Side Effects of Drugs Annual

1st Edition, Volume 45 - October 30, 2023
Editor: Sidhartha D. Ray
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 9 3 9 6 - 5
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 9 3 9 7 - 2

Side Effects of Drugs Annual: A Worldwide Yearly Survey of New Data in Adverse Drug Reactions, Volume 45, first published in 1977, presents clinicians and medical investiga… Read more

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Side Effects of Drugs Annual: A Worldwide Yearly Survey of New Data in Adverse Drug Reactions, Volume 45, first published in 1977, presents clinicians and medical investigators with a critical survey of new data and trends in adverse drug reactions and interactions. Topics covered include ADRs, ADEs and SEDs: A Bird’s Eye View, Lithium, Drugs of abuse, Side effects of drugs used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, Sedatives and hypnotics, Antipsychotic agents, Anti-epileptic Medications, Side effects of opioid analgesics and narcotic antagonists, Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic analgesics and drugs used in gout, Side effects of local anesthetics and therapeutic gases, and more.

Other sections covered include Antihistamines (H1 receptor antagonists), Drugs that act on the respiratory tract, Positive inotropic drugs and drugs used in dysrhythmias, Beta adrenergic antagonists and antianginal drugs, Drugs acting on the cerebral and peripheral circulations, Antihypertensive drugs, and much much more.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Preface
Special Reviews in SEDA 45
Table of Essays, Annuals 1–44
Abbreviations
ADRs and ADEs: Focus on drug-antibody conjugates, pharmacogenomics, and COVID19 vaccines
Introduction
Pharmacogenomic considerations
Immunological/hypersensitivity reactions
Vaccine-induced adverse effects
Analysis of toxicological reactions
Antibody-drug conjugates
Grades of adverse drug reactions
FDA pregnancy categories/classification of teratogenicity
References [Clinicians are suggested to be aware of the information contained in the following literature originating from regulatory agencies; Readers are advised to follow the most up-to-date info posted on respective websites prior to advising patients]
Conclusion
Chapter 1 Side effects of lithium
Abstract
Introduction
References
Chapter 2 Side effects of drugs of abuse
Abstract
Introduction
Prescription drugs
Illicit drugs
Over the counter (OTC) drugs
Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 Side effects of drugs used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Abstract
Introduction
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine) [SEDA-42, 55–60; SEDA-43, 71–75; SEDA-44, 69–73]
Aducanumab [SEDA-44, 73]
Memantine [SEDA-42, 60–63; SEDA-43, 75–76; SEDA-44, 73–74]
Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 Side effects of sedatives and hypnotics
Abstract
Benzodiazepines (Aronson, 2016) [R]; (Sobolewski, 2021) [R]; (Haghparast et al., 2020) [R]
Remimazolam
Benzodiazepine receptor agonists (Aronson, 2016) [R]; (Sobolewski, 2021) [R]; (Haghparast et al., 2020) [R]
Orexin receptor antagonists (Aronson, 2016) [R]; (Sobolewski, 2021) [R]; (Haghparast et al., 2020) [R]
Melatonin receptor agonists (Aronson, 2016) [R]; (Sobolewski, 2021) [R]; (Haghparast et al., 2020) [R]
Multiple drugs
References
Chapter 5 Side effects of antipsychotic agents
Abstract
Introduction
FGAS
SGA
Conclusion
References
Chapter 6 Side effects of antiseizure medications
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor agonists (Aronson, 2016) [R]; (Maroney & Markovic, 2022) [R]; (Maroney & Markovic, 2021) [R]; (Walker & Ray, 2020) [R]
GABA reuptake inhibitors (Aronson, 2016) [R]; (Maroney & Markovic, 2022) [R]; (Maroney & Markovic, 2021) [R]; (Walker & Ray, 2020) [R]
GABA transaminase inhibitors (Aronson, 2016) [R]; (Maroney & Markovic, 2022) [R]; (Maroney & Markovic, 2021) [R]; (Walker & Ray, 2020) [R]
