Rutherford's Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, 2-Volume Set

10th Edition - June 4, 2022
Authors: Anton N Sidawy, Bruce A Perler
Language: English
Hardback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 7 5 5 7 - 1
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 7 5 6 0 - 1

Encyclopedic, definitive, and state-of-the-art in the field of vascular disease and its medical, surgical, and interventional management, Rutherford's Vascular Surgery and… Read more

Rutherford's Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, 2-Volume Set

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Encyclopedic, definitive, and state-of-the-art in the field of vascular disease and its medical, surgical, and interventional management, Rutherford's Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy offers authoritative guidance from the most respected and innovative global thought leaders and clinical and basic science experts of our time. The thoroughly revised 10th Edition, published in association with the Society for Vascular Surgery and authored by multidisciplinary and international contributors, is an outstanding reference for vascular surgeons, vascular medicine specialists, interventional radiologists and cardiologists, and their trainees who depend upon Rutherford’s in their practice. Under the expert editorial guidance of Drs. Anton N. Sidawy and Bruce A. Perler, it is quite simply the most complete and most reliable resource available on the art and science of circulatory diseases.

Instructions for online access
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Associate Editors
Dedication
Contributors
Preface
Common Abbreviations
Volume 1
Section 1. Basic Science
Chapter 1. Epidemiology and Research Methodology
Epidemiology
Clinical Research Methods
Outcomes Analysis
Evidence In Practice
What’s Next For Vascular Surgeons In Outcomes Research
Chapter 2. Embryology and Developmental Anatomy
Formation of Embryonic Blood Vessels
Development of The Descending (Thoracic And Abdominal) Aorta
Development of The Limbs
Development of The Venous System
Development of The Lymphatic System
Chapter 3. Vessel Wall Biology
Wall System Function
Structure of The Vessel Wall
Molecular Identity of Arteries, Veins, Lymphatics
Hemodynamics And Vascular Wall Biology
Chapter 4. Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerotic Lesions
Theories of Pathogenesis
Atherosclerosis As A Chronic Inflammatory Disease
Localization of Atherosclerosis
Progression/Regression of Plaques
Thrombotic Complications of Atherosclerosis
Identification of Vulnerable Lesions
Chapter 5. Intimal Hyperplasia
Biology of Intimal Hyperplasia
Clinical Factors In The Development of Intimal Hyperplasia
Clinical Scenarios of Intimal Hyperplasia
Conclusion
Chapter 6. Ischemia-Reperfusion
Historical Background
Impact of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury on The Vasculature
Vascular Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Scenarios And Clinical Trials
Pathophysiology of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Future Work
Chapter 7. Arteriogenesis and Angiogenesis
Neovascularization
Arteriogenesis
Angiogenesis
Role of Noncoding Rnas in Neovascularization
Clinical Trials
Chapter 8. Arterial Hemodynamics
Introduction: The Physics of Arterial Flow
Understanding Pulsatile Pressure And Flow Waves In The Arterial System
Short-Term Regulations of Hemodynamics
Long-Term Regulations of Hemodynamics
Image-Based Computational Analysis of Arterial Hemodynamics
Chapter 9. Venous Pathophysiology
Introduction
Basic Considerations
Deep Venous Thrombosis
Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Thrombophlebitis
Venous Aneurysms
Conclusion
Chapter 10. Lymphatic Pathophysiology
Anatomy
Physiology
Molecular Lymphology
Pathophysiology
Clinical Summary
Section 2. Atherosclerotic Risk Factors
Chapter 11. Smoking
Epidemiology
Biologic Effects of Smoking on the Vasculature
Nonvascular Clinical Effects
Vascular Clinical Effects
Smoking Cessation
Chapter 12. Diabetes
Epidemiology
Classification of Diabetes
Diabetes and Vascular Disease
Pathophysiology of Vascular Disease in Diabetes
Vascular Evaluation of Patients With Diabetes
Treatment of Patients With Diabetes and Peripheral Artery Disease
Summary and Future Directions
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 13. Hyperlipidemia
Historical Perspective
Physiology and Metabolism of Lipids
Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis
Diagnosis of Atherogenic Lipid Disorders
Evolution of the Guidelines for Management and Therapeutic Goals for Lipoprotein Disorders
Clinical Trials of the Management of Dyslipidemia in Peripheral Arterial Disease
Nonpharmacologic Therapy for Dyslipidemia
Pharmacologic Therapy for Dyslipidemia
Chapter Algorithms
Chapter 14. Hypertension
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Hypertension and Atherosclerosis
Management
Chapter Algorithms
Chapter 15. Familial Arteriosclerosis
Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Familial Hypertension
Familial Diabetes
Familial Obesity
Genetics of Peripheral Artery Disease
Influence of Nongenetic Factors
Risk Assessment and Diagnosis
Risk Management
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 16. Less Commonly Considered Causes of Atherosclerosis
The Atherosclerotic Lesion
Hyperlipidemia
Diet
Human Gut Microbiome
Infection
Environmental Toxins
Summary
Chapter 17. International and Ethnic Trends in Vascular Disease
International Trends
Ethnic Trends
Section 3. Clinical and Vascular Laboratory Evaluation
Chapter 18. Noninvasive Vascular Laboratory Quality Assurance and Accreditation
Introduction
Development of Quality Programs in Manufacturing
Components of Quality Programs
Fundamentals of Total Quality Management
Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers
Accreditation
Prospects for Improved Models of Accreditation
Conclusion
Chapter 19. Clinical Evaluation of the Arterial System
Overview of the Clinical Evaluation
History in Patients With Arterial Disease
Physical Examination in Patients With Arterial Disease
The Ulcerated Leg
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 20. Clinical Evaluation of the Venous and Lymphatic Systems
Anatomic Considerations
The Clinical Evaluation
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 21. Vascular Laboratory: Arterial Physiologic Assessment
Doppler Ultrasonography
Pressure Measurements
Plethysmography
Other Methods
Chapter 22. Vascular Laboratory: Arterial Duplex Scanning
Instrumentation and Basic Concepts
Patient Testing
Duplex Surveillance
Chapter 23. Techniques to Assess Tissue Perfusion in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease
Introduction
Invasive Techniques to Assess Tissue Perfusion
Noninvasive Techniques to Assess Tissue Perfusion
Clinical Implications
Future Directions
Conclusions
Chapter 24. Vascular Laboratory: Venous Physiologic Assessment
Ambulatory Venous Pressure
Plethysmography
Reliability of Venous Testing
Chapter 25. Vascular Laboratory: Venous Duplex Scanning
