Risk Management in the Oil and Gas Industry
Offshore and Onshore Concepts and Case Studies
- 1st Edition - June 14, 2021
- Author: Gerardo Portela Da Ponte Jr
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 3 5 3 3 - 1
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 3 6 2 7 - 7
Risk Management in the Oil and Gas Industry: Offshore and Onshore Concepts and Case Studies delivers the concepts, strategies and good practices of offshore and onshore safety en… Read more
Risk Management in the Oil and Gas Industry: Offshore and Onshore Concepts and Case Studies delivers the concepts, strategies and good practices of offshore and onshore safety engineering that are applicable to petroleum engineering and immediately surrounding industries. Guided by the strategic risk management line, this reference organizes steps in order of importance and priority that should be given to the themes in the practical exercise of risk management activities, from the conceptual and design phase to operational and crisis management situations. Each chapter is packed with practical case studies, lessons learned, exercises, and review questions.
The reference also touches on the newest techniques, including liquefied natural gas (cryogenics) operations and computer simulations that contemplate the influence of human behavior. Critical for both the new and experienced engineer, this book gives the best didactic tool to perform operations safely and effectively.
- Helps readers by presenting practical case studies and exercises that are included in every chapter
- Presents an understanding on how to approach and apply best practices specific to the oil and gas industry, both offshore and onshore
- Provides the knowledge needed to gain new techniques in computer simulation and human factors to apply to various sectors of the industry, including subsea and refineries
Safety engineers; offshore engineers; subsea engineers; safety consultants; safety managers
1 INTRODUCTION AND READING GUIDELINES
2 FUNDAMENTALS OF RISK MANAGEMENT
2.1 UNQUANTIFIABLE RISK 2.2 SAFETY CULTURE AND RISK ACCEPTANCE 2.3 HUMAN FACTORS AND THE ERROR-INDUCING ENVIRONMENT 2.4 EFFICIENCY AND STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT LINE 2.4.1 TECHNICAL AND OPERATIONAL KNOWLEDGE 2.4.2 HAZARD REDUCTION 2.4.3 AGENTS (PEOPLE) EVACUATION 2.4.4 EMERGENCY CONTROL 2.4.5 UNPREDICTABILITY REDUCTION 2.5 LESSONS LEARNED 2.6 EXERCISES 2.7 REVIEW QUESTIONS
3 TECHNICAL AND OPERATIONAL KNOWLEDGE
3.1 KNOWING UPSTREAM INSTALLATIONS 3.1.1 DRILLING SHIP AND COMPLETION 3.1.2 PRIMARY PROCESSING EQUIPMENT 3.1.3 FIXED OFFSHORE PLATFORMS 3.1.4 SEMI SUBMERSIBLE OFFSHORE PLATFORMS 3.1.5 FLOATING OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, STORAGE AND TRANSFER PLATFORMS (FPSO) 3.1.6 SPECIAL OFFSHORE PLATFORMS 3.2 KNOWING DOWNSTREAM INSTALLATIONS 3.2.1 REFINING FACILITIES AND PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS 3.2.2 TRANSPORT AND DISTRIBUTION 3.2.3 SEA TERMINALS (ONSHORE OR AT SHORE) 3.3 KNOWING PROCESS SAFETY 3.3.1 CONTAINMENT LOSS (LIQUID AND GAS LEAKS) 3.3.2 STABLE OR EXPLOSIVE BURNING COMBUSTION 3.3.3 SAFETY IN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL HYDROCARBON PROCESSES 3.4 KNOWING THE OPERATIONAL PRACTICE (FIELD EXPERIENCE) 3.4.1 STRATEGIES FOR ADDRESSING OPERATIONAL FAILURES 3.4.2 PERFORMANCE OF PROFESSIONALS IN OPERATIONAL AND FIELD ACTIVITIES 3.5 KNOWING THE PROJECT ROUTINE 3.5.1 PROJECT ROUTINES 3.5.2 PERFORMANCE OF PROFESSIONALS IN PROJECT ACTIVITIES 3.5.3 SAFETY SYSTEMS DESIGN DOCUMENTS 3.6 LESSONS LEARNED 3.7 EXERCISES 3.8 REVIEW QUESTIONS