GABA analogues (Aronson, 2016) [R]; (Maroney & Markovic, 2022) [R]; (Maroney & Markovic, 2021) [R]; (Walker & Ray, 2020) [R]
Sodium channel blockers (Aronson, 2016) [R]; (Maroney & Markovic, 2021) [R]; (Walker & Ray, 2020) [R]
Glutamate blockers (Aronson, 2016) [R]; (Maroney & Markovic, 2022) [R]; (Maroney & Markovic, 2021) [R]; (Walker & Ray, 2020) [R]
Miscellaneous other mechanisms of action (Aronson, 2016) [R]; (Maroney & Markovic, 2022) [R]; (Maroney & Markovic, 2021) [R]; (Walker & Ray, 2020) [R]
Multiple drugs
References
Chapter 7 Side effects of opioid analgesics and opioid antagonists
Abstract
Introduction
Opioid full agonists [see Fig. 1; SEDA-41, 97; SEDA-42, 115, SEDA-43, 123; SEDA-44, 173]
Partial opioid agonist/antagonist combination [see Fig. 2; SEDA-41, 97; SEDA-42, 115, SEDA-43, 123; SEDA-44, 173]
Opioid antagonists [see Fig. 2; SEDA-41, 97; SEDA-42, 115, SEDA-43, 123; SEDA-44, 173]
References
Chapter 8 Side effects of anti-inflammatory and antipyretic analgesics and drugs used in gout
Abstract
Aniline derivatives [SEDA-43, 135; SEDA-44, 185]
Propionic acid derivatives [SEDA-43, 142; SEDA-44, 194]
Arylalkanoic acid derivatives [SEDA-43, 140; SEDA-44, 190]
Salicylates [SEDA-42, 136; SEDA-43, 145]
Drugs used in the treatment of gout [SEDA-43, 146; SEDA-44, 195]
References
Chapter 9 Side effects of general anaesthetics and therapeutic gases
Abstract
Introduction
Intravenous Agents
A Comparison of Adverse Drug Reactions from Ciprofol and Propofol
Ciprofol and Propofol for Anaesthesia for Elective Surgery
Ciprofol and Propofol for Renal Transplant
Dexmedetomidine
Dexmedetomidine as Procedural Sedation in Preterm and Neonate Infants
Intranasal Dexmedetomidine in Elderly Patients
Dexmedetomidine vs. Propofol for Sedation in Critically Ill Adults
Low-Dose Dexmedetomidine Use in Children Undergoing OGD
Dexmedetomidine in Lower Limb Arthroplasties
The Effects of Dexmedetomidine in Critically Ill Neonates
Dexmedetomidine for Procedural Sedation in Children
Dexmedetomidine vs. Propofol Sedation in Flexible Bronchoscopy
Dexmedetomidine Combined with Propofol for ERCP Sedation in the Elderly
Dexmedetomidine-Suspected Fever
Acute Dexmedetomidine Poisoning
Esketamine
Etomidate
Haemodynamic Consequences Using Ketamine in the Pre-Hospital Setting
Ketamine
Propofol
Effect of Sevoflurane and Propofol on Left Ventricular Strain Profiles
Haemodynamic Effects of Ketamine and Propofol in Paediatric Populations
Propofol Infusion Syndrome in Critically Ill Patients
Post-Operative Delirium and Use of Volatile Anaesthetics in the Elderly
Ciprofol in Elective Gynaecological Surgery
Inhalational vs. Intravenous Anaesthesia on Recovery Quality
Methohexital and Propofol in Elective Cardioversion
Emergence Delirium after General Anaesthesia
Choice of Sedation for ASD Closure
Inhalational Agents
Effect of Propofol vs. Desflurane on QTc Prolongation
Methoxyflurane
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis with Recreational N2O Use
Pulmonary embolus Associated N2O Use
Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD) Thrombosis after High-Dose N2O Use
N2O for Analgesia in ED
Sevoflurane
Renal Function during Sevoflurane or TIVA Anaesthesia
Xenon
References
Chapter 10 Side effects of antihistamines (H1 receptor antagonists)
Abstract
Azelastine [SEDA-41, 163; SEDA-43, 189]
Bilastine [SEDA-41, 163; SEDA-43, 190–191]
Cetirizine [SEDA-41, 164; SEDA-42, 166; SEDA-43, 191–192]
Chlorpheniramine [SEDA-42, 166–167; SEDA-43, 192–193]
Cinnarizine
Cyproheptadine [SEDA-41, 164]
Diphenhydramine [SEDA-41, 165–166; SEDA-42, 167–168; SEDA-43, 193–195]
Flunarizine [SEDA-41, 167–168; SEDA-42, 169]
Hydroxyzine [SEDA-41, 168]
Loratadine
Olopatadine [SEDA-42, 169; SEDA-43, 195]
References
Chapter 11 Side effects of drugs that act on the respiratory tract
Abstract
Inhaled glucocorticoids [SEDA-36, 241; SEDA-37, 195; SEDA-38, 153; SEDA-39, 161; SEDA-40, 217; SEDA-41, 171; SEDA-42, 171]
Leukotriene modifiers [SEDA-36, 245; SEDA-37, 197; SEDA-38, 160; SEDA-39, 166; SEDA-40, 219; SEDA-41, 172; SEDA-42, 172; SEDA-43, 197; SEDA-44, 409]
