Role of Medicinal Plants in Autoimmune Diseases
Concepts, Perspectives, and Utilization
- 1st Edition - October 25, 2024
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Editors: Reetika Mahajan, Faheem Shehjar, Sajad Majeed Zargar, Khalid Z. Masoodi, Zahoor A Shah
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 8 7 7 6 - 6
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 8 7 7 7 - 3
Role of Medicinal Plants in Autoimmune Diseases: Concepts, Perspectives, and Utilization provides comprehensive knowledge of autoimmune diseases and the role of various medicinal… Read more
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Request a sales quoteRole of Medicinal Plants in Autoimmune Diseases: Concepts, Perspectives, and Utilization provides comprehensive knowledge of autoimmune diseases and the role of various medicinal plant products in their treatment. The book discusses the immune system as a group of complex biological structures and processes in an organism which gives protection against a wide range of pathogenic organisms while simultaneously distinguishing these pathogens from the organism’s own healthy cells and tissues, thus maintaining homeostasis in the body.
It has been an age-old practice to use extracts and other parts of various plants in treating many diseases. Several plants contain various pharmacologically active substances which can be used to treat different diseases. Among these medicinal plants, many have shown good immunomodulatory properties and could act as natural immunosuppressant agents in treating autoimmune disorders.
- Elucidates in-depth knowledge on the basics of Immunology, as well as the various autoimmune disorders and the medicinal plant extracts which could be an alternative and safe approach for their treatment and management
- Provides updated content on the role of different medicinal plants in curing autoimmune diseases
- Includes a section at the end of each autoimmune disease, giving a comparison between the treatment with conventional drugs and the medicinal plant products
- Explains the benefits and risks of both treatment regimens in comprehensive, yet easily understandable way
Academicians, Researchers, Post graduate students in immunology, medicine, pharmacology
- Title of Book
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Contributors
- Chapter 1. Introducing immunology: Types of immunity, immune responses, deficiencies, and disorders
- 1 Immunology: Coming of age
- 2 Innate versus adaptive immunity
- 2.1 Innate immune response: PRRs, PAMPs, and cellular components
- 2.2 Adaptive immune response
- 3 Antigen processing and presentation
- 4 Immunodeficiency
- 5 Autoimmune disorders
- 6 Hypersensitive reactions
- 7 Vaccines and immunotherapy: Principles and applications
- Chapter 2. Cells of the immune system and their multifunctional roles
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Innate immunity
- 2.1 Cells involved in innate immunity and their role
- 2.1.1 Neutrophils
- 2.1.2 Macrophages
- 2.1.3 Mast cells
- 2.1.4 Eosinophils
- 2.1.5 Basophils
- 3 Adaptive immunity
- 3.1 Cells involved in adaptive immunity
- 3.1.1 B lymphocytes
- 3.1.2 T lymphocytes
- 4 Antigens
- 4.1 Antigen processing and presentation
- 4.2 Professional antigen-presenting cells
- 5 Humoral immune response
- 5.1 Complement system
- 6 Antibodies
- 7 Cell-mediated immune response
- 7.1 MHC (major histocompatibility complex)
- 8 Conclusion
- Chapter 3. Organ-specific autoimmune disorders
- 1 Introduction to autoimmune disorders
- 1.1 What are autoimmune disorders?
