Respiratory Care Anatomy and Physiology

Foundations for Clinical Practice

5th Edition - May 5, 2022
Author: Will Beachey
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 7 5 7 0 3 - 4
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 8 2 8 3 - 5

**Selected for Doody’s Core Titles® 2024 in Respiratory Therapy**Gain the solid foundation in A&P that you need to provide effective respiratory care! Respiratory Care Ana… Read more

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**Selected for Doody’s Core Titles® 2024 in Respiratory Therapy**

Gain the solid foundation in A&P that you need to provide effective respiratory care! Respiratory Care Anatomy and Physiology, 5th Edition provides an in-depth understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of the lungs, heart, vascular system, and kidneys. It connects theory with practice, showing how physiological principles guide the selection and use of diagnostic, therapeutic, and monitoring procedures. New to this edition are clinical scenarios for issues such as vaping and the addiction pathway. Written by noted educator Will Beachey, this book uses a body systems approach and a unique clinical focus to help you think like a clinician and succeed as a respiratory care professional.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Evolve Student Resources
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors and Reviewers
Preface
Features
New to this Edition
Learning Enhancements
Evolve Resources
Acknowledgements
Section One: The Respiratory System
1. The Airways and Alveoli
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
The Airways
The Alveoli
Points to Remember
References
2. The Lungs and Chest Wall
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
The Lungs as Organs
Blood Supply to the Lungs
Lymphatics of the Lung
Nervous Control of the Lungs and Thoracic Musculature
Thoracic Anatomy
Ventilatory Muscles
Points to Remember
References
3. Mechanics of Ventilation
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Static Lung and Chest Wall Mechanics
Dynamic Lung and Chest Wall Mechanics
Effects of Lung Compliance and Airway Resistance on Ventilation
Points to Remember
References
4. Ventilation
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Partial Pressures of Respiratory Gases
Classification of Ventilation
Ventilatory Pattern, Dead Space, and Alveolar Ventilation
Points to Remember
References
5. Pulmonary Function Measurements
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Static Lung Volumes and Capacities
Dynamic Pulmonary Mechanics Measurements
Tests For Small Airways Disease
Points to Remember
References
6. Pulmonary Blood Flow
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
The Pulmonary Vasculature
Bronchial Vasculature
Pulmonary and Systemic Pressures
Pulmonary Vascular Resistance
Factors Affecting Pulmonary Vascular Resistance
Distribution of Pulmonary Blood Flow
Liquid Movement Across the Alveolar Capillary Membrane
Points to Remember
References
7. Gas Diffusion
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
What is diffusion?
Diffusion Gradients of Respiratory Gases
Laws Governing Diffusion
Factors Affecting Oxygen Diffusion
Measuring Diffusion Capacity
Points to Remember
References
8. Oxygen Equilibrium and Transport
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
How does blood carry oxygen?
Oxygen Delivery (Transport) to Tissues
Cyanosis
Hemoglobin Abnormalities
Points to Remember
References
9. Carbon Dioxide Equilibrium and Transport
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Carbon Dioxide, Carbonic Acid, and Hydrogen Ion Equilibrium
How Blood Carries Carbon Dioxide
Points To Remember
References
10. Acid–Base Regulation
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Basic Concepts
Body Buffer Systems
Acid Excretion
Acid–Base Disturbances
Points to Remember
References
11. Control of Ventilation
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Medullary Respiratory Center
Pontine Centers
Reflex Control of Breathing
Chemical Control of Ventilation
Ventilatory Response to Exercise
Periodic Breathing
Points to Remember
References
12. Ventilation-Perfusion Relationships
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Overall V˙A/Q˙C Ratio
V˙A/Q˙C Ratio Distribution in Normal Lung
Effect of V˙A/Q˙C Imbalances on Gas Exchange
Clinical Measurement of Shunt
Points To Remember
References
