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Salinity Gradient Heat Engines

1st Edition - November 3, 2021

Editors: Alessandro Tamburini, Andrea Cipollina, Giorgio Micale

Paperback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 1 0 2 8 4 7 - 6

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 1 0 2 8 6 4 - 3

Salinity Gradient Heat Engines classifies all the existing SGHEs and presents an in-depth analysis of their fundamentals, applications and perspectives. The main SGHEs analyzed in… Read more

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Salinity Gradient Heat Engines classifies all the existing SGHEs and presents an in-depth analysis of their fundamentals, applications and perspectives. The main SGHEs analyzed in this publication are Osmotic, the Reverse Electrodialysis, and the Accumulator Mixing Heat Engines. The production and regeneration unit of both cycles are described and analyzed alongside the related economic and environmental aspects. This approach provides the reader with very thorough knowledge on how these technologies can be developed and implemented as a low-impact power generation technique, wherever low-temperature waste-heat is available.

This book will also be a very beneficial resource for academic researchers and graduate students across various disciplines, including energy engineering, chemical engineering, chemistry, physics, electrical and mechanical engineering.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Contributors
Preface
Chapter 1: Salinity gradient heat engines: An innovative concept for waste heat valorization
Abstract
1.1: Background and motivation
1.2: What is salinity gradient energy?
1.3: Salinity gradient heat engines: Introduction, fundamentals, and classification
1.4: Chapters’ outline
References
Chapter 2: The state of art of conventional and nonconventional heat engines
Abstract
2.1: General information
2.2: Power plants
2.3: Conclusions
References
Chapter 3: Osmotic heat engine (OHE)
Abstract
3.1: Fundamentals of pressure-retarded osmosis and osmotic heat engine
3.2: Salt selection
3.3: Process couplings in OHE
3.4: Perspectives
References
Chapter 4: Reverse electrodialysis heat engine (REDHE)
Abstract
4.1: Fundamentals of reverse electrodialysis
4.2: Fundamentals of RED heat engines
4.3: Salt selection
4.4: RED heat engines
References
Chapter 5: Solvent extraction regeneration technologies
Abstract
Acknowledgments
5.1: Introduction
5.2: Multieffect distillation for regeneration in an SGP-HE
5.3: Membrane distillation for regeneration in an SGP-HE
5.4: Forward osmosis for regeneration in an SGP-HE
5.5: Conclusions
References
Chapter 6: Salt extraction regeneration technologies
Abstract
6.1: Introduction
6.2: Switchable solubility salts
6.3: Thermolytic salts
6.4: Final remarks
References
Chapter 7: Coupling salinity gradient heat engines with power generation systems and industrial processes
Abstract
7.1: Introduction
7.2: Identification of potential applications of salinity gradients power-heat engines in power plants and industries
7.3: Description and modeling of the case studies proposed
7.4: Notes on energy, economic, and environmental indicators used
7.5: Results
7.6: Perspective analysis with high-efficient reverse electrodialysis-heat engine
7.7: Conclusions
References
Chapter 8: Special engines
Abstract
Part 1: Accumulator mixing heat engine
Part 2: Thermally regenerative ammonia battery (TRAB): Fundamentals and perspectives
Part 3: Swelling/shrinking hydrogels engines: Fundamentals and perspectives
Chapter 9: Resource, environmental, and economic aspects of SGHE
Abstract
9.1: Resource assessment—Heat availability
9.2: Environmental impacts of SGHE
9.3: Economics of SGHE
9.4: Conclusions
References
Index

Alessandro Tamburini

Dr. Alessandro Tamburini is Assistant Professor in Conceptual Design of Chemical Processes at Università degli Studi di Palermo. He received his PhD in 2011 in Nuclear, Chemical and Safety Technologies at the same university. His research is focused on the experimental and numerical analysis of complex systems including multiphase stirred tanks and membrane-based units. He has published more than 70 works as journal papers or conference contributions in this area. He has been authors of some book chapters. His main expertise are in fields of fluid dynamics studies involving the adoption of innovative image analysis techniques and advanced computational fluid dynamics methodologies to predict mass and heat transfer in complex systems. He has participated in many EU-funded and national projects on water desalination and renewable energy technologies as well as Salinity Gradient Power processes. He was awarded with the Senior Moulton Medal 2013 by the Board of Institution of Chemical Engineering (UK).

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor in Conceptual Design of Chemical Processes, Universita degli Studi di Palermo, Italy

Andrea Cipollina

Dr. Andrea Cipollina is Senior Assistant Professor of Conceptual Design of Chemical Processes. He is heavily involved in research activities on water desalination and renewable energy technologies as well as Salinity Gradient Power processes, with a particular focus on Computer Aided Process modelling and optimisation, fluid flow characterization and prototype design, commissioning and operation applied to desalination and membranes-based SGP technologies. He has published more than 100 works as journal papers or conference contributions in the field of desalination, SGP technologies and membrane separation. He was awarded with the Senior Moulton Medal 2013 by the Institution of Chemical Engineers (UK). He is the editor of Sustainable Energy from Salinity Gradient, Woodhead Publishing, 2016.

Affiliations and expertise

Senior Assistant Professor, Universita degli Studi di Palermo, Italy

Giorgio Micale

Dr Giorgio Micale is a Professor of Conceptual Design of Chemical Processes. His core research topics are the study of Conventional and Renewable Energy Desalination processes, Salinity Gradient Power processes, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Mixing and Multiphase Flows, Computer Aided Process Engineering. He currently leads the University of Palermo team within the RED Heat-to-Power, REvivED, ReWaCEM, BAoBAB and ZERO BRINE H2020 projects building-up significant expertise in the area of electro-membrane processes, desalination and salinity gradient power technologies and brine valorisation processes. He has published more than 100 works as journal papers or conference contributions in the field of desalination, SGP technologies and membrane separation. He was awarded with the Senior Moulton Medal 2013 by the Institution of Chemical Engineers (UK). He was a member of the Board of Directors of the European Desalination Society during the years 2012-2017. He is the editor of Sustainable Energy from Salinity Gradient, Woodhead Publishing, 2016.

Affiliations and expertise

Professor, Universita degli Studi di Palermo Italy