- 1.2 Immune system malfunction-leading to self-attack
- 1.3 Organ-specific and systemic autoimmune disorders
- 1.3.1 Organ-specific autoimmune disorders
- 1.4 Systemic autoimmune disorders
- 2 Immunological basis of organ-specific autoimmune disorders
- 2.1 Role of autoantibodies and autoreactive T cells
- 2.2 Mechanism triggering loss of self-tolerance
- 2.3 Genetic and environmental factors contributing to susceptibility
- 3 Endocrine organ-specific autoimmune disorders
- 3.1 Type 1 diabetes: Autoimmunity against pancreatic β-cells
- 3.2 Hashimoto's thyroiditis: Autoimmunity against thyroid gland
- 3.3 Addison's disease: Autoimmunity against adrenal cortex
- 4 Neurological organ-specific autoimmune disorders
- 4.1 Multiple sclerosis: Autoimmunity targeting myelin sheath
- 4.2 Myasthenia gravis: Autoimmunity against the neuromuscular junction
- 4.3 Autoimmune encephalitis: Inflammation of brain tissue due to autoimmune response
- 5 Gastrointestinal organ-specific autoimmune disorders
- 5.1 Celiac disease: Autoimmunity affecting small intestine due to gluten
- 5.2 Autoimmune hepatitis: Inflammation of liver tissue due to autoimmune attack
- 5.3 Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) subtypes: Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis
- 6 Skin and connective tissue organ-specific autoimmune disorders
- 6.1 Psoriasis: Chronic skin disorder with autoimmune components
- 6.2 Vitiligo: Autoimmune destruction of melanocytes
- 6.3 Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma): Involvement of skin and connective tissues
- 7 Respiratory and ocular organ-specific autoimmune disorders
- 7.1 Respiratory organ-specific autoimmune disorders
- 7.2 Ocular organ-specific autoimmune disorders
- 7.2.1 Autoimmune uveitis
- 7.2.2 Graves' disease: Autoimmunity targeting thyroid and eye tissues
- 7.3 Allergic rhinitis and asthma: Autoimmune aspects of respiratory disorders
- 7.3.1 Allergic rhinitis
- 7.3.2 Asthma
- 8 Diagnostic approaches and biomarkers
- 8.1 Immunological and serological laboratory tests for diagnosis
- 8.2 Autoantibodies as diagnostic tools
- 8.3 Autoantibody as biomarkers
- 8.4 Imaging techniques for identifying affected organs
- 9 Current treatment strategies
- 9.1 Immunosuppressive drugs and their mechanisms
- 9.2 Targeted biologics and monoclonal antibodies
- 9.3 Emerging therapies and personalized medicines
- 10 Challenges and future directions
- 10.1 Unraveling complex genetic and environmental interactions
- 10.2 Developing more specific and safer therapies
- 10.3 Role of microbiota in autoimmune disorders
- 11 Patient management and quality of life
- 11.1 Psychological impact of chronic autoimmune disorders
- 11.2 Multidisciplinary approach to patient care
- 11.3 Fundamentals that make multidisciplinary care an effective approach in healthcare sector
- 11.4 Lifestyle modifications and support systems
- 12 Prevention and public health implications
- 12.1 Early intervention strategies
- 12.2 Public Awareness Campaigns
- 12.3 Potential for vaccines against specific autoimmune triggers
- Chapter 4. Systemic autoimmune disorders
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Types of autoimmune diseases
- 2.1 Systemic lupus erythematosus
- 2.2 Sjogren's syndrome
- 2.3 Systemic sclerosis
- 2.4 Spondyloarthritis
- 2.5 Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2.6 Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
- 2.7 Antiphospholipid syndrome
- 2.8 Autoimmune myopathies