β2-Adrenoceptor agonists [SEDA-36, 245; SEDA-37, 197; SEDA-38, 155; SEDA-39, 163; SEDA-40, 220; SEDA-41, 173]
Anticholinergic drugs [SEDA-36, 245; SEDA-37, 197; SEDA-38, 158; SEDA-39, 165; SEDA-40, 222; SEDA-41, 175; SEDA-42, 173; SEDA-43, 198; SEDA-44, 409]
Anti-fibrotic therapies [SEDA-40, 224; SEDA-41, 177; SEDA-42, 175; SEDA-43, 199; SEDA-44, 409]
Monoclonal antibodies [SEDA-38, 161; SEDA-39, 167; SEDA-40, 225; SEDA-41, 179; SEDA-42, 178; SEDA-43, 202; SEDA-44, 409]
References
Chapter 12 Side effects of positive inotropic drugs and drugs used in dysrhythmias
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides [SEDA-42, 183–193; SEDA-43, 207–209; SEDA-44, 121–122]
Antidysrhythmic drugs
Inotropes
References
Chapter 13 Side effects of β-adrenergic antagonists and antianginal drugs
Abstract
Introduction
Beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists [SEDA-42, 195; SEDA-43, 219; SEDA-44, 133]
Adverse effects associated with propranolol and other BB use for the treatment of infantile hemangioma (IH)
Calcium channel blockers [SEDA-42, 199; SEDA-43, 225; SEDA-44, 144]
Inhibitors of fatty acid oxidation [SEDA-42, 203; SEDA-43, 223; SEDA-44, 149]
Late sodium inhibitor [SEDA-41, 203; SEDA-42, 20; SEDA-44, 149]
Potassium channel activators [SEDA-41, 202; SEDA-44, 150]
References
Chapter 14 Side effects of drugs acting on the cerebral and peripheral circulations
Abstract
Drugs used in the treatment of migraines [SEDA-42, 207–208; SEDA-43, 237–239; SEDA-44, 17–19]
Drugs used in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension [SEDA-42, 208–209; SEDA-43, 239–240; SEDA-44, 19–21]
Peripheral vasodilators [SEDA-42, 209–210; SEDA-43, 240–241; SEDA-44, 21–22]
Peripheral vasocontrictors [SEDA-42, 210–213; SEDA-43, 241–246; SEDA-44, 22–23]
References
Chapter 15 Side effects of antihypertensive drugs
Abstract
Introduction
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors [SEDA-40, 263; SEDA-41, 219–220; SEDA-42, 215–216; SEDA 43, 249–250; SEDA 44, 112–113]
Angiotensin receptor blockers [SEDA-40, 263–264; SEDA-41, 220–221; SEDA-42, 216–218; SEDA-43, 250–251; SEDA-44, 113–114]
Beta blockers [SEDA-40, 264–265; SEDA-41, 221–222; SEDA-42, 218–221; SEDA-43, 251–254; SEDA-44, 114–115]
Calcium channel blockers [SEDA-40, 265; SEDA-41, 222–223; SEDA-42, 221–223; SEDA-43, 254–256; SEDA-44, 116]
Alpha-1 antagonists [SEDA-15, 3303; SEDA-33, 426; SEDA-35, 378; SEDA-41, 224]
Alpha-2 agonists [SEDA-41, 224; SEDA-42, 224–225; SEDA-44, 118]
Vasodilators [SEDA-41, 224–225; SEDA-42, 225; SEDA-44, 118–119]
References
Chapter 16 Side effects of diuretics
Abstract
Aldosterone receptor antagonists [SEDA-41, 235; SEDA-42, 227; SEDA-43, 259]
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors [SEDA-41, 227; SEDA-42, 229; SEDA-43, 262]
Loop diuretics [SEDA-41, 228; SEDA-42, 232; SEDA-43, 261]
Thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics [SEDA-42, 223; SEDA-43, 256; SEDA-44, 116]
References
Chapter 17 Side effects of metals and metal antagonists
Abstract
Introduction
Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (SEDA-43, 267; SEDA-44, 421)
D-penicillamine (SEDA-40, 279; SEDA-41, 237; SEDA-42, 239; SEDA-43, 267; SEDA-44, 421)
Polystyrene sulfonates (kayexalate or kalimate) (SEDA-43, 267; SEDA-44, 421)
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SEDA-43, 267; SEDA-44, 421)
References
Chapter 18 Side effects of antiseptic drugs and disinfectants with experience of the third year of COVID-19
Abstract
Special review: Antiseptic drugs and disinfectants during COVID-19
Aldehydes [SEDA-39, 209; SEDA-40, 289; SEDA-41, 251; SEDA-42, 247; SEDA-43, 279; SEDA-44, 369]
Benzalkonium compounds [SEDA-39, 212; SEDA-40, 292; SEDA-41, 253; SEDA-42, 249; SEDA-43, 281; SEDA-44, 372]
Guanidines
Halogens
References
Chapter 19 Side effects of beta-lactams and tetracyclines
Abstract
Carbapenems and monobactams
Cephalosporins
Penicillins
Tetracyclines
References
