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The spinal cord is comprised of four types of neurons: motor neurons, pre-ganglionic neurons, ascending projection neurons, and spinal interneurons. Interneurons are neurons th… Read more
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The spinal cord is comprised of four types of neurons: motor neurons, pre-ganglionic neurons, ascending projection neurons, and spinal interneurons. Interneurons are neurons that process information within local circuits, and have an incredible ability for neuroplasticity, whether due to persistent activity, neural injury, or in response to disease. Although, by definition, their axons are restricted to the same structure as the soma (in this case the spinal cord), spinal interneurons are capable of sprouting and rewiring entire neural circuits, and contribute to some restoration of disrupted neural communication after injury to the spinal cord (i.e., “bypassing” the lesion site).
Spinal Interneurons provides a focused overview of how scientists classify interneurons in general, the techniques used to identify subsets of interneurons, their roles in specific neural circuits, and the scientific evidence for their neuroplasticity. Understanding the capacity for neuroplasticity and identity of specific spinal interneurons that are optimal for recovery, may help determine cellular candidates for developing therapies.
Spinal Interneurons provides neuroscientists, clinicians, and trainees a reference book exclusively concentrating on spinal interneurons, the techniques and experiments employed to identify and study these cells as part of normal and compromised neural circuits, and highlights the therapeutic potential of these cells by presenting the relevant pre-clinical and clinical work to date. People in industry will also benefit from this book, which compiles the latest in therapeutic strategies for targeting spinal interneurons, what considerations there are for the development and use of treatments, and how such treatments can not only be translated to the clinic, but how existing treatments should be appropriately reverse-translated to the bench.
Neuroscientists, clinicians, and trainees with an interest in the spinal cord
i. Dedication to Dr. Marion Murray
ii. Preface
Lyandysha V. Zholudeva and Michael A. Lane
Section 1: Spinal Interneurons – Motor and Sensory Neuronal Networks
1. The Neuronal Cell Types of the Spinal Cord
Stephanie C. Koch and Ariel Levine
2. Identified Interneurons Contributing to Locomotion in Mammals
Erik Z. Li, D. Leonardo Garcia-Ramirez, Ngoc T. B. Ha, and Kimberly J. Dougherty
3. Decoding Touch: Peripheral and Spinal Processing
Mark A. Gradwell, Manon Bohic, Victoria E. Abraira
4. Spinal Interneurons and Pain: functional organization of dorsal horn neurons in acute and persistent pain
Myung-chul Noh, Suh Jin Lee, Cynthia Arokiaraj and Rebecca Seal
5. Cholinergic Spinal Interneurons
Patricia E. Phelps and Alexa M. Tierno
6. Spinal Interneurons, Motor Synergies and Modularity
Simon Giszter, Trevor S Smith, Andrey P Borisyuk
Section 2: Spinal Interneurons – Gatekeepers to plasticity following injury
7. Spinal Interneurons Contribute to Adaptive and Maladaptive Plasticity after Spinal Cord Injury
Alfredo Sandoval Jr, Zhigang He, and Bo Chen
8. Changes in motor outputs after spinal cord injury
Amr A. Mahrous, Owen Shelton, Derin Birch, Vicki Tysseling
9. Respiratory Spinal Interneurons
Margo L. Randelman, Lyandysha V. Zholudeva, Steven A. Crone and Michael A. Lane
10. Spinal Interneuronal Control of the Lower Urinary Tract
Jaclyn H. DeFinis, Shaoping Hou
11. Spinal interneurons and Autonomic Dysreflexia after Injury
Felicia M. Michael, Alexander G. Rabchevsky
12. Human Spinal Networks: Motor Control, Autonomic Regulation and Somatic-Visceral Neuromodulation
Yury Gerasimenko, Claudia Angeli, and Susan Harkema
13. Spinal Interneurons post-Injury: Emergence of a different perspective on spinal cord injury
Bau Pham and V. Reggie Edgerton
14. The Unified Theory of Central Pattern Generator Function After Spinal Cord Injury
David S. K. Magnuson
15. Spinal Interneurons & Cell transplantation
Ashley Tucker, Miriam Aceves, Jessica C. Butts, Jennifer N. Dulin
16. Spinal Interneurons and Cellular Engineering
Nicholas White and Shelly Sakiyama-Elbert
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