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Solar Energy Engineering
- 1st Edition - November 12, 2012
- Editor: A. A. M. Sayigh
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 4 1 4 3 9 1 - 3
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 4 7 0 9 - 5
Solar Energy Engineering is a 21-chapter text that provides ample information concerning all forms and topics of solar energy. Chapter 1 deals with the scope and advantages of… Read more
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Request a sales quoteSolar Energy Engineering is a 21-chapter text that provides ample information concerning all forms and topics of solar energy. Chapter 1 deals with the scope and advantages of solar energy and serves as an introduction to the rest of the chapters. Chapters 2 to 5 explain the nature of the sun, the solar radiation spectrum, the estimation of total, direct, and diffuse radiation, and the heat transfer fundamentals for solar energy application. Chapters 6 to 8 outline the fundamentals, fabrication, and uses of various water and air heaters. Chapters 9 and 11 cover optics, concentrating collectors, and solar furnaces, while Chapters 10 and 12 to 20 discuss the various applications of solar energy, namely, solar pond, solar distillation, photovoltaic conversion of solar energy, solar refrigeration, solar hydrogen production, space applications, and solar measuring equipment. Lastly, Chapter 21 focuses on the cost of solar appliances. Engineers, designers, and researchers in their field of solar energy will find this book invaluable.
List of Contributors
Preface
General Information
1. Introduction
2. The Sun and the Celestial Vault
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The Sun: A Grain of Sand in a Whirling Desert Storm
2.3 The Calculation of the Angle of Incidence of Direct Radiation on an Inclined Plane
2.4 The Sun: A Spark in a Volcanic Eruption
3. Solar Irradiance, Total and Spectral
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Extraterrestrial Solar Energy
3.3 The Solar Constant
3.4 Solar Spectral Irradiance for Zero Air Mass
3.5 Variations with Sun-Earth Distance
3.6 Accuracy of the Standard Values
3.7 Variations in Solar Energy Output
3.8 Solar Energy Variation at Ground Level
3.9 Atmospheric Attenuation of Solar Energy
3.10 Total and Spectral Solar Irradiance at Ground Level
3.11 Conclusion
4. Solar Energy Availability Prediction from Climatological Data
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Estimation of Total Solar Radiation
4.3 Estimation of the Total Solar Radiation from Meteorological Data
4.4 Some Factors Which Influence Total Solar Radiation
4.5 A General Empirical Formula for Estimating Total Solar Radiation
4.6 Estimation of Direct and Diffused Radiation
4.7 Conclusion
5. Heat Transfer for Solar Energy Utilization
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Conduction
5.3 Convection
5.4 Heat Transfer with Vapor Condensation
5.5 Liquid Vaporization
5.6 Thermal Radiation
5.7 Some Heat Transfer Problems Related to Heat Exchanges
6. Solar Energy Utilization—Liquid Flat Plate Collectors
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Heat Transfer Processes
6.3 Steady State Models of Collector Performance
6.4 Some Performance Characteristics of Conventional Tube and Plate Collectors
6.5 Areas of Research Interest for Future Work
7. Convective Heat Transfer Effects within Honeycomb Structures for Flat Plate Solar Collectors
7.1 Introduction
7.2 The General Problem of Heat Transfer within Cellular Structures
7.3 Some Theoretical Aspects of the Free Convection Process for Fluid Layers
7.4 Experimental Work on Free Convection Effects
7.5 Effect of Radiation on Convective Effects in Cells
8. Solar Air Heaters and Their Applications
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Design Variations of Solar Air Heaters
8.3 Calculation of the Efficiency of a Flat Plate Solar Air Heater
8.4 Performance of Various Collector Types
8.5 Applications of Solar Air Heaters
9. Concentrating Collectors
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Point Focus Configurations—Parabolic Mirrors
9.3 Circular Fresnel Lenses
9.4 The Central Receiver
9.5 Concentration Limits
9.6 Point Focus Mountings
9.7 Fully Tracking Mounting Configurations
9.8 Kinematics of Fully Tracking Mountings
9.9 Generalized Heliostat
9.10 Line Focus Configurations
9.11 Parabolic Cylinder
9.12 Cylindrical Optical Mountings
9.13 Fixed Mirror Line Focus Systems
9.14 Semifixed Mirror Systems
9.15 Fixed-Mirror Moving-Absorber Systems
9.16 Mirror Materials
10. Solar Pond
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Forming and Maintaining the Stable Density Gradient
10.3 Absorption of Solar Radiation Incident upon the Pond
10.4 Theoretical Analyses of the Temperature Development in the Pond
10.5 Extraction of Heat from the Pond
10.6 Conclusion
11. Solar Furnaces
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Fundamentals of Solar Furnaces
11.3 Theoretical Concentrations
11.4 Design Examples
11.5 Procedures in High-Temperature Investigations Using a Solar Furnace
11.6 Conclusion
12. Photovoltaic Conversion
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Semiconductor Principles
12.3 The Band Theory of Solids
12.4 Optical Characteristics
12.5 Transport Characteristics
12.6 Photovoltaic Principles
12.7 Cell Fabrication
12.8 Photovoltaic Systems with Sunlight Concentration
12.9 Conclusions
13. Application of Solar Energy in Space
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Solar Cell Systems
13.3 Solar Cell Fabrication for Space
13.4 Future Space Cells and Systems
13.5, Other Solar Systems in Space
14. Conversion of Solar Energy into Electricity
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Direct Energy Conversion
14.3 Conversion through a Heat Stage
14.4 Conversion through Other Stages
14.5 Solar Energy Power System
14.6 Conclusions
15. Storage of Solar Energy
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Electrical Storage
15.3 Storage in the Form of Heat
15.4 Storage in the Form of Fuel
15.5 Storage in the Form of Potential Hydraulic Energy
15.6 Conclusion
16. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Requirements
16.3 Refrigeration Systems
16.4 Solar Cooling
16.5 A Place for Solar Cooling
17. Solar Heating and Cooling of Homes
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Solar System Types
17.3 System Components
17.4 Survey of Significant Solar-Heated and Cooled Residences
17.5 Conclusion
18. Solar Production of Hydrogen
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Solar-Hydrogen Energy System
18.3 Solar-Hydrogen Production
18.4 Conclusion
19. Solar Energy Measuring Equipment
19.1 Historical Background of Solar Radiometry
19.2 Basic Principles of Solar Radiometry
19.3 Pyrheliometers
19.4 Pyranometers
19.5 Sunshine Records
19.6 Standardization of Solar Radiometers
19.7 Commercial Solar Radiometers
19.8 Future Instrumentation
19.9 Summary of Milestones in Solar Radiometry
20. Fundamentals of Water Desalination
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Historical Summary
20.3 The Cost of Solar-Distilled Water
20.4 Configurations of Basin-Type Solar Stills
20.5 Prediction of Performance of Basin-Type Solar Stills
20.6 Solar Distillation with the Reuse of Heat Energy
20.7 The Use of Waste Heat in Solar Stills
20.8 Conclusion
21. The Economics of Solar Energy
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Economic Criteria
21.3 Cost of Some Solar Appliances
21.4 Conclusion
References
Index
- No. of pages: 526
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: November 12, 2012
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Paperback ISBN: 9780124143913
- eBook ISBN: 9780323147095
AS
A. A. M. Sayigh
Affiliations and expertise
Department of Engineering, University of Reading, UKRead Solar Energy Engineering on ScienceDirect