Chapter 20 Side effects of miscellaneous antibacterial drugs
Abstract
Introduction
Tetracyclines
Doxycycline
Minocycline
Eravacycline
Lincosamides
Macrolides
Fluoroquinolones
Levofloxacin
Moxifloxacin
Glycopeptides
Oxazolidinones
Antibiotics, miscellaneous
Nitrofurantoin
Polymyxin B
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
Daptomycin
Conclusion
References
Chapter 21 Side effects of antiprotozoal drugs
Abstract
Anti-malarials [SEDA-40, 337; SEDA-41, 293; SEDA-42, 279]
Leishmaniasis therapies [SEDA-40, 337; SEDA-41, 293; SEDA-42, 279]
Other anti-protozoals [SEDA-40, 337; SEDA-41, 293; SEDA-42, 279]
References
Chapter 22 Side effects of antifungals
Abstract
Allylamines
Azoles
Echinocandins
Polyenes
Triterpenoid
References
Chapter 23 Side effects of antiviral drugs
Abstract
Drugs active against cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Drugs active against hepatitis B virus (HBV)
Drugs active against hepatitis C virus (HCV)
Drugs active against herpes simplex virus-1, -2 (HSV-1, HSV-2)
Drugs active against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): Integrase inhibitors (INSTIs)
Drugs active against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)
Drugs active against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): Nucleoside/-tide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
Drugs active against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): Protease inhibitors (PIs)
Conclusion
References
Further reading
Chapter 24 Side effects of drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis and leprosy
Abstract
General
Aminoglycosides
Bedaquiline
Carbapenems
Clofazimine
Dapsone
Delamanid
Ethambutol
Fluoroquinolones
Isoniazid
Linezolid
Pretomanid
Pyrazinamide
Rifampicin (rifampin)
Rifamycin
Rifapentine
References
Chapter 25 Side effects of vaccines
Abstract
Viral vaccines
Bacterial vaccines
Cross references
References
Chapter 26 Side effects of antihelminthic drugs
Abstract
Albendazole
Diethylcarbamazine
Ivermectin
Levamisole
Moxidectin
Praziquantel
References
Chapter 27 Blood and blood treatments
Abstract
Introduction
Antigens
Coagulation proteins
Cord blood infusion
DNA damaging agent
Erythropoietin
Gene therapy
Immunoglobulins
COVID-19
Immunosuppressants
Platelets
References
Further reading
Chapter 28 Side effects of drugs that affect blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and hemostasis
Abstract
Warfarin and direct acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) [SEDA-44, 247 SEDA-43, 393; SEDA-42, 337]
Apixaban
Asundexian
Dabigatran
Rivaroxaban
Warfarin
Parenteral anticoagulants
Enoxaparin
Unfractionated heparin
Prothrombotic agents [SEDA-44, 255; SEDA-43, 407; SEDA-42, 350]
TXA
Anticoagulant reversal agents [SEDA-44, 256; SEDA-43, 408; SEDA-42, 353]
Thrombolytic agents [SEDA-44, 257; SEDA-43, 410; SEDA-42, 354]
Alteplase
References
Further reading
Chapter 29 Side effects of gastrointestinal drugs
Abstract
Acid-impacting agents
Cathartics, laxatives, and prokinetic agents
Antiemetic agents
Anti-inflammatory agents
Miscellaneous GI agents
Biologics
References
Chapter 30 Side effects of agents that influence corticotrophins, corticosteroids, and prostaglandins
Abstract
Introduction
Corticotrophins [SEDA-36, 603; SEDA-37, 491; SEDA-38, 425; SEDA-42, 402]
Systemic glucocorticoids [SEDA-36, 604; SEDA-37, 492; SEDA-38, 425; SEDA-42]
Prostaglandins and analogues [SEDA-35; SEDA-36, 604; SEDA-37, 494; SEDA-38, 428; SEDA-42]
References
Chapter 31 Sex hormones, related compounds and hormonal contraceptives including miscellaneous hormones
Abstract
Introduction
Second generation androgen receptor antagonists
Estrogen receptor antagonists
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists
Aromatase inhibitors
Selective estrogen receptor modulators
Progestins
Estrogens
Hormonal contraceptives
Combined oral contraceptives
Testosterone replacement therapy
Anabolics, androgens, and related compounds
Recombinant human growth hormones
Ergot alkaloids
Oxytocin
References