Introduction
Normal B-Mode Imaging Findings
Normal Flow Patterns in Veins
Diagnosis of Deep Venous Thrombosis
Calf Vein Thrombosis
Iliac Veins and Inferior Vena Cava
Diagnosis of Upper Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis
Limited or Point-of-Care Ultrasound Examinations
Determination of Thrombus Age
Novel Ultrasound Techniques: Elastography
Determining the Duration of Therapy for Acute DVT
Diagnosis of Recurrent Thrombosis
Superficial Veins
Vein Mapping
Evaluation for Chronic Venous Disease: Venous Insufficiency
Perforating Veins
Chapter Algorithm
Section 4. Vascular Imaging
Chapter 26. Radiation Safety
Types of Radiation
Measurement
Biologic Effects of Radiation
Exposure And Recommended Limits
Principles of Radiation Protection
Radiation Safety: Diagnostic Procedures
Radiation Safety: Endovascular Procedures
Radiation and the Endovascular Surgeon
Radiation and Pregnancy
Chapter 27. Arteriography
Equipment
Techniques
Clinical Applications
Limitations and Risks
Future Advances
Chapter 28. Venography
Basic Principles
Clinical Applications
Venography for Specific Regions And Conditions
General Limitations and Risks of Venography
Future Advances
Chapter 29. Computed Tomography
Basic Principles
Clinical Application
Limitations And Risks
Common Artifacts
Special Pediatric Considerations
Future Advances
Chapter 30. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Arteriography
Basic Principles
Clinical Applications of Mr Angiograpy
Limitations And Risks
Future Advances
Chapter 31. Vascular PET/CT and SPECT/CT
Basic Principles
Clinical Applications
Limitations And Risks
Future Advances
Chapter 32. Intravascular Ultrasound
Introduction
Basic Principles
Clinical Applications
Limitations And Risks
Future Advances
Chapter 33. The Future of Imaging for Endovascular and Open Surgery
Background
X-Ray Imaging and Hybrid Operating Rooms
Advanced 3D Imaging and Image Guidance Techniques
Endovascular Navigation and Catheter Robotics
The Future of Hybrid Operating Suites
Section 5. Perioperative Care
Chapter 34. Preoperative Evaluation and Management
General Preoperative Risk Assessment
Frailty Assessment
Summary
Chapter 35. Intraoperative Management
Anesthesia
Intraoperative Monitoring
Infection Control
Maintenance of Homeostasis
Anticoagulation And Antiplatelet Therapy
Control of Blood Loss and Transfusion
Venous Thromboembolic Prophylaxis
Special Intraoperative Techniques
Chapter 36. Postoperative Management
Introduction
Admission To The Intensive Care Unit And High-Dependency Step-Down Unit
Hemodynamic And Pressure Monitoring
Cardiovascular Management
Pulmonary Management
Postoperative Bleeding
Fluid And Electrolyte Management
Renal Failure
General Considerations
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 37. Hospital Readmissions in Vascular Surgery
Introduction
Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program
Readmissions In Vascular Patients
Interventions To Decrease Readmissions In Vascular Surgery
Limitations of 30-Day Readmissions
Existing Interventions To Reduce 30-Day Post-Procedure Readmissions And Alternative Metrics
Conclusion
Section 6. Bleeding and Clotting
Chapter 38. Normal Coagulation
Introduction
Procoagulant, Anticoagulant, Fibrinolytic Proteins, Inhibitors, And Receptors
Connectivity And Dynamics of Blood Coagulation
Blood Coagulation Monitoring
Future Coagulation Assays
Chapter 39. Disorders of Coagulation: Hemorrhage
Introduction
Diagnosis and Preoperative Screening for Bleeding Disorders
Coagulopathies
Hypothermia
Acidosis
Dilution
Treatment of Bleeding
Intraoperative Bleeding
Postoperative Bleeding
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 40. Disorders of Coagulation: Hypercoagulable States
Introduction
Pathophysiology
Congenital Hypercoagulability
Acquired Causes of Hypercoagulability
Evaluation And Workup of Hypercoagulable States
Choice And Duration Of Anticoagulation Therapy
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 41. Anticoagulant Therapy
Introduction
Parenteral Anticoagulants
Parenteral Direct Thrombin Inhibitors
Oral Anticoagulants
Perioperative Management of Anticoagulant Agents
Future Directions
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 42. Antiplatelet Agents
Introduction
Normal Platelet Function and Platelet Activation
Thromboxane Inhibitors
Thienopyridines (Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor Antagonists)
Glycoprotein IIB/IIIA (GPIIB/IIIA) Inhibitors
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
Protease-Activated Receptor-1 Inhibitors
Clinical Use of Antiplatelet Agents in Vascular Disease
Perioperative Management of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 43. Thrombolytic Agents
Introduction
History
Thrombolytic Drug AdministrAtion
Thrombolytic Agents
Clinical Applications
Chapter Algorithm
Section 7. Complications
Chapter 44. Systemic Complications: Cardiac
Introduction
Pathophysiology of Major Adverse Cardiac Events
Definition and Optimization of Cardiac Risk Prior to Surgery
Preoperative Evaluation for Coronary Artery Disease
Preoperative Coronary Angiography and Revascularization
Best Medical Therapy to Reduce Perioperative Cardiac Complications
Intraoperative Variables Impacting Mace
Postoperative Management of Cardiac Complications
Chapter Algorithms
Chapter 45. Systemic Complications: Respiratory
Introduction
Preoperative Risk Stratification
Perioperative Risk Reduction
Clinical Manifestations
Management Strategies
Chapter 46. Systemic Complications: Renal
Renal Anatomy
Renal Function
Renal Dysfunction After Vascular and Endovascular Procedures
Ischemic Injury to the Kidney
Altered Renal Function During Aortic Surgery
Medical Management of Acute Renal Failure
Dialysis
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 47. Systemic Complications: Neurologic
Introduction
Ischemic Neuropathy
Traumatic Nerve Injuries
Other Causes of Nerve Injury
Diagnosing Nerve Injury
General Principles of Treatment
Specific Nerve Injuries
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 48. Graft Thrombosis
Introduction
Intraoperative Graft Assessment
Graft Thrombosis: Pathogenesis
Graft Thrombosis: Therapeutic Approach
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 49. Graft Infection
Introduction
Incidence
Pathogenesis
Diagnosis
Surgical Treatment And Outcomes
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 50. Anastomotic Aneurysms
Introduction
Incidence and Anatomic Location
Pathogenesis
Clinical Diagnosis
History and Physical Examination
Surgical Treatment
Outcomes
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 51. Local Complications: Aortoenteric Fistula
Introduction
Primary Aortoenteric Fistula
Secondary Aortoenteric Fistula
Aortoenteric Fistula After Endovascular Repair
Clinical Presentation
Diagnosis
Treatment
Results And Conclusions
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 52. Local Endovascular Complications and their Management
Introduction
Access Site Complications
Upper Extremity Access Complications
Percutaneous Closure Device Complications
