubiaceae)
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Ethnobotany of Uncaria spp.
- Herbal Formulations Containing Uncaria spp.
- Phytochemistry of Uncaria spp.
- Extraction, Isolation, Purification, and Identification of Novel Compounds
- Bioactivities
- Structural Diversity of Compounds from Uncaria spp.
- Structure and Activity Relationship of Bioactive Compounds from Uncaria spp.
- Alkaloid Biosynthesis in U. tomentosa
- Concluding Remarks
Chapter 14: Asymmetric Phase-Transfer Catalysis as a Powerful Tool in the Synthesis of Biologically Active Chiral Complex Natural Products
- Abstract
- Introduction
- PTCs Derived from Cinchona Alkaloids
- PTCs Derived from Binaphthol
- PTCs Derived from Tartaric Acid
- Synopsis
Chapter 15: Challenges of Biopesticides Under the European Regulation (EC) No. 1107/2009: An Overview of New Trends in Residue Analysis
- Abstract
- Introduction
- European Legislation for Sustainable Use of Pesticides and Challenges that Biopesticides Have to Face
- Advantages and Disadvantages of “Biopesticides” and the Controversial Use of this Term
- Requirements in Analytic Methods to Fulfill the Actual European Legislative Framework
- Analytic Techniques Applied to the Analysis of Biopesticide Residues
- Conclusions
Index

Atta-ur- Rahman

Atta-ur-Rahman, FRS, D.Phil., TI, SI HI, NI, is a leading scientist and scholar in the field of organic chemistry from Pakistan, especially renowned for his research in the various areas relating to natural product chemistry. With over 909 publications in the field of his expertise including 116 books largely published by leading publishers in Europe and USA and 27 patents, he is also credited for reviving the higher education and research practices in Pakistan.

Prof. Rahman was elected as Fellow of Royal Society (London) in July 2006 thereby becoming one of the 4 scientists from the Muslim world to have ever won this honor in the last 350 years when the Royal Society was established. He is also the only scientist from the Muslim world to have been conferred the UNESCO Science Prize in 1999.[11] He has been conferred honorary doctorate degrees by many universities including the degree of Doctor of Science (Sc.D.) by Cambridge University (UK) (1987) and an Honorary degree of Doctor of Education by Coventry University UK in November 2007. He was elected Honorary Life Fellow of Kings College, Cambridge University, UK in 2007. Prof. Atta-ur-Rahman was conferred the TWAS Prize for Institution Building in Durban, South Africa in October 2009 in recognition of his contributions for bringing about revolutionary changes in the higher education sector in Pakistan. He was awarded the Engro Excellence Award in Science & Technology 2011 for meritorious contributions.

He is President of Network of Academies of Sciences of Islamic Countries (NASIC) and the Vice-President (Central & South Asia) of the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World (TWAS) Council, and Foreign Fellow of Korean Academy of Sciences. Prof. Atta-ur-Rahman was the President of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences (2003–06), and was again elected President of Pakistan Academy of Sciences in January 2011.

He was the Federal Minister for Science and Technology (14 March 2000 – 20 November 2002), Federal Minister of Education (2002) and Chairman of the Higher Education Commission with the status of a Federal Minister from 2002-2008. The Austrian government also honoured him with its highest civil award ("Das Große Goldene Ehrenzeichen am Bande", 2007) in recognition of his eminent contributions.

Prof. Atta-ur-Rahman was the Coordinator General of COMSTECH, an OIC Ministerial Committee comprising the 57 Ministers of Science & Technology from 57 OIC member countries during 1996-2012. He is also the Patron of International Centre of Chemical and Biological Sciences (which comprises a number of institutes, including the Hussain Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute of Chemistry and the Dr. Panjwani Center of Molecular Medicine and Drug Development) at Karachi University.

He established a research center on Genomics in Karachi University. In recognition of the eminent contributions of Prof. Atta-ur-Rahman, a number of institutions have been named after him within and outside Pakistan. These include a natural product chemistry institute (Atta-ur-Rahman Research Institute of Natural Product Discovery, RiND) at the University of Technology Mara in Malaysia, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences at National University of Science & Technology in Islamabad, and Dr. Atta-ur-Rahman Building at the International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi. The Academy of Sciences in the Developing World (TWAS) based in Trieste, Italy has introduced a Dr. Atta-ur-Rahman Prize in Chemistry to a scientist from the developing world each year. The Prize carries a cash award of $ 5,000 and a Certificate.

Affiliations and expertise

University of Karachi, Pakistan

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Studies in Natural Products Chemistry

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