Sensorimotor Rehabilitation

At the Crossroads of Basic and Clinical Sciences

1st Edition, Volume 218 - April 14, 2015

Editors: Numa Dancause, Sylvie Nadeau, Serge Rossignol

Hardback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 6 3 5 6 5 - 5

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9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 6 3 5 6 7 - 9

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This volume of Progress in Brain Research focuses on Sensorimotor Rehabilitation.

Preface
Chapter 1: Comprehensive assessment of walking function after human spinal cord injury
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Clinical Assessments of Recovery
- 3 Clinical Neurophysiology
- 4 Gait Analysis
- 5 Neural Control of Walking
- 6 Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 2: Translating mechanisms of neuroprotection, regeneration, and repair to treatment of spinal cord injury
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Clinical Intervention
- 3 Rehabilitation
- 4 Neuroprotective Strategies
- 5 Cell-Based Therapies
- 6 Targeting Neuroregeneration
- 7 Promoting Plasticity and Regeneration Through Rehabilitation
- 8 Combinatorial Therapy as the Approach in the Future
- 9 Conclusion
Chapter 3: High-resolution imaging of the central nervous system: how novel imaging methods combined with navigation strategies will advance patient care
- Abstract
- Highlights
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Advances in High-resolution Imaging of the Human Brain and Spinal Cord
- 3 Optical Coherence Tomography
- 4 Fluorescence-guided Surgery
- 5 CARS Microscopy
- 6 Advances in Imaging Atlases
- 7 Histological/Stain Atlases
- 8 High-resolution MRI-based Atlases
- 9 RNA and Subcellular Imaging Atlases
- 10 Future of Imaging Atlases
- 11 Clinical Applications
- 12 Neuronavigation
- 13 Conclusion
Chapter 4: Assessment of transmission in specific descending pathways in relation to gait and balance following spinal cord injury
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methods
- 3 Results
- 4 Discussion
- 5 Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 5: Exciting recovery: augmenting practice with stimulation to optimize outcomes after spinal cord injury
- Abstract
- 1 Priming the Nervous System to Improve Responsiveness to Training
- 2 Hand/arm Impairment After SCI
- 3 Limitations in Walking Function After SCI
- 4 Conclusions
Chapter 6: Facilitation of descending excitatory and spinal inhibitory networks from training of endurance and precision walking in participants with incomplete spinal cord injury
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methods
- 3 Results
- 4 Discussion
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 7: Targeted neuroplasticity for rehabilitation
- Abstract
- 1 Targeted Neuroplasticity Induced Through Operant Conditioning
- 2 Plasticity Associated with Reflex Conditioning
- 3 Essentials of Operant Conditioning of EMG Responses Produced by Specific CNS Pathways in Humans
- 4 Functional Impact of Conditioning: Negotiation of Plasticity
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 8: The “beneficial” effects of locomotor training after various types of spinal lesions in cats and rats
- Abstract
- 1 Locomotor Training After a Complete Spinal Section
- 2 Incomplete SCI
- 3 Training of Skilled Locomotion in Cats
- 4 Locomotor Training and Changes in Reflexes
- 5 Locomotor Training in Rodents (Robotic and Manual Training)
- 6 Concluding Remarks
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 9: Electrophysiological mapping of rat sensorimotor lumbosacral spinal networks after complete paralysis
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Methods
- 3 Implant Fabrication
- 4 Control Box and Multiplexer Circuit Board Description
- 5 Head Connector and Intramuscular EMG Electrode Implantation
- 6 Spinal Cord Transection and Array Implantation
- 7 Stimulation and Testing Procedures
- 8 Data Collection and Analysis
- 9 Results
- 10 Discussion
- 11 Incongruity of Clinical and Physiological Assessments of Completeness of Paralysis: Need for the Ability to Record Evoked Potentials from the Spinal Cord
- 12 Comparison Between Traditional Wired Electrodes and Multielectrode Arrays
- 13 Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Specific Sensorimotor Integration Impacting Motor Function via the Electrode Array After SCI
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 10: The extracellular matrix in plasticity and regeneration after CNS injury and neurodegenerative disease
