Semiconductors Probed by Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy Pt II

List of Contributors

Preface

Contents of Volume I

V Picosecond Electronic Relaxation in Amorphous Semiconductors

14. Picosecond Optoelectronic Measurement of Carrier Transport in Amorphous Silicon

I. Introduction

II. Picosecond Photoconductivity in Amorphous Silicon

III. Discussion and Conclusion

References

15. Picosecond Electronic Relaxations in Amorphous Semiconductors

I. Introduction

II. Experimental Technique

III. Response Theory

IV. Transient Induced Absorption in Amorphous Semiconductors

V. Hot-Carrier Thermalization

VI. Carrier Trapping

VII. Geminate Recombination

References

VI Transient Phenomena in Laser Annealing Processes

16. Physics of Pulsed Laser Processing of Semiconductors

I. Introduction

II. Concepts of Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Deposited Laser Energy

III. Nanosecond-Pulse Laser Annealing

IV. Picosecond-Pulse Laser AnnealinZ

V. Aspects of Laser Coherence and Polarization

VI. Summary

References

17 Physics of Transient Phenomena during Pulsed Laser Annealing and Sputtering

I. Introduction

II. Transient Black-Body Thermal Radiation

III. Transient Luminescence and Raman Spectra

IV. Second-Harmonic Generation in Silicon

V. Emission of Electrons, Atoms, and Ions

VI. Reflectivity and Transmission

VII. Acoustic Shock Waves and Transient X-Ray Diffraction

VIII. Conclusion

References

18. Dynamic Behavior of Picosecond and Nanosecond Pulsed Laser Annealing in Ion-Implanted Semiconductors

I. Introduction

II. Physical Mechanism of Pulsed Laser Annealing

III. Dynamic Behavior

IV. Time-Resolved Lattice Temperature Measurements

V. Summary

References

VII Relaxation of Magnetoproperties of Carriers in Semiconductors

19. Photoluminescence of Spin-Polarized Electrons in Semiconductors

I. Introduction

II. Interactions of Vector Properties of Carriers with Light

III. Role of Selection Rules in Optical Orientation

IV. The Basis Functions for GaAs

V. Alignment of Momentum and Angular Moment Involving the k·p Term

VI. Alignments due to Spin-Orbit Interaction

VII. Alignments in the Kane Band Model

VIII. Dynamics of Electron Spin Polarization

IX. Spin Relaxation Processes

X. Elliot-Yafet (EY) Mechanism

XI. D'yakonov-Perel (OP) Mechanism

XII. Bir-Aronov-Pikus (BAP) Mechanism

XIII. Kleinman-Miller (KM) Mechanism

XIV. Spin Relaxation Rate Distribution

XV. Experimental Techniques

XVI. Experimental Results

References

20. Ultrafast Magnetophotoconductivity Measurement of Photocarrier Lifetime in High-Resistivity Semiconductors

I. Introduction

II. Ultrafast Photoconductivity in High-Resistivity Semiconductors

III. Photocarrier Lifetime

IV. Ultrafast Magnetophotoconductivity

V. Summary

References

21. Optical Investigations of Chromium Chalcogenide Spinel Magnetic Semiconductors

I. Introduction

II. Crystal Growth

III. Photoluminescence Investigations

IV. Photoemission Investigations

V. Discussion and Conclusion

References

VIII Theoretical Aspects of Transient Pulse Propagation

22. Transient Pulse Propagation in Linear Spatially Dispersive Media

I. Introduction

II. Electromagnetic Transients in Frequency-Dispersive Local Media and in Nonlocal Media: Step Excitation

III. Energy Transport

IV Propagation of Gaussian Pulses

V. Conclusion

References

23. Picosecond Relaxation in Solids and Nonlinear Spectroscopy

I. Introduction

II. Two-Photon Resonant Raman Scattering via Excitonic Molecules as the Intermediate State

III. Spatial Parametric Mixing as the Basis of Nonlinear Spectroscopy of Relaxation Processes

IV. Two-Photon Spatial Parametric Mixing and Transverse Relaxation Time of Excitonic Molecules

V Dephasing Relaxation of Excitonic Polaritons—Nondegenerate Four-Wave Mixing

VI. Dephasing Relaxation of Excitonic Molecules—Four-Wave Mixing and Nonlinear Ellipsometry

VII. Quantum Theory of the Relaxation of Excitons in Momentum Space

VIII. Summary and Perspectives

References

IX Ultrafast Laser Techniques

24. Techniques in Time-Resolved Luminescence Spectroscopy

I. Introduction

II. The Optical Kerr Gate

III. The Parametric Upconversion Gate

IV. The Streak Camera

V. Nonlinear Luminescence Techniques

VI. Conclusion

References

25. Picosecond Kerr Gate

I. Introduction

II. Historical Review and Theoretical Background

III. Experimental Arrangements of OKG

IV. Parameters Affecting Time Resolution of OKG

V. Conclusion

References

26. Picosecond Streak Camera Photonics

I. Introduction

II. Basic Setup and Operation of a Streak Camera

III. Calibration of Time and Intensity

IV. Dynamic Range

V. Types of Streak Cameras

VI. Setups and Applications

VII. Streak Camera and Spectrographs

VIII. Prospects for the Future

References

27. Applications of Streak Cameras

I. Introduction

II. Jitter-Free Streak Cameras and Applications in Fluorescence Kinetics Measurements

III. Applications Using Picosecond Electron Pulses

References

28. Picosecond Fluorescence Spectroscopy in Semiconductors Using a Time-Correlated Single-Photon Counting Method

I. Introduction

II. Time-Correlated Single-Photon Counting System

III. Experimental Results and Discussion

IV. Conclusion

References

29. Picosecond Modulated Reflectance in Semiconductors

I. Introduction

II. Optical Modulation Spectroscopy

III. Picosecond Reflectance Modulation—Experimental

IV. Summary

References

30. Subpicosecond Laser Design

I. Introduction

II. History of Picosecond Dye Lasers

III. Physics of Ultrashort-Pulse Generation

IV. Cavity Designs

V Conclusion

References

Index