Small Scale Power Generation Handbook
Towards Distributed Energy Systems
- 1st Edition - November 11, 2024
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Editors: Umberto Desideri, Lorenzo Ferrari
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 1 6 7 2 - 9
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 3 2 4 1 - 5
Provides an overview of various small scale sustainable energy technologies, with examples and a clear focus on technological and research issuesBeginning with an overview of the… Read more
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Request a sales quoteProvides an overview of various small scale sustainable energy technologies, with examples and a clear focus on technological and research issues
Beginning with an overview of the special characteristics, challenges, and opportunities of small scale power plants, this book goes on to provide detailed assessments of a wide variety of renewable energy generation technologies. Solar, biomass, hydroelectric, and geothermal energy generation are all addressed, with assessment of their performance, availability, reliability unique requirements for operation, maintenance, control, and grid integration.
Combining technological advances with consideration of economic and application challenges, the Small Scale Power Generation Handbook is an essential resource for graduate students, academic researchers, and industry professionals involved in the design and integration of small scale power generation for sustainable systems.
Beginning with an overview of the special characteristics, challenges, and opportunities of small scale power plants, this book goes on to provide detailed assessments of a wide variety of renewable energy generation technologies. Solar, biomass, hydroelectric, and geothermal energy generation are all addressed, with assessment of their performance, availability, reliability unique requirements for operation, maintenance, control, and grid integration.
Combining technological advances with consideration of economic and application challenges, the Small Scale Power Generation Handbook is an essential resource for graduate students, academic researchers, and industry professionals involved in the design and integration of small scale power generation for sustainable systems.
- Examines a range of cutting-edge renewable small scale generation systems, from photovoltaic to hydropower and bioenergy
- Assesses the specific advantages and disadvantages of operation, maintenance, integration, and control alongside conventional grid
- Applies technological insights to practical scenarios, case studies, and applications, supporting real-world improvements in sustainability and transition
Researchers and scholars working in the field of energy research, Technical and engineering staff of companies manufacturing small size power plants and renewable power generation systems
- Small Scale Power Generation Handbook
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Contributors
- Introduction
- Part I: General overview
- Chapter 1 Overview, trends, and future challenges of power production
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Trends in energy production
- 3 Future challenges
- 4 Concluding remarks
- References
- Chapter 2 Distributed vs. centralized generation: Advantages and drawbacks
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Main drivers and benefits of DG
- 3 Frequency and voltage regulation in power systems
- 3.1 Frequency regulation and system balance
- 3.2 Voltage regulation
- 4 Main open issues posed by the massive integration of DG, at the system level
- 5 Main open issues posed by the massive integration of DG, at the local level
- 6 Connection of DG to the power system
- 7 Reliable and sustainable smart grids
- 8 Off-grid systems
- References
- Chapter 3 Reflections on technical, economic, and systemic aspects of distributed generation
- Abstract
- Keywords
- Acknowledgment
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Techno-economic characteristics of DG technologies
- 3 On the value of modularity and ROA
- 4 The role of DG in future electricity system (systemic perspective)
- 5 Regulation and integration of DG
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- Part II: Variable renewable energy systems
- Chapter 4 Small-scale concentrated solar power plants
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Concentrator types
- 1.2 Historical overview
- 1.3 Thermal cycles used in small-scale CSPs
- 1.4 Flexible poly-generation and cost reduction
- 1.6 Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 5 Solar photovoltaic power plants
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Supporting policies
- 2.1 Financial support policies
- 2.2 R&D support policies
- 3 Materials and module technologies
- 3.1 Materials
- 3.2 Module technologies
- 4 Typical small PV systems
- 4.1 Rooftop PV system
- 4.2 PV window system
- 4.3 PV cladding system
- 4.4 PV shading system
- 4.5 Remote PV system
- 5 Operation and maintenance