Bleeding Complications
Ischemic Complications
Procedure-Specific Complications
Other Endovascular Procedure Complications
Chapter 53. Venous Complications
Incidence of Venous Complications
Direct Venous Injury
Complications from Venous Endovascular Interventions
Inferior Vena Cava Filter Complications
Conclusions
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 54. Local Complications: Lymphatic
Introduction
Post-Bypass Edema
Lymphatic Fistula
Groin Lymphocele
Retroperitoneal Lymphocele
Chylous Ascites
Thoracic Duct Fistula
Chylothorax
Chapter Algorithm
Section 8. Technique
Chapter 55. Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Vascular Exposure
Introduction
Exposure Of The Ascending Aorta And Aortic Arch
Exposure Of The Distal Aortic Arch And Descending Thoracic Aorta
Exposure Of The Descending Thoracic Aorta And Paravisceral Aorta
Exposure Of The Abdominal Aorta
Chapter 56. Abdominal Vascular Exposures
Exposure of Major Abdominal Arteries
Exposure of the Abdominal Veins
Chapter 57. Cerebrovascular Exposure
Anatomic Considerations
Preoperative Preparation
Exposure of the Extracranial Carotid Artery for Carotid Endarterectomy
Reoperative Exposure for Carotid Stenosis
Exposure for Subclavian–Carotid Interventions
Vertebral Artery Exposure
Posterior Exposure of the Suboccipital Vertebral Artery (V4) Segment
Chapter 58. Lower Extremity Arterial Exposure
Introduction
Femoral Artery Exposure
Popliteal Artery Exposure
Exposure of the Tibial and Peroneal Arteries
Exposure of the Arteries of the Foot
Exposure for Obturator Bypass
Exposure of the Lower Extremity Veins
Chapter 59. Upper Extremity Vascular Exposure
Introduction
Exposure of Arteries Within the Thorax
Exposure of Veins Within The Thorax
Exposure of Vessels Within the Thoracic Outlet
Exposure of The Arm Vessels
Chapter 60. Spinal Operative Exposure
Clinical Presentation, Diagnostic Evaluation, and Risk Assessment
Surgical Treatment
Surgical Results and Complications
Postoperative Management and Follow-Up
Conclusion
Chapter 61. Open Surgical Technique
Introduction
Basic Prinicples
Basic Vascular Techniques
Thrombectomy and Thromboembolectomy
Endarterectomy
Arteriotomy Closure
Transected or End-to-End Vessel Reconstruction
Replacement and Bypass Procedures
Adjunctive Techniques for Infraingiunal Bypass Anastomosis
Chapter 62. Endovascular Diagnostic Technique
Introduction
Vascular Access
Technique for Catheterization
Applications
Complications
Conclusion
Chapter 63. Endovascular Therapeutic Technique
Introduction
Balloon Angioplasty
Stents
Atherectomy Devices
Thromboembolectomy
Devices for Crossing Chronic Total Occlusions
Vascular Closure Devices
Endovascular Therapeutic Techniques
Stenting
Chapter 64. Laparoscopic and Robotic Aortic Surgery
Introduction
Total Laparoscopic Aortic Surgery
Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Aortic Surgery
Totally Robotic Aortic And Robot-Assisted Procedures
Published STUDIES
Perioperative Outcomes
Summary
Conclusions
Section 9. Grafts and Devices
Chapter 65. Autogenous Grafts (Including Vein Harvest, Surgical and Endoscopic)
Background
Preoperative Vein Mapping
Vein Graft Preparation
Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Vein Harvest
Autogenous Graft Configurations
Other Autogenous Conduits
Autogenous Graft Failure
Graft Assessment
Chapter 66. Prosthetic Grafts
Introduction
Basic Principles
Clinical Applications
Limitations and Risks
Future Advances
Chapter 67. Biologic Grafts
Graft Properties
Clinical Use In Vascular Surgery
Clinical Outcomes
Future Directions
Chapter 68. Bioengineered Vascular Grafts
Basic Principles
Clinical Experience
Limitations And Risks
Future Advances
Conclusion
Disclosure
Chapter 69. Nonaortic Stents and Stent Grafts
Historical Background
Stent–Vessel Interaction
Stent Types and Characteristics
Selection of Stent
Failure Modes
New Developments
Future Developments
Chapter 70. Novel and Evolving Aortic Endovascular Devices
Introduction
Aortic Arch and Thoracic Aorta
Thoracoabdominal
Abdominal
Iliac
Nontraditional Devices
Summary And Conclusions
Section 10. Abdominal Aortic and Iliac Aneurysms
Chapter 71. Arterial Aneurysms: Etiology, Epidemiology, and Natural History
Introduction
Historical Perspective
Aneurysm Classification
Specific Arteries
Multiple Aneurysms
Current Aneurysm Management
Chapter 72. Aortoiliac Aneurysms: Evaluation, Decision Making, and Medical Management
Introduction
Definitions
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
Diagnosis
Screening and Surveillance Recommendations
Medical Therapy
Indications for Intervention
Future Directions
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 73. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Open Surgical Treatment
Introduction
Evolving Roles of Oar and Evar
Impact of Oar Volumes on Outcomes and Training
Current Indications for Open Aortic Repair
Preoperative Assessment and Planning
Operative Technique
Transperitoneal Exposure
Medial Visceral Rotation
Aortic Reconstruction
Retroperitoneal Exposure
Anatomic Considerations in Abdominal Aortic Surgery
Intraoperative Principles in Abdominal Aortic Surgery
Postoperative Complications
Special Surgical Considerations and Variations
Infected Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Inflammatory Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 74. Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Techniques
Introduction
Fixation
Sealing
Iliac Limbs
Sizing
Graft Material
Radiopacity
Deployment Precision and Ease of Use
Graft Slection and Primary Device Characteristics
Preoperative Imaging
Endograft Sizing
Patient Selection
Anesthesia, Access, and Imaging
Evar Deployment
Evar Troubleshooting
Chapter 75. Aortoiliac Aneurysms: Endovascular Treatment
Graft Types
Percutaneous Technique
Randomized Trials of Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Versus Open Repair
Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Compared with Medical Management
Endovascular Aneurysm Repair in Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Complications of Endovascular Aneurysms Repair
Follow-Up
Endovascular Repair of the Juxtarenal Aorta
Endovascular Repair of Common Iliac and Internal Iliac Artery Aneurysms
Cost of Endovascular Aneurysm Repair
Summary
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 76. Ruptured Aortoiliac Aneurysms and their Management
Introduction
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology of Aortic Rupture
Clinical Features
Initial Management Strategies
Operative Strategies: Endovascular Repair
Operative Strategies: Open Repair
Complications of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Outcomes of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Quality of Life
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 77. Isolated Iliac Artery Aneurysms and their Management
Introduction
Pathogenesis
Natural History
Presentation
Diagnosis
Management
Conclusions
Chapter Algorithm
Section 11. Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections
