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Snow Leopards
- 2nd Edition - October 12, 2023
- Editors: Tom McCarthy, David Mallon, Karin R Schwartz
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 5 7 7 5 - 8
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 8 4 5 8 - 4
Snow Leopards, Second Edition provides a foundational, comprehensive overview of the biology, ecology and conservation of this iconic species. This updated edition incorpora… Read more
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Request a sales quoteSnow Leopards, Second Edition provides a foundational, comprehensive overview of the biology, ecology and conservation of this iconic species. This updated edition incorporates all the recent information from range-wide surveys and conservation projects, the results of technical and advances particularly in genetics, camera trapping and satellite tracking, and evaluates emerging threats. New chapters synthesize the novel scientific methods and statistical analyses used to develop density and population estimates and how they inform conservation and management estimates. Sections cover historical information, the main biogeographic patterns, evolutionary trends, conservational efforts, and cultural significance.
Status and distribution are fully updated for all 12 countries where snow leopards occur. Other sections describe established and emerging threats, including human-wildlife conflict, illegal trade, infrastructure development, and climate change along with conservation solutions used to address these threats. The book concludes with a final section on global snow leopard initiatives and future potentials.
● Presents the results of the latest scientific research and conservation measures
● Edited by recognized experts with contributions from 240 of the world’s leading experts throughout the snow leopard’s range
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Contributors
- Editor Biographies
- Foreword
- Introduction
- The ecological and scientific context
- Approaches to snow leopard conservation practice
- Into the future
- References
- Preface
- Section I: Defining the snow leopard
- Chapter 1: What is a snow leopard? Taxonomy, morphology, and phylogeny
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Taxonomic history and geographical variation
- Morphological adaptations
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 2: What is a snow leopard? Behavior and ecology
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Population ecology
- Physical characteristics and capabilities
- Behavior and life history
- Ecological interactions and effects
- Snow leopard ecology in a human-dominated world
- References
- Chapter 3: What is a snow leopard? Biogeography and status overview
- Abstract
- Snow leopard biogeography
- Snow leopard population status
- The snow leopard's legal status
- Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 4: Snow leopard diet and prey
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Dietary composition
- Dietary requirements and offtake rates
- Status of prey
- Conclusions
- References
- Section II: Conservation concerns
- Chapter 5: Livestock predation by snow leopards: Conflicts and the search for solutions
- Abstract
- Acknowledgment
- Introduction
- Revisiting “human-snow leopard conflicts”
- Understanding conflicts over livestock predation
- Managing conflicts over livestock predation
- References
- Chapter 6: Living on the edge: Depletion of wild prey and survival of the snow leopard
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Study areas
- Implications of wild prey abundance for conservation management of snow leopards
- References
- Chapter 7: Illegal killing and trade
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Legal protection
- Illegal trade
- Monitoring illegal trade
- Extent of illegal killing
- Trade routes
- Country summaries
- Recommendations
- References
- Chapter 8: Climate change impacts on snow leopard range
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Climate change phenomena in snow leopard range
- Predicting future impacts of climate change on snow leopard range
- Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 9: Diseases of wild snow leopards and their wild ungulate prey
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Diseases in wild snow leopards
- Diseases in snow leopard natural ungulate prey species
- Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 10: Emerging threats to snow leopards from energy and mineral development
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Impacts of mining and energy development
- Development threats across snow leopard range
- Mitigation policy and practice
- Landscape-level mitigation in action: Mongolian Gobi case study
- Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 11: Linear infrastructure and snow leopard conservation
- Abstract
- References
- Chapter 12: Harvest of caterpillar fungus and wood by local people
- Abstract
- Caterpillar fungus
- Wood
- References
- Chapter 13: Snow leopard, common leopard, and wolf: Are they good neighbors?
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- References
- Chapter 14: Promoting coexistence through improved understanding of human perceptions, attitudes, and behavior toward snow leopards
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Understanding attitudes and human-snow leopard relationships
- Human-snow leopard relationships evolve as does culture
- Conclusions
- References
- Section III: Conservation solutions in situ
- Chapter 15: The role of mountain communities in snow leopard conservation
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- A brief overview of community involvement in snow leopard conservation
- Rationale for adopting community-based biodiversity protection and management models in snow leopard range countries
- Improving snow leopard conservation
- Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 16: Building community governance structures and institutions for snow leopard conservation
- Abstract
- The case for governance and snow leopard conservation
- Social justice and governance
- Conservation and good governance: Land tenure and representation
- Building governance institutions
- Early support for new governance institutions
- Completing the circle: Building linkages and co-management processes with government
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 17: Incentive and reward programs in snow leopard conservation
- Subchapter 17.1: Himalayan Homestays: Fostering human-snow leopard coexistence
- Subchapter 17.2: Snow Leopard Enterprises, Mongolia
- Subchapter 17.3: A review of lessons, successes, and pitfalls of livestock insurance and incentives schemes
- References
- Chapter 18: Livestock husbandry and snow leopard conservation
- Subchapter 18.1: Corral improvements
- Subchapter 18.2: The role of village reserves in revitalizing the natural prey base of the snow leopard
- Subchapter 18.3: The Ecosystem Health Program: A tool to promote the coexistence of livestock owners and snow leopards
- References
- Chapter 19: Religion and cultural impacts on snow leopards conservation
- Subchapter 19.1: Introduction
- Subchapter 19.2: Tibetan Buddhist monastery-based snow leopard conservation
- Subchapter 19.3: Shamanism in Central Asian snow leopard cultures
- Subchapter 19.4: Snow leopards in art and legend of the Pamir
- Subchapter 19.5: The order “barys” and title “snow leopard”: The snow leopard in symbolism, heraldry and numismatics
- References
- Chapter 20: Trophy hunting as a conservation tool for snow leopards
- Subchapter 20.1: The trophy hunting program: Enhancing snow leopard prey populations through community participation
- Subchapter 20.2: Argali sheep (Ovis ammon) and Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica) trophy hunting in Mongolia
- Subchapter 20.3: Hunting of prey species—A review of lessons, successes, and pitfalls: Experiences from Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan
- References
- Chapter 21: Environmental education for snow leopard conservation
- Abstract
- Introduction
- What is EE?