4 HAZARD REDUCTION
4.1 SEGMENTATION OF HYDROCARBON INVENTORY 4.1.1 ARRANGEMENT AND LAY OUT TECHNIQUES 4.1.2 BLOCKING SEGMENTATION TECHNIQUES 4.2 EMERGENCY DISPOSAL OF HYDROCARBON INVENTORY 4.2.1 PRESSURE RELIEF AND DEPRESSURIZATION 4.2.2 DISPERSION AND CONTROLLED BURNING 4.3 EMERGENCY AUTOMATIC SHUTDOWN 4.4 LESSONS LEARNED 4.5 EXERCISES 4.6 REVIEW QUESTIONS
5 AGENTS (PEOPLE) EVACUATION
5.1 IMPORTANCE OF ESCAPE AND ABANDONMENT SYSTEMS 5.2 ACCIDENTS IN HYDROCARBON INVENTORY FACILITIES AND SURVIVAL 5.3 HUMAN X SYSTEM INTERACTION DURING ESCAPE AND ABANDONMENT 5.4 ESCAPE AND ABANDON OPERATION 5.5 TECHNICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ESCAPE AND ABANDONMENT SYSTEMS 5.5.1 POSSIBLES OPERATIONAL SEQUENCES 5.5.2 DIMENSIONS AND BASIC RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ESCAPE ROUTES 5.5.3 EVACUATION, ESCAPE AND RESCUE STUDIES 5.5.4 SPACES WITH ACCESS LIMITATIONS AND MACHINE ROOMS 5.5.5 APPLICABLE MATERIALS FOR ESCAPE AND ABANDONMENT SYSTEMS 5.5.6 MUSTER STATIONS AND ABANDONMENT POINTS 5.6 SEA SURVIVAL EQUIPMENT 5.6.1 LIFEBOATS (LIFEBOATS) 5.6.2 LIFERAFTS (LIFEBOATS) 5.6.3 RESCUE BOAT 5.6.4 SALVAGE EQUIPMENT 5.7 LESSONS LEARNED 5.8 EXERCISES 5.9 REVIEW QUESTIONS
6 EMERGENCY CONTROL
6.1 ELECTRIC GENERATION SYSTEMS 6.1.1 ESSENTIAL CONSUMERS 6.1.2 SAFETY CONSUMERS 6.1.3 SPECIAL CONDITIONS FOR CABLES AND LIGHTING 6.1.4 CLASSIFICATION OF AREAS 6.2 VENTILATION, HEATING AND AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS 6.3 FLUSHING, PURGING AND INERTING SYSTEMS 6.4 GAS DETECTION SYSTEMS 6.4.1 FLAMMABLE GAS DETECTION 6.4.2 TOXIC GAS DETECTION (H2S - HYDROGEN SULFIDE) 6.4.3 GAS CONTAMINATION MONITORING (H2S / CH4) 6.4.4 ASPHYXIATING GAS MONITORING (CO2 - CARBON DIOXIDE) 6.4.5 GAS DETECTOR SPECIFICATION AND LOCATION 6.5 FIRE DETECTION SYSTEMS 6.5.1 FLAME DETECTION 6.5.2 HEAT DETECTION (FUSE PLUG) 6.5.3 SMOKE DETECTION 6.5.4 THERMOVELOCIMETRIC DETECTION 6.5.5 FIXED TEMPERATURE DETECTION 6.5.6 SPECIFICATION AND LOCATION OF FIRE DETECTORS 6.6 AUTOMATIC FIRE FIGHTING AND PROTECTION SYSTEMS 6.6.1 WATER SPRINKLER SYSTEMS (DELUGE) 6.6.2 FOAM GENERATION SYSTEMS 6.6.3 FIRE FIGHTING WATER PUMPS 6.6.4 FIRE FIGHTING WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS 6.6.5 CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) SPRINKLER SYSTEMS 6.6.6 ATOMIZED WATER SYSTEMS – WATER MIST 6.7 ADDITIONAL FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS 6.7.1 HYDRANTS 6.7.2 MOBILE FOAM GENERATING EQUIPMENT 6.7.3 WATER MONITOR CANNONS 6.7.4 FIRE EXTINGUISHERS 6.7.5 AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT 6.8 PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION 6.8.1 INTERFERENCE FROM CLASSIFIED BULKHEADS AND PENETRATIONS 6.8.2 INTERFERENCE FROM CLASSIFIED BULKHEADS, DOORS