Chapter 78. Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Etiology, Epidemiology, Natural History, Medical Management, and Decision Making
Introduction
Thoracic Aorta: Anatomy And Epidemiology Of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms And Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Pathogenesis
Etiology
Anatomic Classification
Clinical Findings
Diagnostic Evaluation
Medical Therapy
Selection of Treatment
Preoperative Evaluation
Other Pathologic Diseases of the Thoracic Aorta
Chapter 79. Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms: Open Surgical Treatment
Introduction
Pathology
Anatomic Classification
Indications for Surgical Treatment
Patient Evaluation
Surgical RepaiR
Anesthesia
Patient Positioning
Surgical Exposure
Aneurysm Repair
Impact of Endovascular Treatment
Postoperative Care
Postoperative Outcomes
Spinal Cord Ischemia
Pulmonary Complications
Mortality
Renal Function
Effect of Surgical Technique On Morbidity
Long-Term Survival and Quality of Life
Chapter 80. Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms: Endovascular Treatment
Indications
Approved Devices For Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair
Tevar Planning
Operative Technique
Postoperative Management
Follow-Up
Results
Complications
Chapter 81. Aortic Stent Graft and Endovascular Treatment of Thoracoabdominal and Aortic Arch Aneurysms: Strategies for Operative Repair
Strategies for Endovascular Repair of Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Total Endovascular Repair
Hybrid Endovascular Repair
Comparative Outcomes of Endovascular Versus Hybrid Repair Versus Open Repair
Neuroprotective Strategies
Strategies for Repair of Aortic Arch Aneurysms
Operative Strategy, Stent–Graft Devices, and Outcomes
Chapter 82. Fenestrated and Branched Endograft Treatment of Juxtarenal, Paravisceral, Thoracoabdominal, and Aortic Arch Aneurysms: Device Selection and Technical Considerations
History of Fenestrated and Branched Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Definitions
Overview of Current Fbevar Devices
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Paravisceral and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Aortic Arch
Case Planning and Sizing
Patient Selection and Preoperative Evaluation
Operative Technique
Outcomes of Fenestrated and Branched Repair
Surveillance Recommendations After FBEVAR
Practice and Regulatory Issues
Chapter 83. Aortic Dissection: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, and Medical and Surgical Management
Introduction
Classification
Epidemiology
Pathologic Anatomy
Pathogenesis of Malperfusion Syndromes
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostic Evaluation
Treatment of Type B Dissection
Natural History And Follow-Up
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 84. Penetrating Aortic Ulcers
Introduction
Pathophysiology
Incidence
Clinical Presentation
Other Aortic Pathologies Associated With Penetrating Aortic Ulcer
Diagnostic Imaging
Treatment
Operative Repair
Endovascular Repair
Summary
Section 12. Peripheral and Splanchnic Aneurysms
Chapter 85. Lower Extremity Aneurysms
Femoral Artery Aneurysms
Persistent Sciatic Artery Aneurysm
Popliteal Artery Aneurysms
Tibial Artery And Pedal Artery Aneurysms
Chapter 86. Upper Extremity Aneurysms
Arch Vessel Aneurysms
Aneurysm Of Aberrant Subclavian Artery And Kommerell Diverticulum
Axillary Artery Aneurysms
Brachial Artery Aneurysms
Distal Upper Extremity Aneurysms
Chapter 87. Visceral Artery Aneurysms
Incidence and Etiology
General Treatment Principles
Surgical and Endovascular Techniques
Specific Visceral Aneurysms
Other Rare Visceral Aneurysms
Section 13. Cerebrovascular Diseases
Chapter 88. Cerebrovascular Disease: Epidemiology and Natural History
Background
Stroke
Ischemic Stroke
Transient Ischemic Attack
Extracranial Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis
Associated Conditions
Chapter 89. Cerebrovascular Disease: The Unstable Carotid Plaque
Introduction
Stable Versus Unstable Plaque
Histomorphology
Biomechanics
Imaging
Additonal Considerations
Conclusions
Chapter 90. Carotid Artery Disease and Cognitive Functional Decline
Introduction
Cognitive Versus Neurologic Function
Evaluation of Cognitive Function
Pathophysiology of Cognitive Dysfunction in Carotid Stenosis
Relationship Between Cerebral Hypoperfusion and Cognitive Dysfunction
Evidence for Cognitive Dysfunction in Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis
Cognitive Changes After Carotid Revascularization
EC–IC Bypass
Carotid Endarterectomy
Carotid Artery Stenting
Conclusion
Chapter 91. Cerebrovascular Disease: Diagnostic Evaluation
Diagnostic Tools
Clinical Recommendations
Future Directions
Summary
Chapter Algorithms
Chapter 92. Cerebrovascular Disease: Decision Making Including Optimal Medical Therapy
Carotid Disease And Stroke
Decision Making In Symptomatic Patients
Decision Making In Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis Patients
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 93. Carotid Endarterectomy
Epidemiology
Indications for Carotid Endarterectomy
Preoperative Imaging
Perioperative Medical Management
Operative Technique
Exposure for High Lesions
Cerebral Protection and Monitoring
Arteriotomy Closure
Completion Studies
Perioperative Stroke Management
Surgical Results
Complications
Special Considerations
Chapter 94. Carotid Artery Stenting
Introduction
Transfemoral Carotid Stent (TF-CAS) Trials
Transcarotid Artery Revascularization (TCAR) Trials
Current Carotid Stent Guidelines
Patient Selection
Anatomic Considerations
Preoperative Considerations
Technique
Perioiperative Medications
Complications
Postoperative Surveillance
Ongoing Trials
Conclusions
Chapter 95. Endovascular Management of Large Vessel Occlusion in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Introduction
Evaluation and Triage of Large Vessel Occlusion
Adjunctive Use of Intravenous Thrombolysis
Endovascular Therapy
Stroke Systems of Care and Structure of the Stroke Team
Mobile Stroke Units
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 96. Cerebrovascular Disease: Carotid Artery Dissection
Introduction
Spontaneous Carotid Artery Dissection
Traumatic Carotid Artery Dissection
The Diagnosis of CAD
Treatment
Prognosis and Future Directions
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 97. Carotid Artery Aneurysms
Introduction
Historical Review
Epidemiology
Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings
Diagnostic Evaluation
Natural History
Classification
Treatment
Treatment Outcome
Medical Management of Mycotic Aneurysms
Pediatric Patients
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 98. Carotid Body Tumors
Introduction
Epidemiology And Etiology
Anatomy And Physiology
Pathology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnosis
Treatment
Preoperative Preparation
Surgical Technique
Positioning And Exposure
Resection of Tumor
Postoperative Care
Results
Conclusions
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 99. Unusual Carotid Artery Conditions
Introduction
Carotid Body Tumors
Carotid Sinus Syndrome
Moyamoya Disease