- 2.9 Immunoglobulin G4-related disease
- 3 Conclusion
- Chapter 5. Exploring medicinal plants as promising approaches for myasthenia Gravis and Multiple Sclerosis treatment: An emerging approach to new medicines
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Myasthenia gravis
- 2.1 Epidemiology
- 2.2 Classification of myasthenia gravis
- 2.2.1 Clinical classification
- 2.3 Pathophysiological mechanism
- 2.4 Histopathology
- 2.5 Symptoms of MG
- 2.6 Complications
- 2.7 Diagnosis of MG
- 2.8 Treatment/management
- 2.8.1 Symptomatic treatment with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
- 2.8.2 Rapid short-term immunomodulating treatment with plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulins
- 2.8.3 Chronic long-term immunomodulating treatment with corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive drugs
- 2.8.4 Surgical treatment
- 2.9 Rehabilitation
- 3 Role of medicinal plants in treating MG
- 4 Multiple sclerosis
- 4.1 Epidemiology
- 4.2 Classifications and diagnostic criteria
- 4.3 Pathogenesis
- 4.4 Symptoms/clinical features
- 4.4.1 Spinal cord syndrome
- 4.4.2 Optic neuritis
- 4.4.3 Brainstem or cerebellar syndrome
- 4.4.4 Cognitive impairment
- 4.4.5 Cerebral hemisphere lesions
- 4.4.6 Muscle spasity
- 4.4.7 Fatigue
- 4.4.8 Other clinical presentations
- 4.5 Diagnosis
- 4.6 Investigations
- 4.6.1 Serological investigation
- 4.7 MRI
- 4.7.1 Imaging features
- 4.8 Treatment
- 4.8.1 Disease modifying therapies
- 4.8.2 Symptomatic treatments
- 4.9 Management of comorbidities that contribute to long-term impairment
- 5 Role of medicinal plants in treating multiple sclerosis
- 5.1 Andrographis paniculata
- 5.2 Boswellia papyrifera
- 5.3 Ruta graveolens
- 5.4 Ginkgo biloba
- 5.5 Aloysiacitrodora
- 5.6 Panax ginseng
- 5.7 Green tea
- 5.8 Cannabis sativa
- 5.9 Evening primrose
- 5.10 Oleanolic acid
- 5.11 Hypericum perforatum (HP)
- 5.12 Pterodonemarginatus
- 5.13 Curcuma longa
- 5.14 Radix Sophorae flave
- 5.15 Bu Shen Yi Sui Capsule (BSYSC)
- 5.16 Hyungbangpaedok-san (HBPDS)
- 5.17 Blueberry
- 5.18 Flavonoids
- 6 Conclusion
- Chapter 6. Plant-based approaches for treating celiac and Crohn's diseases: Current insights
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Crohn's disease (CRD)
- 2.1 Types of CRD
- 2.1.1 Ileitis
- 2.1.2 Ileocolitis
- 2.1.3 Gastroduodenal Crohn's disease
- 2.1.4 Jejunoileitis
- 2.2 Symptoms of CRD
- 2.3 Causes responsible for CRD
- 2.3.1 Immune system
- 2.3.2 Genetics
- 2.3.3 Environmental factors
- 2.4 Management/treatment for CRD
- 2.4.1 Lifestyle changes
- 2.4.2 Medication
- 3 Role of medicinal plants for the treatment of Crohn's disease (CRD)
- 3.1 Chios mustic gum (pistacia lentiscus-anacardiaceae)
- 3.2 Cannabis sativa
- 3.3 Tripterygium wilfordii
- 3.4 Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium)
- 3.5 Ananas comosus (pineapple)
- 3.6 Plantago ovata (Ispaghul)
- 3.7 Boswellia serrata
- 3.8 Hericium erinaceus (lion's mane mushroom)
- 3.9 Curcuma longa
- 4 Celiac disease (CD)
- 4.1 Adult clinical manifestations of CD
- 4.2 Causes responsible for celiac disease
- 4.2.1 Genes
- 4.2.2 Gluten
- 4.2.3 Other factors
- 4.3 Diseases associated with CD
- 4.4 Treatment for celiac disease
- 4.5 Gluten-free diet
- 5 Role of medicinal plants in the treatment of celiac disease
- 5.1 Althea officinalis (marshmallow)
- 5.2 Glycyrrhyza glabra (liquorice)
- 5.3 Matricalia chamomilla (chamomile)
- 5.4 Allium cepa (onion)
- 5.5 Valerian officinalis (valerian)