Chapter 32 Side effects of thyroid hormones, iodine, and iodides, and antithyroid drugs
Abstract
Thyroid hormones (SEDA-42, 431–433; SEDA-43, 441–446; SEDA-44, 461–464)
Thionamides (SEDA-42, 433–439; SEDA-43, 446–448; SEDA-44, 464–466)
Radioactive iodine (SEDA-42, 439; SEDA-43, 448; SEDA-44, 466–468)
References
Chapter 33 Side effects of insulin and other antihyperglycemic drugs
Abstract
Introduction
Insulin [Fig. 1; SEDA-34, 685; SEDA-36, 645; SEDA-37, 521; SEDA-38, 453; SEDA-39, 439; SEDA-40, 541; SEDA-41, 498; SEDA-42, 445; SEDA-43, 451, SEDA-44, 397]
Antihyperglycemic drugs [see also Fig. 2] [SEDA-33, 894; SEDA-34, 688; SEDA-36, 648; SEDA-37, 526; SEDA-38, 454; SEDA-39, 435; SEDA-40, 540; SEDA-41, 496; SEDA-42, 443; SEDA-43, 451, SEDA-44, 397]
References
Chapter 34 Side effects of anti-lipid medications
Abstract
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
Fibric acid derivatives
Omega-3 fatty acids
Icosapent ethyl
Niacin
Ezetimibe
Bempedoic acid
PCSK9 inhibitors
Alirocumab
Inclisiran
Bile acid sequestrants
References
Further reading
Chapter 35 Side effects of drugs for metabolic bone disease
Abstract
Introduction [SEDA-44]
Bisphosphonates [SEDA-44, 472]
Burosumab [SEDA-44, 475]
Calcitonin [SEDA-44, 475]
Denosumab [SEDA-44, 475]
Romosozumab [SEDA-44, 477]
Teriparatide and abaloparatide [SEDA-44, 478]
Conclusion
References
Chapter 36 Side effects of drugs used in ocular treatment
Abstract
Introduction
Medications used to treat glaucoma
Ophthalmic anti-inflammatory agents
Anti-microbials
Medications used to treat dry eye
Conclusion
References
Chapter 37 Side effects, adverse drug reactions and adverse drug events of psychotropic, antiepileptic, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and antibiotics in pregnancy
Abstract
Antidepressant drugs [see SEDA-41]
Antipsychotics
Antiepileptic drugs [also see SEDA-41, 510–511]
Antihypertensive drugs [also see SEDA-41, 512–513]
Antidiabetic drugs [also see SEDA-41, 513–515]
Antibiotics
References
Further reading
Chapter 38 Side effects of vitamins, amino acids, nutrition, and complementary and alternative medicine
Abstract
Vitamin A [acitretin, alitretinoin, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), 13-cis retinoic acid (isotretinoin), carotenoids, etretinate] [SEDA-41, 387; SEDA-43, 513; SEDA-44, 496]
Vitamins of the B group [SEDA-41, 390; SEDA-43, 518; SEDA-44, 499]
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) [SEDA-41, 392; SEDA-43, 519; SEDA-44, 499]
Vitamin D analogues [SEDA-41, 393; SEDA-43, 519; SEDA-44, 501]
Vitamin E (tocopherol) [SEDA-41, 394; SEDA-43, 521; SEDA-44, 501]
Vitamin K analogues [SEDA-41, 394; SEDA-43, 521; SEDA-44, 503]
Amino acids [SEDA-41, 394; SEDA-43, 522; SEDA-44, 503]
Enteral nutrition [SEDA-41, 396; SEDA-43, 523; SEDA-44, 503]
Parenteral nutrition [SEDA-41, 397; SEDA-43, 523; SEDA-44, 504]
Complementary and alternative medicine [SEDA-42, 483; SEDA-43, 493; SEDA-44, 505]
Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
Chapter 39 Immunomodulatory drug-induced hypophysitis and other immunomodulatory adverse reactions in multiple organ systems
Abstract
Introduction
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) [see SEDA-22, 447]
ICI-combination-induced adverse effects
Investigational medication
Conclusion
References
Chapter 40 Side effects of radiocontrast agents and radiopharmaceuticals
Abstract
Introduction
Iodine-based contrast agents [SEDA-40, 579; SEDA-41, 531; SEDA-42, 459]
Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) [SEDA-40, 579; SEDA-41, 531; SEDA-42, 459]
Iron-oxide contrast agents
Radiopharmaceuticals [SEDA-40, 579; SEDA-41, 531; SEDA-42, 459]
References
Chapter 41 Side effects of contaminants associated with medications and drug withdrawal
Abstract
Contaminants associated with medications and drug withdrawal
Medications associated with nitrosamine contamination
Adulterated products
Conclusion
References
Reviewers
Index of Drugs
Index of Drug-Drug Interactions