- 5.1 PV forecasting system
- 5.2 PV monitoring system
- 5.3 Fault diagnosis system
- 5.4 Energy storage (ES) system
- 6 Summary
- References
- Part III: Programmable renewable energy systems
- Chapter 6 Biomass: Digestion
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Anaerobic digestion
- 1.1 Methane yield
- 1.2 Anaerobic reactors
- 2 Cogeneration of heat and power
- 3 Biomethane (carbon dioxide removal)
- 4 Hydrogen
- 5 Closing remarks
- References
- Chapter 7 Biomass—Combustion
- Abstract
- Keywords
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Shares of biomass utilization and bioelectricity generation
- 3 Biomass fuels
- 4 Biomass combustion technology
- 4.1 Furnace technologies
- 4.2 Multifuel technologies
- 4.3 Chemical looping combustion (CLC)
- 5 Electricity production by solid biomass combustion
- 5.1 Established combustion-based technologies
- 5.2 Summary microscale combustion-based applications
- 6 Concluding remarks
- References
- Chapter 8 Biomass gasification and pyrolysis
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Thermal conversion processes
- 2.1 Pyrolysis
- 2.2 Gasification
- 3 Technologies
- 3.1 Biomass pyrolysis for CHP
- 3.2 Biomass gasification for CHP
- 4 Gas cleaning system
- 4.1 Contaminants
- 4.2 Hot gas cleaning
- 4.3 Cold methods
- 4.4 Warm methods
- 4.5 Summary of gas cleaning devices
- 5 Small-scale technologies
- 5.1 Small-scale gasifiers
- 5.2 Small-scale pyrolyzers
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 9 Hydropower and pumped-hydro energy storage (PHES)
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 The hydropower sector: Novel challenges and potential
- 2 Hydropower technology overview
- 2.1 Common technologies in large- and small-scale hydropower applications
- 2.2 Technologies adopted in small-scale applications
- 3 Reversible machines and their applications in the hydropower sector
- 3.1 Pump-turbine
- 3.2 PaTs
- 4 Recent developments in the hydropower sector and the PHES
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 10 Small-scale geothermal power plants
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Historical overview
- 2 Geothermal resources
- 3 Energy conversion systems
- 4 Plant size considerations
- 5 Inventory of small geothermal plants
- 6 Technical analysis of flash-steam plants
- 7 Technical analysis of binary plants
- 8 Case study of a combined-cycle plant
- 9 Economic feasibility considerations
- 10 Conclusions and outlook
- References
- Part IV: Fuel fired power plants
- Chapter 11 Micro gas turbines
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Micro gas turbine concept
- 2 Components and manufacturing materials
- 2.1 Recuperators
- 2.2 Bearings
- 2.3 Materials and manufacturing
- 3 Combustion, fuels, and emissions
- 3.1 Fuels
- 3.2 Combustion and emissions
- 4 Integrated configurations and applications
- 4.1 Integration of an external high-temperature heat source
- 4.2 Integration with high-temperature fuel cells
- 4.3 Integration with concentrated solar power
- 4.4 Integration as energy storage technology
- 4.5 Integration in humid air cycles
- 4.6 Inverted Brayton cycle
- 5 Market overview
- 5.1 Ultra MGT
- 5.2 Domestic MGT
- 5.3 Commercial MGT
- 5.4 Large MGT
- 6 Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 12 Organic Rankine cycle systems for waste heat recovery in thermal power plants
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Overview
- 1.2 ORC systems for WHR
- 2 ORC theoretical principles
- 2.1 Cycle analysis and thermodynamic evaluation criteria
- 2.2 Advanced WHR-ORC configurations
- 2.3 Heat source properties and limitations
- 3 WHR-ORCs from thermal power plants
- 3.1 Diesel engines
- 3.2 Gas turbines
- 3.3 Lignite/coal-fired power plants
- 4 Thermoeconomics of WHR-ORCs
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- Part V: Integration of small-scale power systems
- Chapter 13 Batteries, supercapacitors, and flywheels
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Storage of electrical energy
- 2 Fundamental characteristics of BESs
- 2.1 General characteristics
- 2.2 Self-discharge
- 2.3 Useful life
- 2.4 Nominal values
- 2.5 Charging techniques
- 3 Main types of batteries
- 3.1 Lead-acid batteries
- 3.2 Ni-MH batteries
- 3.3 Lithium-based batteries
- 3.4 Redox flow batteries
- 4 Lead-acid batteries
- 4.1 Operation principle
- 4.2 Typologies
- 5 Ni-MH batteries
- 5.1 Operation principle
- 6 Lithium batteries
- 6.1 Operation principle
- 6.2 Typologies
- 6.3 Safety
- 7 Redox flow batteries
- 7.1 Operation principle
- 7.2 Classification
- 8 An example of a hot battery: The Na—Ni—Cl battery
- 9 Mathematical black-box models
- 10 Supercapacitors
- 11 Flywheels
- 11.1 Operation principle
- 11.2 Classification
- 12 Battery selection criteria
- 12.1 Characteristic parameters
- 12.2 Specific power, energy, and Ragone plots
- 12.3 Choosing a storage system based on technical specifications
- 13 Coupling with converters and hybrid storage
- References
- Chapter 14 Electric energy storage based on thermomechanical concepts