- 5.6 Plantago psyllium (pysyllium)
- 5.7 Boswellia serrata (salai)
- 5.8 Nigella sativa L. (black seeds)
- 5.9 Echinacea
- 5.10 Camellia sinensis L. (green tea)
- 6 Medicinal plants for the treatment of various autoimmune diseases
- 7 Conclusion and future perspective
- Chapter 7. Phytomedicine in the treatment of diabetes mellitus
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Clinical overview of diabetes mellitus
- 3 Prevalence
- 4 Pharmacotherapy for diabetes mellitus
- 5 Phytomedicine for diabetes mellitus
- 6 Plants having anti-diabetic activity
- 6.1 Curcuma longa
- 6.2 Momordica charantia
- 6.3 Cinnamomum zeylanicum
- 6.4 Aloe barbadensis
- 6.5 Tinospora cordifolia
- 6.6 Pterocarpus marsupium
- 6.7 Costus pictus
- 6.8 Gymnema sylvestre
- 6.9 Boerhavia diffusa
- 6.10 Emblica officinalis Gaertn
- 6.11 Azadirachta indica
- 6.12 Trigonella foenum-graecum
- 7 Conclusion
- Chapter 8. Use of medicinal plants in treating arthritis
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Classification of rheumatoid arthritis
- 3 Classification of osteoarthritis
- 4 Pharmacology of arthritis
- 5 Phytomedicine for arthritis
- 5.1 Curcuma longa (turmeric)
- 5.2 Zingiber officinalis (ginger)
- 5.3 Trachyspermum ammi (ajwain)
- 5.4 Boswellia serrata (shallaki)
- 5.5 Bhorevia diffusa (punnarnava)
- 5.6 Ricinus communis (castor)
- 5.7 Withania somnifera (ashwagandha)
- 5.8 Terminalia chebula (haritiki)
- 5.9 Nigella sativa (kalonji)
- 5.10 Tinospora cordifolia (guduchi)
- 6 Conclusion
- Chapter 9. Role of medicinal plants in managing thyroid autoimmune diseases
- 1 Background
- 2 Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT)
- 3 Graves' disease
- 4 Natural products in medicine and thyroid dysfunction
- 4.1 Herbs for thyroid diseases
- 4.2 Herbs for hypothyroidism
- 4.2.1 Withania somnifera Ashwagandha
- 4.2.2 Aloe barbendensis
- 4.2.3 Nigella sativa (black cumin)
- 4.2.4 Triphladya guggulu
- 4.3 Herbs for hyperthyroidism
- 4.3.1 Rosmarinic acid
- 4.3.2 Salvia officinalis
- 4.3.3 Melissa officinalis (lemon balm)
- 4.3.4 Prunella vulgaris (self heal)
- 4.3.5 Leonurus cardia (Motherwort herb)
- 4.3.6 Lycopus europaeus
- 4.3.7 Aegle marmelos
- 5 Conclusion
- Chapter 10. Role of medicinal plants in autoimmune diseases like Sjogrens syndrome, SLE and Psoriasis: Concept, utilization and perspectives
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Sjögren’s syndrome
- 2.1 Epidemiology
- 2.2 Pathogenesis
- 2.3 Treatment
- 3 Systemic lupus erythematosus
- 3.1 Epidemiology
- 3.2 Symptoms
- 3.3 Role of plant extracts in treating SLE
- 4 Psoriasis
- 4.1 Different forms of psoriasis
- 4.1.1 Psoriasis plaque
- 4.1.2 Nail psoriasis
- 4.1.3 Guttate psoriasis
- 4.1.4 Inverse psoriasis
- 4.1.5 Pustular psoriasis
- 4.1.6 Erythrodermic psoriasis
- 4.2 Prevalence
- 4.3 Genetics and familial incidence
- 4.4 Causes
- 4.5 Diagnosis
- 4.6 Prevention
- 4.7 Treatment
- 5 Conclusion and future perspectives
- Chapter 11. Medicinal plants with immunomodulatory properties
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Immune system & immunity
- 2 Immunomodulation
- 2.1 Immunomodulation via plant based single formulations and combinatorial therapies
- 2.2 Indian traditional medicine and the practice of Ayurveda
- 2.2.1 Concept of Rasayana
- 3 Immunomodulation by plants
- 3.1 Regulation of immune response- cellular interaction
- 3.2 Immunomodulation in cardiovascular disorders
- 3.2.1 Citrus medica
- 3.2.2 Crocus sativus
- 3.2.3 Amomum subulatum Roxb.