AND WINDOWS 6.8.3 STRUCTURAL PROTECTION 6.8.4 MATERIALS FOR PASSIVE PROTECTION 6.9 CONFINED EQUIPMENT PROTECTION SYSTEMS 6.10 CRYOGENIC PRODUCT ACCIDENTS (LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS - LNG) 6.10.1 KNOWING THE LNG CRYOGENIC CHARACTERISTICS 6.10.2 BASIC ACCIDENTAL SCENARIOS AND LNG CRYOGENICS 6.10.3 EMERGENCY CONTROL AND LNG CRYOGENICS 6.10.4 FAST PHASE TRANSITION AND LNG CRYOGENICS 6.11 SUBSEA SAFETY EQUIPMENT 6.12 PERFORMANCE OF BRIGADISTS AND RESCUERS 6.13 CRISIS MANAGEMENT AND DECISION MAKING 6.14 IDENTIFYING AND SELECTING ACCIDENTAL SCENARIOS 6.14.1 ACCIDENTS OF EXTERNAL ORIGIN 6.14.2 BEYOND DESIGN ACCIDENT 6.15 SAFETY SPECIAL STRATEGIES APPLICABLE TO AUTOMATION 6.16 REDUNDANCY DESIGN AND SAFETY SYSTEMS STARTING 6.17 UNDERSTANDING EXPLOSION PHENOMENA 6.18 LESSONS LEARNED 6.19 EXERCISES 6.20 REVIEW QUESTIONS
7 UNPREDICTABILITY REDUCTION
7.1 RISK ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES 7.1.1 QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE RISK ANALYSIS 7.1.2 PRELIMINARY RISK ANALYSIS (PRA) 7.1.3 PRELIMINARY HAZARD ANALYSIS (PHA OR HAZID) 7.1.4 OPERATIONAL HAZARD ANALYSIS (HAZOP) 7.1.5 OTHER RISK ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES 7.2 CONSEQUENCE STUDIES AND ANALYSIS 7.2.1 FIRE PROPAGATION STUDY 7.2.2 GAS AND SMOKE DISPERSION STUDY 7.2.3 EXPLOSION STUDY 7.2.4 ESCAPE, ABANDONMENT AND RESCUE STUDY (EERA) 7.2.5 ANALYSIS OF LOSS OF LIQUID CONTAINMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL 7.2.6 NAVAL FAILURE STABILITY AND NAVAL DAMAGE CONDITION STUDIES 7.3 FULL SAFETY ANALYSIS STUDY (FSA) 7.3.1 FEATURES OF THE OFFSHORE PLATFORM UNDER ANALYSIS 7.3.2 IMPORTING DOCUMENTS FOR 3D MODEL BUILDING 7.3.3 3D MODEL CONSTRUCTION 7.3.4 PROCESS PLANT AREA ADAPTATION 7.3.5 ADAPTATION OF INTERNAL AREAS TO FPSO HULL 7.3.6 ADAPTATION OF SUPERSTRUCTURE INTERNAL AREAS 7.3.7 DEFINITION OF ONBOARD AGENTS AND THEIR BEHAVIORAL PARAMETERS 7.3.8 DEFINITION OF PEOPLE ON BOARD (POB) 7.3.9 OPERATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF ONBOARD AGENTS 7.3.10 GENDER OF ONBOARD AGENTS 7.3.11 AGENTS ON BOARD 7.3.12 ONBOARD AGENT TRAVEL SPEEDS 7.3.13 REACTION TIMES OF ONBOARD AGENTS 7.3.14 PHYSICAL POSITIONING OF AGENTS IN THE INSTALLATION 7.3.15 SPECIAL TASKS FOR SPECIFIC AGENTS DURING THE EMERGENCY 7.3.16 MEASURING THE EFFECTS OF EMERGENCY ON THE INTEGRITY OF PERSONS 7.3.17 CONCEPTUAL DEFINITION OF ACCIDENTAL SCENARIOS 7.3.18 STANDARD AND GAS LEAK SCENARIOS 7.3.19 FIRE SCENARIOS 7.3.20 NAVAL DAMAGE CONDITION AND NAVAL FAILURE SCENARIOS 7.3.21 THEORETICAL SCENARIOS FOR COMPARATIVE PURPOSES 7.3.22 REPRESENTATIVE SIMULATIONS FOR OFFSHORE INSTALLATIONS 7.4 LESSONS LEARNED 7.5 EXERCISES 7.6 REVIEW QUESTION
8 HUMAN X SYSTEM INTERACTION
