Social Issues in Computing

PrefaceAcknowledgmentsChapter 1. Problems and Issues 1.1. The Spectrum 1.2. Issues 1.3. Viewpoints General BibliographyChapter 2. Computer Use: Extent and Growth 2.1. The Number of Installations 2.2. Other Measures 2.3. The Change in Quality 2.4. Projections 2.5. Disparities Bibliography Problems and Further WorkChapter 3. Computer Use: Where and Why 3.1. Areas of Use 3.2. Motivating Forces 3.3. Limiting Factors 3.4. Computers in Developing Countries Bibliography Problems and Further WorkChapter 4. Files, Data Banks, and Information Systems 4.1. System Requirements 4.2. Organization 4.3. Complexity 4.4. Record Linkage 4.5. System Security Bibliography Problems and Further WorkChapter 5. Information Systems and Privacy 5.1. Personal Data 5.2. Privacy and Information Gathering 5.3. Data Banks and Dossiers 5.4. Legal Guarantees to Privacy 5.5. Balances 5.6. Proposals and Actions Bibliography Problems and Further WorkChapter 6. Surveying and Predicting 6.1. Surveys about Computers 6.2. Technological Change and Forecasting Bibliography Problems and Further WorkChapter 7. Systems, Models, and Simulations 7.1. Computers and Planning 7.2. The Systems Approach 7.3. Types of Models 7.4. A Mathematical Simulation 7.5. Discrete Event Simulation 7.6. A Stochastic Discrete Event Simulation 7.7. Social Systems Bibliography Problems and Further WorkChapter 8. Computer Capabilities and Limitations 8.1. Artificial Intelligence 8.2. Thought Processes 8.3. Computer-Assisted Instruction 8.4. Machine Limitations Bibliography Problems and Further WorkChapter 9. Computers and Employment 9.1. Technology, Productivity, and the Labor Force 9.2. Productivity and Automation: Mitigating Factors 9.3. Automation and Skill Levels 9.4. Automation and Attitudes 9.5. Some Specific Considerations Bibliography Problems and Further WorkChapter 10. The Distribution of Computer Products and Services 10.1. Antitrust Actions 10.2. Communications 10.3. Protection of Software 10.4. Standards Bibliography Problems and Further WorkChapter 11. Shifts in Power 11.1. Information as Power 11.2. Centralization versus Decentralization 11.3. Computers in the Political Process 11.4. Computers and the Individual Bibliography Problems and Further WorkChapter 12. Professionalization and Responsibility 12.1. Professional Societies 12.2. Professional Imperatives 12.3. Social Responsibilities Bibliography Problems and Further WorkChapter 13. Values, Technology, and Computers 13.1. The Nature of Values 13.2. Technologies and Values 13.3. Leisure 13.4. Value Conflict 13.5. Some Directions BibliographyAppendix. Statistical TestsIndex