- Challenges in teaching snow-leopard-focused EE
- Different approaches to snow leopard EE
- Cross-border EE exchanges
- Zoos and snow leopard EE
- Monitoring and evaluation
- From awareness to action
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 22: Law enforcement in snow leopard conservation
- Abstract
- Snow leopards—Illegal killing and trade
- Case study
- Recommendations
- References
- Chapter 23: Transboundary initiatives and snow leopard conservation
- Abstract
- Transboundary conservation and snow leopards
- Rationale for transboundary collaboration
- The legal framework for transboundary conservation
- Challenges in implementing transboundary conservation
- Transboundary conservation initiatives and current status of transboundary protected areas
- Conclusions
- References
- Appendix
- Chapter 24: Corporate business and the conservation of the snow leopard: Worlds that need not collide
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Business case for conservation
- Environmental management plans
- Biodiversity offsetting
- Biodiversity action plans
- Opportunities
- Conclusions
- References
- Section IV: Conservation solutions ex situ
- Chapter 25: Management of captive snow leopards in the EAZA region
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Breakthroughs in the 1980s
- Goal of the EEP: To maintain a genetically intact population with high gene diversity
- Suggestions for improvement
- Toward global management
- Why keep snow leopards in captivity?
- References
- Further reading
- Chapter 26: Role of zoos in snow leopard conservation: The Species Survival Plan® in North America
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Management of snow leopards in North American zoos
- Collaboration and challenges
- References
- Chapter 27: Captive snow leopards as ambassadors of wild kin
- Subchapter 27.1: Kolmården Wildlife Park: Supporting snow leopards in the wild, sharing the message at home
- Subchapter 27.2: From a zoo came a true snow leopard champion
- Subchapter 27.3: Ambassadors from the roof of the world
- References
- Chapter 28: Rescue, rehabilitation, translocation, reintroduction, and captive rearing: Lessons from the other big cats
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Case study 1. Planning a jaguar reintroduction in Argentina: Combining science, publicity, and public policy
- Case study 2. The Iberian lynx: Restoring a population on the verge of extinction
- Case study 3. Genetic restoration as a management tool for endangered felids: Lessons learned from the Florida panther
- Case study 4: Rescue, rehabilitation, and reintroduction of Amur tigers into historic range in the Russian Far East
- Lessons learned
- References
- Section V: Techniques and technologies for the study of a cryptic felid
- Chapter 29: Snow leopard research—A historical perspective
- Abstract
- In the beginning
- Steady march of science
- References
- Chapter 30: From VHF to satellite GPS collars—Advancements in snow leopard telemetry
- Abstract
- Introduction
- VHF telemetry—The first studies
- Argos PPT telemetry
- GPS telemetry
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 31: Conservation genetics of snow leopards
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Non-NGS studies
- Advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods specifically for snow leopards
- Molecular dietary analysis
- Comparison of genetics with traditional methods (e.g., camera traps)
- Major gaps and priorities for filling
- Necessary steps to overcome knowledge gaps
- Glossary
- References
- Chapter 32: Camera trapping—Advancing the technology
- Abstract
- Camera-trapping applications and considerations
- Overview of camera trap technology
- Camera-trap data management
- Future directions in technology
- References
- Chapter 33: Drones for snow leopard conservation
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Mongolia case study
- Conclusions
- Addendum
- References
- Chapter 34: PAWS: Population Assessment of the World's Snow leopards
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The approach
- PAWS so far
- PAWS next steps
- Conclusion
- References
- Section VI: Snow leopard status and conservation: Regional reviews and updates
- Chapter 35: Snow leopard status and conservation in Afghanistan
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction: Historical records and past conservation efforts
- Present status of snow leopards in Afghanistan
- Current threats to snow leopard populations
- Measures to conserve the snow leopard in Afghanistan
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 36: The snow leopard in Kyrgyzstan
- Abstract
- Snow leopard habitat and distribution
- Status of snow leopard prey
- Legal protection
- Threats to snow leopards in Kyrgyzstan
- National action plan, the NSLEP, and management plans for protected areas
- Transboundary conservation initiatives
- Research
- NGOS working in Kyrgyzstan on conservation of snow leopards
- Future needs
- References
- Chapter 37: Conservation of snow leopards in Kazakhstan
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Distribution
- Conservation efforts
- Population status
- Threats
- References
- Chapter 38: The snow leopard in Tajikistan
- Abstract
- Snow leopard habitat in Tajikistan
- Snow leopard population status
- State of key prey species
- Protected areas where snow leopards occur
- Community-based and private conservancies
- Threats to snow leopards in Tajikistan