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Medium-to-long-duration storage for improving renewables’ integration
- 1.2 The need for new and alternative technologies
- 2 Technology overview
- 2.1 CAES
- 2.2 LAES
- 2.3 PTES and other power-to-heat-to-power technologies
- 2.4 Technology comparison
- 3 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 15 Power-to-hydrogen systems
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Hydrogen generation through electrolysis
- 2.1 Alkaline electrolysis
- 2.2 PEM electrolysis
- 2.3 AEM electrolysis
- 2.4 Solid oxide electrolysis
- 2.5 PCCCs
- 3 Options for stationary hydrogen storage
- 4 P2H systems
- 4.1 Coupling with renewable energy
- 4.2 Sector coupling potential
- 5 Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 16 Power to fuel
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Renewable energy storage
- 1.2 Decarbonization of fuels
- 1.3 CO2 recycling
- 2 Technology review of PtF production routes
- 2.1 Electrolyzers
- 2.2 Carbon sources and capture technologies
- 2.3 Power to methane
- 2.4 Power to alcohols
- 2.5 Power to Dimethyl ether and OMEn
- 2.6 Power to FT synthesis products
- 3 Sectors of application and potential implementation
- 3.1 Transport sector
- 3.2 Power sector
- 4 Economic assessment and technological readiness
- 4.1 Power to methane
- 4.2 Power to methanol and other fuels
- References
- Chapter 17 Flow batteries
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 The principle, structure and classification of flow batteries
- 1.1 The brief principle and construction of flow batteries
- 1.2 The classification of flow batteries
- 2 The key materials, stack and system of flow batteries
- 2.1 The key materials of flow batteries: Electrodes
- 2.2 The key materials of flow batteries: Electrolytes
- 2.3 The key materials of flow batteries: Membranes
- 2.4 Stack and system of flow batteries
- 2.5 Flow batteries simulation for design and optimization
- 3 Advantages and potentials of flow batteries
- 4 Applications of flow batteries
- 5 Challenges and prospectives of flow batteries
- References
- Part VI: Emerging technologies
- Chapter 18 Ocean energy
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Introduction
- 2 State of the art of ocean energy for small-scale power generation
- 3 State of the art of OTEC for small-scale generation
- 3.1 Background
- 3.2 Classification of OTEC cycles
- 3.3 Types of OTEC plants
- 3.4 Overview of current OTEC installations worldwide
- 4 Evaluation of the geographical potential for OTEC implementation
- 5 Main components and modeling of an OTEC power plant
- 5.1 Power plant description
- 5.2 Thermodynamic modeling
- 6 Results and discussions
- 6.1 Working fluids optimization study
- 6.2 Effects of deep seawater temperature difference
- 6.3 Effects of surface seawater temperature variation
- 7 Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 19 Fuel cells
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Working principles of fuel cells
- 3 Single cell, stack, system
- 4 Fuels used for fuel cells
- 4.1 Stationary applications for fuel cells
- 4.2 Current trends in the development of stationary fuel cell systems
- 5 Summary and outlook
- References
- Index
- Edition: 1
- Published: November 11, 2024
- No. of pages (Paperback): 588
- No. of pages (eBook): 500
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9780128216729
- eBook ISBN: 9780128232415
UD
Umberto Desideri
Umberto Desideri is a full-time professor of thermal machines at the University of Pisa, Italy with over 30 years of experience in research and teaching in energy systems, power plant technology, renewable energy, and energy efficiency. Professor Desideri has authored more than 300 scientific publications including journal articles, conference proceedings, and book chapters and is also the editor of Applied Energy. In his career, he has also been guest editor for special issues of scientific journals, editor for books, and has an extensive network of contacts. He is also a reviewer for several scientific journals, which allows him to stay up-to-date on new findings and research activities.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor of Thermal Machines, University of Pisa, ItalyLF
Lorenzo Ferrari
Lorenzo Ferrari is a full-time professor of energy conversion systems at the University of Pisa, Italy. He has over 25 years of research experience in modeling, optimizing, and controlling energy systems. His main research areas include renewable energy, distributed generation, waste heat recovery, hydrogen technology, and energy storage. He has authored more than 200 scientific publications, including journal articles, conference proceedings, and book chapters. Additionally, he has served as a guest editor for numerous special issues and is an associate editor for several academic journals.
Affiliations and expertise
Assistant Professor, University of Pisa, ItalyRead Small Scale Power Generation Handbook on ScienceDirect