- Abstract
- 1 Promoting CNS Plasticity and Rehabilitation
- 2 Plasticity, Memory, and Alzheimer's Disease
- 3 How Do Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans Control Plasticity?
- 4 Future Directions
- Conflict of Interest
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 11: Bench to bedside: challenges of clinical translation
- Abstract
- 1 Translational Challenges at the Preclinical Development Phase
- 2 Translational Requirements During Clinical Trial Phases
- 3 Unique Challenges for SCI Clinical Studies
- 4 Summary
Chapter 12: Restoring motor function with bidirectional neural interfaces
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Bridging Lost Connections
- 3 Strengthening Weak Synaptic Connections
- 4 Activity-dependent Intracranial DBS
- 5 Concluding Comments
Chapter 13: Stroke rehabilitation: clinical picture, assessment, and therapeutic challenge
- Abstract
- 1 Statistics on Stroke and on Its Consequences
- 2 Reintegration into the Community Poststroke
- 3 Recovery After Stroke
- 4 Stroke Rehabilitation
- 5 Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 14: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for motor recovery of the upper limb after stroke
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Neural Correlates of Motor Recovery After Stroke
- 3 Modulation of Cortical Excitability by rTMS
- 4 rTMS for Motor Recovery After Stroke
- 5 Methods
- 6 Results
- 7 rTMS over the Contralesional Hemisphere in Promoting Motor Recovery of the Affected Hand After Stroke
- 8 rTMS over the Ipsilesional Hemisphere in Promoting Motor Recovery of the Affected Hand After Stroke
- 9 Bilateral Stimulation in Promoting Motor Recovery of the Affected Hand after Stroke
- 10 Comparing Different rTMS Protocols
- 11 Discussion
- 12 Stimulation Parameter-Dependent Efficiency
- 13 Conclusion
Chapter 15: Cortical mechanisms underlying sensorimotor enhancement promoted by walking with haptic inputs in a virtual environment
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Light Haptic Touch and Sensorimotor Enhancement of Locomotion
- 3 Advances in Virtual Reality Technology
- 4 Sensorimotor Enhancement Revealed by Cortical Mapping
- 5 Future Directions
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 16: Translating the science into practice: shaping rehabilitation practice to enhance recovery after brain damage
- Abstract
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Neuroplasticity Elevates the Importance of Motor Learning
- 3 From Neuroplasticity to an Integrated Framework for Translation: What Are the Active Ingredients?
- 4 Active Ingredient #1: Be Challenging
- 5 Active Ingredient #2: Be Progressive and Optimally Adapted
- 6 Active Ingredient # 3: solicit Motivation and Active Participation
- 7 Examples of Promising New Therapies
- 8 Opportunities and Challenges for Future Translational Research
Chapter 17: Inhibition of the contralesional hemisphere after stroke: reviewing a few of the building blocks with a focus on animal models
- Abstract
- 1 General Introduction
- 2 Popular Models of Stroke
- 3 Interhemispheric Connections
- 4 Ipsilateral Corticospinal Projections
- 5 Interhemispheric Interactions in Healthy Adults
- 6 Changes of Contralesional Hemisphere Excitability After Stroke
- 7 Contralesional Inhibition After Stroke
- 8 Can Onset Time and Duration Affect Contralesional Inhibition Efficacy?
- 9 Contralesional Inhibition Onset Time and Duration in a Rat Model of Cortical Stroke
- 10 Contralesional Inhibition May Not Always Be Advisable
- 11 General Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
Chapter 18: Pathways mediating functional recovery
- Abstract
- 1 Cortical Activation
- 2 The Corticospinal Tract: contralateral Effects
- 3 The Corticospinal Tract: Ipsilateral Effects
- 4 The Reticulospinal Tract
- 5 Spinal Systems for Control of the Hand
- 6 Different Types of Hand Function
- 7 Ipsilateral Motor Output
- 8 Differences Between Rodent and Primate Models
- 9 Conclusions
Chapter 19: Lost in translation: rethinking approaches to stroke recovery
- Abstract
- 1 The Problem of Stroke
- 2 Stroke Prevention and Acute Stroke Treatment
- 3 The Use of Animal Models to Assess Stroke Recovery
- 4 The Potential of Neuroplasticity to Enhance Stroke Recovery
- 5 Exogenous and Endogenous Stem Cell Approaches to Enhance Stroke Recovery
- 6 Stroke Recovery: what About Cognition?
- 7 Future Directions: A Holistic Approach to Stroke Recovery
- Acknowledgments
Index
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