- Legal protection
- The snow leopard action plan
- NSLEP 2014–20
- Future needs and priorities
- References
- Chapter 39: The snow leopard in Uzbekistan
- Abstract
- Snow leopard status
- History of the snow leopard national strategy and action plan
- Uzbekistan's role in GSLEP process: Nomination of 24th snow leopard landscape “The Western Tien Shan”
- References
- Chapter 40: Snow leopard conservation in Bhutan
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Snow leopard population status and habitat distribution in Bhutan
- Snow leopard conservation in Bhutan
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 41: Securing India's snow leopards: Status, threats, and conservation
- Abstract
- Snow leopard range in India
- State of knowledge
- Challenges in snow leopard conservation
- Conservation efforts in India
- References
- Chapter 42: Conservation of snow leopard in Nepal
- Abstract
- Distribution status, abundance, and ecology
- References
- Chapter 43: The current state of snow leopard conservation in Pakistan
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Threats and challenges
- Snow leopard research and conservation paradigms
- Lessons learned and way forward
- References
- Chapter 44: Current status and conservation of snow leopards in Mongolia
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Status and threats
- The history of snow leopard conservation in Mongolia
- Snow leopards in law and policy
- Transboundary initiatives
- Research, monitoring, and capacity building
- Wildlife law enforcement
- Legal framework to empower communities to co-management wildlife and habitat
- Future needs to mitigate snow leopard threats
- References
- Chapter 45: Snow leopard conservation in Russia
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Current status of the snow leopard in Russia
- Genetic structure of snow leopard populations in Russia and adjacent countries
- Snow leopard dietary analysis
- Snow leopard conservation in Russia
- Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 46: Snow leopard status and conservation in China
- Abstract
- Overview on snow leopard status in China
- Snow leopard conservation in China
- Research and monitoring
- Challenges to snow leopard conservation in China
- The way forward
- References
- Section VII: The future of snow leopards
- Chapter 47: Sharing the conservation message
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Communicating conservation messages with the public
- Challenges in communicating with the public
- Communicating conservation messages within the scientific and conservation community
- Communicating the conservation message with the government
- Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 48: Global strategies for snow leopard conservation: A spot-joining synthesis
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Four snow leopard strategies
- Why conserve snow leopards?
- Where to conserve snow leopards?
- How to conserve snow leopards?
- A strategic synthesis
- References
- Chapter 49: The Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection Program
- Abstract
- Genesis: How the Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection Program was formed
- Framework: Key principles, structure, and approaches of the GSLEP
- Preparation stage and milestones of the GSLEP and the Global Forum on snow leopard conservation
- The Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection Program
- GSLEP launch, implementation, and information sharing
- Impacts
- References
- Chapter 50: Future prospects for snow leopard survival
- Abstract
- References
- Index
- No. of pages: 702
- Language: English
- Edition: 2
- Published: October 12, 2023
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Hardback ISBN: 9780323857758
- eBook ISBN: 9780323984584
TM
Tom McCarthy
DM
David Mallon
KR
Karin R Schwartz
Dr. Karin R. Schwartz is a long-standing conservation professional with extensive experience in data management as applied to conservation programs within zoological institutions as well as for regional cooperative animal management programs and in situ conservation efforts. Her dissertation research focused on linking in situ and ex situ data management processes for endangered species recovery programs through the Species360 Zoological Information Management System. She initiated and led the development of the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) records-training programs for use of Species360 software and was Co-Administrator of the Institutional Records-Keeping Course for 19 years. She has international training experience through the presentation of records training sessions for the regional zoo associations in Argentina, India, and South Korea, and for individual zoos in Ecuador, Hawaii, New York, and South Korea. Dr. Schwartz has extensive experience in international conservation efforts through involvement in IUCN/Species Survival Commission’s Conservation Planning, Conservation Translocation, Tapir, Otter, and Wildlife Health Specialist Groups. She serves as the Ex Situ/In Situ Liaison on the Management Committee of the IUCN Otter Specialist Group. She was a chapter author and editor for two books in the Biodiversity of the World series: Cheetahs: Biology and Conservation and Tree Kangaroos: Science and Conservation. These experiences led to the role of Series Editor for the Biodiversity of the World book series to oversee the development of new books on relevant endangered species.