Carotid Artery Kinks and Coils
Intracranial Vascular Lesions
Intracranial Aneurysm
Chapter 100. Vertebral Artery Dissection and Other Conditions
Pathogenesis And Anatomy
Disease Distribution
Patient Selection For Vertebral Artery Reconstruction
Vertebral Artery Reconstructive Procedures
Operative Results
Endovascular Therapy
Conclusion
Chapter 101. Brachiocephalic Artery Disease: Surgical Treatment
Introduction
Anatomic Variants
Diagnostic Evaluation
Indications for Revascularization
Other Indications
Revascularization
Chapter 102. Brachiocephalic Artery Disease: Endovascular Management
Introduction
Disease Prevalence
Procedure Planning
Disease Distribution
Endovascular Therapy
Perioperative Medical Management
Technical Details of Endovascular Management
Overall Results of Brachiocephalic Interventions
Results of endovascular vs. Open brachiocephalic interventions
Arch Intervention in Inflammatory Conditions
Long-Term Management and Surveillance
Volume 2
Section 14. Acute Limb Ischemia
Chapter 103. Acute Limb Ischemia: Evaluation, Decision Making, and Medical Treatment
Etiology and Pathology
Clinical Presentation
Clinical Assessment
Diagnosis
Classification of Acute Limb Ischemia
Pathway of Care
Investigation
Initial Management
Treatment
Upper Limb Ischemia
Effect Of The Covid-19 Pandemic
Chapter 104. Acute Limb Ischemia: Surgical and Endovascular Treatment
Initial Management
Treatment Selection
Surgical Revascularization
Endovascular Therapies
Outcomes
Post-Procedure Considerations
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 105. Compartment Syndrome and its Management
Introduction
Pathogenesis of Compartment Syndrome
Clinical Etiologies
Clinical Presentation
Adjunctive Measures
Fasciotomy
Technique of Fasciotomy
Fasciotomy Wound Management
Outcomes
Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 106. Atheromatous Embolization and its Management
Incidence
Pathogenesis
Risk Factors
Clinical Features
Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis
Treatment
Summary
Section 15. Lower Extremity Chronic Arterial Disease
Chapter 107. Lower Extremity Arterial Occlusive Disease: Epidemiology and Natural History
Epidemiology of Peripheral Arterial Disease
Anatomic Distribution of Disease and Clinical Correlations
Clinical Syndromes of Peripheral Arterial Disease, Staging and Natural History
Chapter 108. Lower Extremity Arterial Disease: Decision Making and Medical Treatment
Medical Management and Risk Factor Modification
Decision Making for Revascularization
Treatment Guidelines According to Presentation
Risk Prediction Models
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 109. Aortoiliac Disease: Direct Reconstruction
Pathology and Clinical Presentation
Diagnosis
Indications for Surgical Intervention
Surgical Treatment
Results
Isolated Profundaplasty
Chapter 110. Aortoiliac Disease: Open Extra-Anatomic Bypass
Femorofemoral Bypass
Axillofemoral Bypass
Obturator Bypass
Summary
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 111. Aortoiliac Disease: Endovascular Treatment
Background
Indications
Contraindications
Relevant Anatomy: Tasc Classification
Patient Evaluation and Operative Planning
Technique
Results
Complications
Postoperative Management
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 112. Infrainguinal Disease: Surgical Treatment
Indications
Preoperative Assessment
Preoperative Imaging
Operative Planning
Operative Exposures
Choice of Conduit
Bypass Technique
Intraoperative Completion Studies
Results
Postoperative Management
Complications
Graft Surveillance
Treatment of Graft and Anastomotic Stenoses
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 113. Infrainguinal Disease: Endovascular Therapy
Introduction
Indications
Intermittent Claudication
Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia
Medical Management Following Endovascular Intervention
Surveillance After Endovascular Intervention
Conclusions
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 114. Lower Extremity Amputations: Epidemiology, Procedure Selection, and Rehabilitation Outcomes
Introduction
Epidemiology
Indications For Amputation
Primary Amputation Versus Revascularization
Perioperative Evaluation
Selecting Amputation Level
Rehabilitation Considerations
Chapter 115. Lower Extremity Amputations: Operative Techniques and Results
General Principles
Toe And Ray Amputation
Transmetatarsal Amputation
Midfoot And Hindfoot Amputations
Transtibial (Below-Knee) Amputation
Through-Knee Amputation
Transfemoral (Above-Knee) Amputation
Hip Disarticulation
Principles of Postoperative Care
Long-Term Survival
Functional Outcome
Reamputation
Complications
Looking Ahead
Section 16. The Diabetic Foot and its Management
Chapter 116. General Considerations of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Introduction
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
Presentation and Diagnosis
Management
Soft Tissue Surgery for the Diabetic Foot
Amputation
Peripheral Arterial Disease and the Diabetic Foot
Multidisciplinary Limb Preservation Programs
Chapter 117. Diabetic Foot Abnormalities and their Management
Introduction
Peripheral Neuropathy
Peripheral Arterial Disease
Biomechanics
The Diabetic Foot Ulcer
Charcot Neuroarthropathy
The Impaired Host
Infection
Prevention
Conclusions
Chapter 118. Wound Care
Normal Wound Healing
Mechanisms of Abnormal Wound Healing in Chronic Wounds
Etiology of Ulceration
Clinical Presentation and Initial Evaluation
Properties and Categories of Wound Dressings
Venous Leg Ulcers
Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Ulcers Associated with Arterial Insufficiency
Biophysical Technologies
Additional Considerations: Topical Oxygen
Chapter 119. Podiatric and Vascular Teams
The Profession And Specialty of Podiatric Medicine
Team-Based Care for The Diabetic Foot
Preventative Care
Summary
Section 17. Upper Extremity Arterial Disease
Chapter 120. Upper Extremity Arterial Disease: Epidemiology, Etiology, and Diagnostic Evaluation
Epidemiology
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Small Vessel Arteriopathies
Large Vessel Arteriopathies
Clinical Findings
Diagnostic Evaluation
Treatment
Summary
Chapter 121. Upper Extremity Arterial Disease: Medical, Endovascular, and Open Surgical Management
Introduction
Treatment
Surgical Treatment
Interventions
Postoperative Management and Follow-Up
Alternative Therapy
Trauma
Complications
Compartment Syndrome
Conclusions
Chapter 122. Upper Extremity Arterial Disease: Amputation
Epidemiology
General Considerations
Specific Amputations
Postoperative Management and Complications
Long-Term Outcomes
Section 18. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Chapter 123. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Pathophysiology and Diagnostic Evaluation
Introduction
Relevant Anatomy
Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Arterial Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Coexisting Thoracic Outlet Syndromes
Chapter 124. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Neurogenic
Anatomy
Etiology