13. Clinical Assessment of Acid–Base and Oxygenation Status
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Classification Versus Interpretation
Classification of Acid–Base Disturbances
Assessment and Treatment of Hypoxia
Points to Remember
References
14. Physiological Basis for Mechanical Ventilation Strategies in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Treatment of Hypoxemia and Severe Shunting
Points to Remember
References
15. Physiology of Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Functional Anatomy and Physiology of Sleep
Upper Airway Anatomy and Sleep
Stages of Sleep
Sleep Disorders
Cardiovascular Effects of Untreated Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Physiological Diagnosis of Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Anatomical Treatment of Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Points to Remember
References
16. Fetal and Newborn Cardiopulmonary Physiology
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Development of the Respiratory System
Factors Affecting Fetal Development
Postnatal Anatomical and Physiological Considerations
Fetal and Neonatal Cardiovascular Development and Physiology
Fetal Circulation
Transition to Extrauterine Life
Congenital Cardiac Defects
Acyanotic Disorders
Cyanotic Disorders
Obstructive Congenital Anomalies
Points to Remember
References
Section Two: The Cardiovascular System
17. Functional Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Heart
Points to Remember
References
18. Cardiac Electrophysiology
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Membrane Potentials
Ion Channels and Gates
Effects of Drugs and Extracellular Ion Concentration on the Action Potential
Rhythmic Excitation of the Heart
Transmission of Impulses Through the Heart
Role of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Control
Points to Remember
References
19. The Electrocardiogram and Cardiac Arrhythmias in Adults
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Normal Electrocardiogram
Electrocardiogram Leads
Locating the Heart’s Electrical Axis
Identification of Common Cardiac Arrhythmias
Points to Remember
References
20. Control of Cardiac Output and Hemodynamic Measurements
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Factors Controlling Cardiac Output
Hemodynamic Measurements
Clinical Application of Hemodynamic Measurements
Noninvasive Hemodynamic Monitoring
Points To Remember
References
Section Three: The Renal System
21. Filtration, Urine Formation, and Fluid Regulation
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Functional Anatomy of the Kidneys
Formation of Glomerular Filtrate
Processing the Glomerular Filtrate
Urine Output and Systemic Blood Pressure
Points To Remember
References
22. Electrolyte and Acid–Base Regulation
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Renal Electrolyte Regulation
Speed Of Renal Acid–Base Correction
Harmful Effects Of Fluid, Electrolyte, And Acid–Base Imbalances
Effects Of Renal Failure
Renal Function Tests
Points To Remember
References
Section Four: Integrated Responses in Exercise and Aging
23. Cardiopulmonary Response to Exercise in Health and Disease
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Physiology of Exercise
Physiological Basis for Clinical Exercise Testing
Points to Remember
References
24. Effects of Aging on the Cardiopulmonary System
Chapter Outline
Key Terms
Implications of an Aging Population
Points to Remember
References
Appendix I. Symbols and Abbreviations Used in Cardiopulmonary Physiology
Appendix II. Units of Measurement
Appendix III. Equation Derivations
Ventilation Equation
PCO2 Equation
Correction Factor to Convert BTPS to STPD
VD/VT or Dead Space Fraction
Appendix IV. Dubois Body Surface Area Chart
Index
Inside Back Cover
Ventilatory Mechanics: Lung-Thorax Compliance (CLT) and Airway Resistance (Raw)
Ventilation
Alveolar GAS Equation
Oxygen Contents and Oxygenation
CO2 and Acid-Base Balance
Normal Arterial Blood Gas Values at Sea Level, Breathing Room Air (<60 Years of Age)
Predicted Normal Arterial Blood Gas Values
Normal O2 Contents, Extraction Ratio, and Delivery
Systematic Acid–Base Classification
Expected pH; Effect of Acute PaCO2 Changes
Estimated Mean Arterial Blood Pressure
Exercise Testing

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Respiratory Care Anatomy and Physiology

Foundations for Clinical Practice

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Will Beachey