8.1 HUMAN ERROR 8.1.1 THE IMPACT OF HUMAN ERROR ON ACCIDENTS 8.1.2 HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND SAFETY 8.1.3 CONSIDERING HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN PROJECTS 8.1.4 TECHNOLOGY ILLITERACY AS A THREAT TO SAFETY 8.2 HUMAN FACTORS 8.2.1 MAIN INFLUENCES RELATED TO HUMAN FACTORS 8.2.2 HUMAN FACTORS ANALYSIS 8.2.3 HUMAN FACTOR TREATMENT PROGRAMS 8.2.4 HUMAN FACTORS IN THE TECHNOLOGY ENTERPRISE LIFE CYCLE 8.3 LIMITATIONS OF QUANTIFICATION TECHNIQUES RELATED TO HUMAN RELIABILITY 8.4 RAPID ENTIRE BODY ASSESSMENT (REBA) 8.4.1 EXAMPLE APPLICATION OF THE REBA TECHNIQUE 8.4.2 HUMAN BODY MECHANICS DURING TASK EXECUTION 8.4.3 ANTHROPOMETRY 8.4.4 STATIC WORK 8.4.5 REPETITIVE WORK, CUMULATIVE TRAUMA AND USE OF HAND TOOLS 8.4.6 REBA EVALUATION 8.4.7 REBA RECOMMENDATIONS 8.5 LESSONS LEARNED 8.6 EXERCISES 8.7 REVIEW QUESTIONS
9 RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
9.1 RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT 9.2 CENTRALIZATION AND DECENTRALIZATION OF RISK MANAGEMENT 9.3 ASSOCIATION OF DIFFERENT TECHNICAL AREAS 9.4 HISTORICAL DATA RECORDS AND INDICATOR MANAGEMENT 9.5 RISK MANAGEMENT, OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND SAFETY ENGINEERING 9.6 RISK-BASED DESIGN - RISK BASED DESIGN 9.7 SAFETY PEER REVIEW (SPR) 9.8 ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION 9.9 SAFETY TESTING SYSTEMS (SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS) 9.10 CAPILLARITY OF RISK MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES 9.11 APPLICABLE TECHNICAL STANDARDS 9.12 LESSONS LEARNED 9.13 EXERCISES 9.14 REVIEW QUESTIONS
10 SYNTHESIS AND OVERVIEW
11 BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES
- Edition: 1
- Published: June 14, 2021
- Language: English
GP
Gerardo Portela Da Ponte Jr
Gerardo Portela da Ponte, Jr, PhD in Risk and Safety Management from the Department of Naval Engineering at COPPE - Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, with a specialization in HUMAN FACTORS at Charles W. Davidson College of Engineering "The California State University", in San Jose CA - USA. Ponte, Jr also served as a researcher in the area of Maritime and Offshore Safety at the Kelvin Hydrodynamics Laboratory, at the University of Strathclyde, Scotland UK. He holds a Master's Degree in Technological Management and a Mechanical and Industrial Engineer from the Federal Center for Technological Education in Rio de Janeiro, CEFET RJ. He has over 40 years of professional experience and is the author of two more books ("Risk Management Based on Human Factors and Safety Culture" and "Crisis Overcoming Machine, We All Have One") in addition to several other works in the area of Risk and Safety Management. Portela worked for some of the largest private and state-owned engineering companies such as Shell, Ishikawagima, Furnas, Eletronuclear, Infraero, Odebrecht and Petrobras. Gerardo Portela da Ponte, Jr is recognized as a reference on the topic of Risk Management, acting as a guest commentator for several press agencies in Brazil such as Globo, Globo News, Record, SBT, Rede TV, Veja, Época, UOL, R7, EXTRA, G1. He is also invited and cited by press organizations such as LOS ANGELES TIMES and VOZ DA AMÉRICA in the USA, ABC Madrid in Europe, TV ASAHI in JAPAN, among others in Brazil and abroad.
Affiliations and expertise
Doctor in Technological Management, Mechanical Engineer, and Industrial Engineer, Federal Center of Technological Education, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilRead Risk Management in the Oil and Gas Industry on ScienceDirect