Clinical Findings
Conservative Management
Surgical Treatment
Surgical Complications
Results of Surgery
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 125. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Arterial
Pathophysiology
Epidemiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostic Evaluation
Differential Diagnosis
Treatment
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 126. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Venous
Introduction
Mccleery Syndrome
Secondary Subclavian–axillary Vein Thrombosis
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostic Evaluation
Treatment
Surgical Approach
Chapter Algorithm
Section 19. Renovascular Disease
Chapter 127. Renovascular Disease: Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, and Medical Management
Introduction
Pathogenesis of Renovascular Disease
Epidemiology
Clinical Presentation
Treatment of Renovascular Hypertension
Chapter 128. Renovascular Disease: Open Surgical Treatment
Introduction
Indications For Surgical Repair
Operative Exposure
Direct Surgical Techniques
Indirect Surgical Techniques
Intraoperative Assessment
Results of Open Operative Management
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 129. Renovascular Disease: Endovascular Treatment
Introduction
Indications and Contraindications
Results
Description of Technique
Complications
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 130. Renovascular Disease: Acute Occlusive and Ischemic Events
Introduction
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostic Evaluation
Renal Artery Embolism
Renal Artery Thrombosis
Renovascular Trauma
Renal Vein Thrombosis
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 131. Renovascular Disease: Aneurysms and Arteriovenous Fistulae
Renal Artery Aneurysms
Renal Arteriovenous Malformations and Fistulae
Chapter Algorithms
Chapter 132. Renovascular and Aortic Developmental Disorders
Introduction
Developmental Abdominal Aortic Coarctation
Developmental Renal And Splanchnic Arterial Stenoses
Clinical Manifestations
Diagnostic Evaluation
Medical Management
Surgical Treatment
Endovascular Treatment
Conclusion
Chapter Algorithm
Section 20. Mesenteric Vascular Disease
Chapter 133. Acute Mesenteric Ischemia: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Evaluation, and Management
Incidence and Risk Factors
Pathophysiologic Classification
Common Pathway of Bowel Ischemia
Evaluation of Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
Treatment
Other Considerations
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 134. Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Evaluation, and Management
Introduction
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Natural History
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostic Imaging
Treatment Strategies
Preoperative Evaluation
Endovascular Revascularization
Open Revascularization
Results
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 135. Mesenteric Arterial Dissection
Introduction
Incidence
Etiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnosis
Classification Systems
Treatment
Other Considerations
Surveillance
Remodeling
Summary
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 136. Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management
Introduction
Anatomy
Pathophysiology
Diagnosis
Management
Clinical Challenges: Case Studies
Conclusion
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 137. Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis
Epidemiology
Pathogenesis
Natural History
Pathology And Manifestations
Diagnosis
Treatment And Results
Chapter Algorithm
Section 21. Nonatherosclerotic Arterial Diseases
Chapter 138. Vasculitis and Other Uncommon Arteriopathies
Vasculitis Presentation
Large-Vessel Vasculitis
Medium-Sized Vessel Vasculitis
Small-Vessel Vasculitis
Vasculitis Secondary to Connective Tissue Diseases
Vasculitis Mimics
Chapter 139. Thromboangiitis Obliterans
Introduction
Epidemiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnosis
Treatment
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 140. Takayasu Arteritis
Introduction
Epidemiology
Pathogenesis
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostic Evaluation
Classification
Medical Treatment
Refractory Therapy
Indications for and Results of Revascularization Procedures
Special Considerations
Prognosis
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 141. Aneurysms Caused by Connective Tissue Abnormalities
Marfan Syndrome
Vascular-Type Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome
Loeys–Dietz Syndrome
Familial Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 142. Raynaud Phenomenon
Epidemiology and Natural History
Normal Arterial Flow to the Hand
Regulation of Blood Flow in the Digits
Pathogenesis
Clinical Findings
Diagnosis
Treatment
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 143. Fibromuscular Dysplasia
Introduction
Pathogenesis of Fibromuscular Dysplasia
Renal Artery Fibromuscular Dysplasia
Natural History
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostic Evaluation
Treatment Selection
Medical Treatment
Endovascular Treatment in Adults
Surgical Management
Fibromuscular Dysplasia and Aneurysm
Pediatric Renal Artery Stenosis and Arterial Dysplasia
Extracranial Cerebrovascular Fibromuscular Dysplasia
Fibromuscular Dysplasia in Other Arterial Beds
Chapter 144. Nonatheromatous Popliteal Artery Disease
Introduction
Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome
Adventitial Cystic Disease
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 145. Infected Arterial Aneurysms
History and Epidemiology
Pathogenesis and Etiology
Microorganisms
Diagnosis
Management
Aorta
Femoral Artery
Popliteal Artery
Carotid Artery
Upper Extremity Arteries
Visceral Arteries
Section 22. Acute Venous Thromboembolic Disease
Chapter 146. Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis: Epidemiology and Natural History
Epidemiology
Natural History
Chapter 147. Venous Thromboembolic Disease: Mechanical and Pharmacologic Prophylaxis
Rationale For Risk Stratification And Prophylaxis
Methods Of Prophylaxis
Specific Surgical Populations
Challenges In Clinical Practice
Chapter 148. Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis: Presentation, Diagnosis, and Medical Treatment
Introduction
Clinical Assessment
Diagnostic Tests
Diagnostic Strategies
Medical Treatment of Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 149. Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis: Surgical and Interventional Treatment
Post-Thrombotic Syndrome
Rationale for Thrombus Removal
Strategies for Thrombus Removal: Endovascular
Randomized Trials of Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis
Operative Venous Thrombectomy
Choosing the Appropriate Treatment Option
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 150. Acute Upper Extremity and Catheter-Related Venous Thrombosis
Introduction
Clinical Findings
Diagnostic Strategies
Risk Factors And Prevention
Treatment
Conclusion
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 151. Superficial Thrombophlebitis and its Management