- 3.2.4 Lavandula stoechas L.
- 3.2.5 Melissa officinalis L.
- 3.3 Immunomodulation in microbial infections/diseases
- 3.3.1 Aconitum heterophyllum
- 3.3.2 Abutilon indicum
- 3.3.3 Asparagus racemosus
- 3.3.4 Cryptolepis sanguinolenta
- 3.3.5 Holarrhena antidysenterica
- 3.3.6 Picrorhiza kurroaroyle
- 3.4 Immunomodulation in gastrointestinal disorders
- 3.4.1 Cnicus benedictus
- 3.4.2 Gentiana lutea
- 3.4.3 Carum carvi
- 3.4.4 Matricaria chamomilla
- 3.4.5 Mentha piperita
- 3.4.6 Melissa officinalis
- 3.4.7 Achillea millefolium
- 3.4.8 Acorus calamus
- 3.4.9 Artemisia absinthium
- 3.5 Immunomodulation in respiratory diseases: Emphasis on severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)
- 3.5.1 Azadirachta indica
- 3.5.2 Phyllanthus emblica
- 3.5.3 Picorrhiza kurroa
- 3.5.4 Ocimum sanctum
- 3.5.5 Withania somnifera
- 4 Conclusion and future prospective
- Chapter 12. Different types of phytocompounds with immunomodulatory activities
- 1 Introduction
- 2 The human immune system and phytochemical immunomodulators
- 3 Mechanisms of innate immunity involving cell, cytokine, and complement proteins
- 3.1 Asthma and autoimmune disease as cases of failed adaptive immunity
- 3.2 Tumor development; adaptive immunity deficit
- 4 Immunomodulators identified as herbal phytochemicals
- 4.1 Antioxidants, adjuvants and flavonoids
- 4.2 Terpenoids, saponins; importance in cancer and the chronic inflammatory environment
- 4.2.1 Multifaceted immunomodulatory activities of 1,8-cineole as a case in point for monoterpenes
- 4.3 Plant cell wall polysaccharides; hemicelluloses, pectin sand arabinogalactans
- 4.4 The chromones: New plant molecules
- 5 Conclusion
- Chapter 13. Medicinal plants and other autoimmune diseases
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Genetic factors
- 3 Infectious agents
- 4 Pathogenesis
- 4.1 Synovial immunologic processes and inflammation
- 4.2 Adaptive immune pathways
- 4.3 Blood tests
- 4.4 Hematologic parameters
- 4.4.1 Complete blood count (CBC)
- 4.5 Immunologic parameters
- 5 Rheumatoid factor (RF)
- 5.1 Treatment
- 5.2 Mortality
- 5.3 Natural products from plants against rheumatoid arthritis
- 5.3.1 Zingiber officinale's beneficial effects on arthritis-related symptoms
- 5.3.2 Aloe vera
- 5.3.3 Lappa Arctium (Asteraceae)
- 5.3.4 Artemisia absinthium L. (Asteraceae)
- 6 Medicinal plants as immunosuppressive agents
- 7 Multiple sclerosis
- 8 Diabetes
- 9 Systemic lupus erythematosus
- 10 Graves' disease
- 11 Conclusion
- Index
- Edition: 1
- Published: October 25, 2024
- Imprint: Academic Press
- No. of pages: 350
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9780443187766
- eBook ISBN: 9780443187773
RM
Reetika Mahajan
Dr. Reetika Mahajan is currently working as a woman scientist at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-Kashmir), J&K, India. She has 4 years of Research and more than one year of teaching experience in different subjects of Biotechnology. Her research interests include plant genomics and proteomics, molecular breeding, biochemistry, and transgenics. Earlier, she was deeply involved in teaching undergraduate courses such as Cell and Molecular Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Tissue culture, Environmental biotechnology, etc. at college level. Her editorial activities and scientific memberships include publishing research and review articles in international journals and as a reviewer. Dr Mahajan has published various research and review papers, book chapters on Molecular breeding, genomics and proteomic techniques, and stress tolerant crop plants. She is also reviewer of a few reputed journals: Current Agriculture Research Journal, Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture. She received individual grants (WOS-B) from DST, New Delhi for conducting research.