Index of Adverse Effects and Adverse Reactions

Sidhartha D. Ray

Sidhartha D. Ray, PhD, FACN serves as a Senior Professor of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences at The Touro College of Pharmacy at Manhattan, New York. Prior to this he served as Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences for nearly 2 decades at the Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences of Long Island University, New York, and as the founding chair of Pharmaceutical Science department at Manchester University College of Pharmacy, Indiana, USA. He has been in the health sciences academy for over 35 years mainly focusing on pharmacy teaching, research and service. Dr. Ray's research program focus on drug & chemical induced organ toxicology, mechanistic & molecular toxicology, adverse drug reaction mechanisms, side effects of a number of therapeutically relevant drugs and environmentally significant chemicals. Over the last two decades, Dr. Ray’s seminal discoveries have provided clear understandings on the dynamic role of apoptosis, necrosis and necraptosis during organotoxic reactions and have influenced the development of safety measures for a stunning variety of xenobiotics, phytochemicals and nutraceuticals. He is internationally recognized as a leader in the scientific community and was one of the front runners in exploring mechanisms of drug and chemical-induced programmed and un-programmed cell death in in-vivo models. His landmark studies on the interplay of bcl-2, bcl-xl, p53, bad and bax during acetaminophen induced cell death and its prevention by grape seed proanthocyanidin extract has earned worldwide citations. His peer recognition and acknowledged service contributions are reflected by his election into multiple international professional organizations, such as the Society of Toxicology (SOT), Society of Free Radical Biology & Medicine (SFRBM), American Society of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET), American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) and American College of Nutrition (ACN). Dr. Ray is an Associate Editor of Encyclopedia of Toxicology (3rd Ed, Elsevier, 2014), and serves on the editorial boards of multiple prestigious international journals, including ‘Archives of Toxicology’ and ‘Oxidative Medicine & Cellular Longevity’. Based on his contributions to teaching, service and scholarship to health sciences in general, Dr. Ray received multiple prestigious awards, inc. the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology’s national research award (1996), ‘Fellow of the American College of Nutrition’ honor in 1999, David Newton Award for Excellence in Teaching Pharmacy (2005), the Biennial Abraham Krasnoff Memorial Award for Lifetime Scholarly Achievement (2008), Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy & Health Science’s ‘Wall-of-Fame’ honor (2011), the Society of Toxicology’s ‘Undergraduate Educator of the Year’ national award (2013), and the Manchester University’s ‘Outstanding Scholar of the Year’ award (2014). He currently serves on the SOT-NIH–NLM’s joint Toxlearn Project, SOT Undergraduate Task Force (2007 – present), and has previously served on the SOT’s Education Committee (2007 – 2010). In his lifetime, Dr. Ray has mentored research to numerous PharmD, MS, MD and PhD students in a number of areas of toxicology and biomedical sciences, made seminal contributions to the fields of pharmacology, toxicology, free radical biology, anticancer mechanism, phytochemicals, nutraceuticals & dietary supplements, and molecular safety sciences. Dr. Ray loves to promote ‘Lifelong Learning’ strategies to his students and clearly models his beliefs day in and day out. Visit URL: www.sidhartharay.com/ for more details.

Affiliations and expertise

Senior Professor of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Touro College of Pharmacy, Touro University System, Manhattan, NY, USA

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Sidhartha D. Ray