Epidemiology And Pathogenesis
Clinical Presentation
Diagnosis
Treatment
Chapter 152. Pulmonary Embolism: Presentation, Natural History, and Treatment
Introduction
Clinical Presentation
Diagnosis
Risk Stratification
Treatment
Prognosis
Chapter Algorithms
Chapter 153. Vena Cava Interruption
Filter Design
Clinical Decision Making
Inferior Vena Cava Placement and Retrieval
Superior Vena Cava Filters
Section 23. Chronic Venous Disorders
Chapter 154. Varicose Veins: Surgical Treatment
Decision Making
Surgical Techniques
Results
Multimodality And Individualized Care
Patient Management And Reimbursement Considerations
Chapter AlgorithmS
Chapter 155. Varicose Veins: Endovenous Ablation and Sclerotherapy
Background
Relevant Anatomy
Diagnostic Evaluation
Treatment Selection
Thermal Ablation Techniques
Non-Thermal Non-Tumescent Ablation Techniques
Chapter 156. Postthrombotic Syndrome: Natural History, Pathophysiology, and Etiology
Introduction
Etiology And Epidemiology
Cellular And Molecular Mechanisms
Natural History, Pathophysiology, And Clinical Implications
Clinical Summary Points of Natural History, Epidemiology, and Pathophysiology
Chapter 157. Treatment of Chronic Venous Disorders
Nonoperative Treatment of CVD
Conclusion
Chapter 158. Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Treatment of Perforator Vein Incompetence
Pathophysiology
Anatomy
Diagnostic Evaluation
Indications for Interruption
Operative Planning Options
Open Surgery
Percutaneous Ablation of Perforating Veins
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 159. Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Deep Vein Valve Reconstruction
Introduction
Pathogenesis
Diagnostic Evaluation
Treatment Selection
Surgical Treatment
Summary
Chapter 160. Iliocaval Venous Obstruction: Surgical Treatment
Surgical Treatment Of Iliocaval Venous Obstruction
Etiology
Preoperative Evaluation
Indications For Surgical Treatment
Grafts In The Venous System
Surgical Procedures
Pelvic Congestion Syndrome
Chapter Algorithms
Chapter 161. Iliocaval Venous Obstruction: Endovascular Treatment
Introduction
Pathology
Indications and Patient Selection for Iliocaval Venous Stenting
Diagnosis
Treatment
Stent Occlusion
Outcomes
Section 24. Miscellaneous Venous Conditions
Chapter 162. Superior Vena Cava Occlusion and Management
Etiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostic Evaluation
Initial Treatments
Indications for Interventional Treatment
Endovenous Treatment
Surgical Treatment
Results
Conclusions
Chapter 163. Congenital Occlusion/Absence of Inferior Vena Cava
Association with Deep Venous Thrombosis
Embryogenesis
Presentation
Management
Summary
Chapter 164. Portal Hypertension
Introduction
Pathophysiology
Classification
Clinical Presentation
Complications of Portal Hypertension
Diagnosis
Nonsurgical Treatment of Portal Hypertension and its Complications
Surgical Treatment Of Portal Hypertension
Chapter Algorithm
CHAPTER 165. Nutcracker Syndrome
Introduction
Background
Diagnosis
Management
Summary
Chapter Algorithm
CHAPTER 166. Venous Aneurysms and their Management
Introduction
Lower Extremity Venous Aneurysms
Abdominal Venous Aneurysms
Upper Extremity and Internal Jugular Venous Aneurysms
Conclusion
Section 25. Lymphedema
Chapter 167. Lymphedema: Evaluation and Decision Making
Pathophysiology
Classification and Staging
Clinical Presentation
Diagnosis
Decision Making
Prospects for Molecular Therapy
Chapter 168. Lymphedema: Nonoperative Treatment
Introduction
Background
Preventive Medicine
Mechanical Reduction Of Limb Swelling
Surgical Treatment
Other Treatment
Supporting Evidence
Complications
Insurance Role
Ideal Outpatient Lymphedema Clinic
Helpful Resources
Chapter 169. Lymphedema: Surgical Treatment
Introduction
Historical Perspective
Preoperative Planning
Surgery
Primary Chylous Disorders
Section 26. Vascular Malformations
Chapter 170. Congenital Vascular Malformations: General Considerations
Definitions
Nomenclature And Classification
Incidence
Etiology
Embryology
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnosis
Treatment
Special Treatment Issues
Syndromic Vascular Malformations
Long-Term Follow-Up Assessment
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 171. Congenital Vascular Malformations: Surgical Management
Introduction
Surgical Treatment of Low-Flow Malformations
Surgical Treatment of High-Flow Malformations
Surgical Treatment of Combined Vascular Malformations
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 172. Congenital Vascular Malformations: Endovascular Management
Introduction
Diagnosis of Vascular Malformations
Treatment of low-Flow Vascular Malformations
Treatment of High-Flow Vascular Malformations
Syndromes Associated With Vascular Malformations
Future Directions: Molecular and Genetic Therapeutic Targets
Conclusion
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 173. Acquired Arteriovenous Fistulas
Etiology And Incidence
Pathophysiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostic Evaluation
Principles of Management
Treatment Outcomes
Chapter Algorithm
Section 27. Hemodialysis Access
Chapter 174. Hemodialysis Access: General Considerations and Strategies to Optimize Access Placement
Initiatives and Guidelines
Timing of Referral
Preoperative Evaluation
Selection of Access Type and Location
Technique for Permanent Access
Postoperative Follow-Up
Long-Term Follow-Up
Results
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 175. Hemodialysis Access: Complex
General Principles
Autogenous Arteriovenous Access
Prosthetic Arteriovenous Access
Cryopreserved Vein Allografts
Unconventional Vascular Access Procedures
Pediatric Vascular Access
CHAPTER 176. Hemodialysis Access: Dialysis Catheters
Indications
Types Of Catheters
Preoperative Evaluation
Catheter Insertion
Perioperative Care And Complications
Long-Term Care And Complications
Chapter 177. Hemodialysis Access: Failing and Thrombosed
Measuring Access Function
Causes Of Access Failure
Interventions For Failing Access
Interventions For Thrombosed Access
Treatment Outcome
Chapter 178. Hemodialysis Access: Nonthrombotic Complications
Bleeding
Infection
Pseudoaneurysm and Aneurysm
Seroma
Access-Related Hand Ischemia
Venous Hypertension
Neuropathy
Cardiopulmonary Complications
Section 28. Vascular Trauma
Chapter 179. Vascular Trauma: Epidemiology and Natural History
Introduction
Epidemiology and Natural History of Specific Vascular Injuries
Summary
Chapter 180. Vascular Trauma: Head and Neck
Carotid Arteries
Vertebral Arteries
Subclavian Artery
Cervical Venous Injuries
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 181. Thoracic Vascular Trauma
Introduction
Imaging
Management of Specific Thoracic Vascular Injuries
Vascular Injuries To The Aortic Arch Vessels And Thoracic Outlet Vasculature
Conclusion
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 182. Vascular Trauma: Abdominal
Surgical Anatomy
Epidemiology
Clinical Presentation
Diagnostic Evaluation
Treatment
Specific Vascular Injuries