Affiliations and expertise
Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-Kashmir), IndiaFS
Faheem Shehjar
Dr. Faheem Shehjar is presently working as Post Doc Research Associate of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Centre. Earlier, he worked as Senior Resident at the Advanced Centre for Human Genetics, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS). He obtained his doctorate in Biomedical Sciences from SKIMS (2017). He was awarded the prestigious CSIR-JRF fellowship (2012). Dr. Shehjar was also awarded the Exemplary Researcher Award, SKIMS (2019). Dr. Shehjar has published his research in various international reputed journals and has extensive experience in medical genetics and immunology and holds co-editorship at Intech Open Publications. His expertise includes immunology and genetics.
Affiliations and expertise
Post Doc Research Associate, Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, College of medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Centre, NE, USASZ
Sajad Majeed Zargar
Sajad Majeed Zargar, Ph.D, is currently an Assistant Professor at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Sciences & Technology in India and visiting Professor at University of Padova, Italy. Dr. Zargar is the recipient of the CREST overseas fellowship from DBT, the Goho grant from Govt. of Japan, and the Erasmus Fellowship from European Union. He is also a member and representative of INPPO (International Plant Proteomics Organisation). His editorial activities and scientific memberships include publishing research and review articles in international journals and is also reviewer.
Affiliations and expertise
Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Sciences and Technology, J&K, IndiaKM
Khalid Z. Masoodi
Dr. Khalid Zaffar Masoodi is a young scientist who works as an Assistant Professor in the Division of Plant Biotechnology at the Sher-e Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology in Kashmir (India). He holds a Master's degree in Biotechnology and a doctorate in Plant Biotechnology. Dr. Masoodi is the recipient of numerous awards, including the SERB Early Career Research Award 2016, the SBUR Travel Award in the United States of America in 2012, and the Society of Endocrinology Journal Award in 2018 at Glasgow United Kingdoms. Dr. Masoodi has a distinguished academic record, having qualified for the CSIR-UGC net in Life Sciences, the DBT-BET JRF, and the Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering and Sciences (GATE) while doing his Masters in Biotechnology. Dr. Masoodi has filed Six patent applications in last 2 years, has over 12 years of teaching and research experience, and has published numerous scientific articles in the fields of cancer research, human disease research, and biotechnology research. His laboratory (Transcriptomics Laboratory, often known as K-Lab, after the Klenow fragment) at SKUAST-K is fully equipped with fluorescence imaging, real-time PCR, cell culture, and Western blotting including other state-of-the-art equipment. His research interests span multiple dimensions, including transcriptomics of plant stress biology (biotic/abiotic) and cancer biology. Apart from that, he is extensively involved in the research of new drugs from medicinal plants. Additionally, he is a co-author of Advanced Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Methods (Academic Press, 2020).
Affiliations and expertise
Assistant Professor/Junior Scientist at the Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, IndiaZS
Zahoor A Shah
Zahoor Shah works in the University of Toledo, OH, USA.
Affiliations and expertise
University of Toledo, OH, USARead Role of Medicinal Plants in Autoimmune Diseases on ScienceDirect