Advances in the Management of Abdominal Vascular Injuries
Chapter 183. Vascular Trauma: Extremity
General Considerations
Presentation, Diagnosis, And Workup
Management Principles
Specific Arterial Injuries
Other Considerations
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 184. Conditions Arising from Repetitive Trauma and Occupational Vascular Problems
Manual Labor Injuries
Exposure Injuries
Athletic Injuries
Section 29. Special Issues in Pediatric Vascular Surgery
Chapter 185. Special Techniques in Pediatric Vascular Surgery
Introduction
Historical Background
Basic Principles
Basic Vascular Techniques
Chapter 186. Aortic and Arterial Aneurysms in the Pediatric Population
Aortic Aneurysms
Nonaortic Arterial Aneurysms
Summary
Chapter 187. Pediatric Vascular Tumors
Introduction
Benign Tumors
Intermediate Tumors (Locally Aggressive)
Secondary Tumors
Chapter 188. Vascular Trauma in the Pediatric Population
Introduction
Epidemiology
Anatomic and Physiologic Considerations
Diagnostic Evaluation
Management of Pediatric Vascular Injuries
Role of Endovascular Techniques in Pediatric Patients
Postoperative Management and Outcomes
Conclusions and Future Directions
Chapter 189. Placement of Arteriovenous Dialysis Access and Central Catheters in the Pediatric Patient
Background
Incidence
Etiology
Morbidity And Mortality
Patient Selection
Treatment With Hemodialysis
Central Venous Catheters
ARTERIOVENOUS Access
Conclusion
Chapter 190. Acute Pediatric Arterial Occlusion
Introduction
Epidemiology of Acute Arterial Occlusion in Children
Clinical Presentation
Treatment
Late Sequela
Section 30. Miscellaneous Conditions
Chapter 191. Erectile Dysfunction
Epidemiology
Physiology of Penile Erection
Pathophysiology of Erectile Dysfunction
Assessment of Erectile Dysfunction
Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction
Future Therapeutic Strategies
Erectile Dysfunction in Men Undergoing Vascular Surgery
Conclusions
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 192. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
Introduction
Diagnostic Criteria
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
Psychological Factors
Genetic Factors
Clinical Presentation And Evaluation
Natural History
Management
Sympathetic Blockade – Central/Peripheral/Regional
Neuroaxial Therapy
Sympathectomy
Spinal Cord Stimulation
Amputation
Prevention
Limitation Of Data/Future Directions
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 193. Current Role of Sympathectomy (Upper and Lower)
Introduction
Anatomy
Physiology
Indications For Cervicothoracic And Lumbar Sympathectomy
Surgical Techniques
Target Ganglia
Results
Complications Of Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Sympathectomy
Causes Of Failure
Reversal Of Sympathectomy
Chapter 194. Abdominal Vascular Tumors and their Management
Introduction
Tumor Types
Clinical Presentation And Evaluation
Treatment
Inferior Vena Cava Replacement
Outcomes
Chapter Algorithm
Chapter 195. Vascular Reconstruction in Oncologic Surgery
Pancreatic Malignancies
Hepatic And Biliary Malignancies
Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Summary
Chapter 196. Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome
History
Etiology
Epidemiology
Differential Diagnosis
Anatomy
Clinical Presentation And Diagnosis
Management
Postoperative Management And Complications
Outcomes
Conclusion
Chapter Algorithm
Section 31. Business of Vascular Surgery
CHAPTER 197. Development of a Multispecialty Practice and Operation of Multispecialty Cardiovascular Centers
Introduction
Early Examples Of Multispecialty Cardiovascular Centers
Forces Shaping The Evolution Of Contemporary Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Centers
Development Of A Multispecialty Cardiovascular Center
The Current State Of Multispecialty Cardiovascular Centers
Future Directions
Conclusion
CHAPTER 198. Development and Successful Operation of an Outpatient Vascular Center
Introduction
Regulations
Components For Success
Building A Center
Managing A Center
Future
Acknowledgment
Chapter 199. Development and Operation of Outpatient Dialysis Access Centers
Introduction
The Complete Integrated Access Concept
The Dialysis Access Center
Size
Computerized Data System
Procedure Room
Staff Of The Dac
Procedure Success And Safety Of The Dac
Patient Satisfaction
Economics
Regulatory And Advocacy
Conclusion
Chapter 200. Alternative Payment Models in Vascular Surgery
Introduction
Merit-Based Incentive Payment System
Accountable Care Organization
Role of Societies/Advocacy in the Development of Alternate Payment Models
Creation of a Vascular Surgery Advanced Alternate Payment Model
Conclusion
Chapter 201. Improving Quality and the Value of a Vascular Registry to the Practice
Introduction
The Definition of a Medical Registry
Why Registries Exist
Determinants of the Value of a Registry
Where Registries Fit as Medical Evidence
Existing Vascular Surgery Registries
Role of Medical Registries in Quality Improvement
Compliance with Clinical Practice Guidelines
Linkage with Administrative Datasets to Monitor Device-Related Outcomes
Public Reporting of Registry Data
The Future of Medical Registries
Chapter 202. Health and Wellness for the Vascular Surgeon
Introduction
Burnout in Vascular Surgery
Optimizing Health and Wellness
Ergonomic Challenges in Vascular Surgery
Surgical Training
Conclusion
Section 32. The Use of Technology Platforms and Social Media in Vascular Surgery
Chapter 203. Online Branding and Marketing a Vascular Surgery Practice
Introduction
Marketing A Vascular Practice
Branding A Vascular Practice
What Is Social Media?
Guidelines For Social Media Marketing
How To Deal With Negative Feedback And Pitfalls Of Social Media
Adhering To THE American Medical Association Code Of Ethics
Budgeting For Marketing
Implementation
Conclusion
Chapter 204. Telemedicine in Vascular Surgery Practice
Introduction
History Of Vascular Telehealth
The Strategic Urgency
Developing The Optimal Telehealth Practice
Organizational Steps And Required Resources
Patient Satisfaction With Telemedicine
Barriers And Challenges To Establishing Telehealth Programs
Conclusions
Chapter 205. Internet-Based Surveillance of Vascular Disease and Reconstructions
Introduction
History of Virtual Medicine
Telehealth Prior to Covid-19
Covid-19 Pandemic and Telehealth Evolution
Features Specific to Postoperative Care in Vascular Surgery
Barriers and Limitations
Conclusion and Future Directions
Chapter 206. Social Media in Vascular Surgery
Background
Select Available Social Media Platforms And Differences In Their Usage
Uses Of Social Media For The Vascular Surgeon
Risks, Pitfalls, And Concerns With Social Media Use
Do’s And Don’ts Of Social Media – Tips For Vascular Surgeons
Chapter 207. The Quality and Fidelity of Vascular Information on the Internet
Role of the Internet in Medicine
Internet for Patient Education
Internet for Physician Education
Internet for Physician Rating and Specialty Rating
Internet and Brand
Conclusion
Index

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Anton N Sidawy

Bruce A Perler