Replacement Therapies in Adrenal Insufficiency
- 1st Edition - March 20, 2024
- Authors: Peter C. Hindmarsh, Kathy Geertsma
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 4 5 4 8 - 4
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 4 5 4 9 - 1
Replacement Therapies in Adrenal Insufficiency provides a thorough understanding of the conditions which result in adrenal insufficiency. Never before has one source of inform… Read more
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Request a sales quoteReplacement Therapies in Adrenal Insufficiency provides a thorough understanding of the conditions which result in adrenal insufficiency. Never before has one source of information combined all updates on current causes and mechanisms of adrenal sufficiency to allow for quick reference and subsequent treatment decisions. Scientific data on this broad condition includes specific disease coverage of Addison’s disease, hypopituitarism, congenital adrenal hypoplasia and adrenalectomy. Practical points in diagnosis, dosing, drug interactions, replacement therapies and emergency situations are also provided as guidance for overall management.
- Provides available treatment means and how to apply them in varying situations, including use among the chronically ill and within emergency settings
- Includes "Clinical Messages" within each chapter that provide clinical applications for the latest research in each discipline area, with a specific disease focus
- Outlines practical points in the management of adrenal insufficiency, including daily maintenance therapy, illness, sick days, emergencies and travel
Researchers and Healthcare Professionals who are involved in the care of patients with adrenal insufficiency. Caregivers of patients with adrenal insufficiency
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- Section 1
- SECTION 1
- Chapter 1. Adrenal Insufficiency
- Glossary
- General
- How common is adrenal insufficiency?
- CAUSES OF PRIMARY ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY
- CAUSES OF SECONDARY ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY
- PRESENTATION
- DIAGNOSTIC TESTS FOR ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY
- CONCLUSION
- Chapter 2. Physiology of Cortisol Secretion
- Glossary
- GENERAL
- ADRENAL GLANDS
- THE HYPOTHALAMUS AND PITUITARY GLAND
- Pituitary Development
- CIRCADIAN RHYTHM AND CIRCADIAN CLOCKS
- CONCLUSION
- Chapter 3. What are Steroids?
- Glossary
- GENERAL
- CHOLESTEROL
- STEROID BIOSYNTHESIS
- BIOCHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF THE STEROIDS
- STEROIDAL TRANSPORTATION – CORTISOL AS AN EXAMPLE
- STEROID RECEPTORS
- CONCLUSION
- Chapter 4. Biochemical Tests Used in Adrenal Insufficiency
- Glossary
- General
- MEASURING CORTISOL
- Types of sample
- Variation in Measurements
- Tests to Establish Adrenal Insufficiency
- Urine and salivary measurements in identifying adrenal insufficiency
- Stimulation tests measuring cortisol synthesis and release
- 24 hour plasma cortisol profiles
- Testing the Mineralocorticoid Axis
- Conclusion
- Chapter 5. Tests to Establish the Cause of Adrenal Insufficiency
- Glossary
- GENERAL
- PRIMARY ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY
- SECONDARY ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY
- GENETIC TESTING
- CONCLUSION
- Chapter 6. Principles of Pharmacology
- Glossary
- GENERAL
- PHARMACOKINETICS INCLUDING CLEARANCE AND HALF-LIFE
- PHARMACODYNAMICS
- CONCLUSION
- Section 2
- SECTION 2
- Chapter 7. Why It Is Important to Achieve Optimal Glucocorticoid Replacement
- Glossary
- GENERAL
- RESUME OF THE HYPOTHALAMO-PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS
- MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY
- THE ROLE OF THE ANNUAL REVIEW
- CONCLUSION
- CHAPTER 8. Problems Associated With Adrenal Insufficiency
- CHAPTER 8.1. Bone Health
- Chapter 8.2. Weight, Glucose and Insulin
- Glossary
- WEIGHT GAIN
- GLUCOSE AND INSULIN METABOLISM
- CONCLUSION
- Chapter 8.3. Gastrointestinal Problems
- Glossary
- GENERAL
- Mouth
- Gastritis and Gastric Ulcers
- Gastroparesis
- Small intestine AND MICROBIOME
- Large Intestine
- What to do
- Conclusion
- Chapter 8.4. Fertility
- Glossary
- General
- Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
- Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
- Conclusion
- Chapter 8.5. Skin, Muscle and Tendons
- Glossary
- Skin
- MUSCLES AND TENDONS
- CONCLUSION
- Chapter 8.6. Eyes
- Glossary
- General
- Glaucoma
- Cataracts
- Wound healing and infection
- Conclusion
- Chapter 8.7. Dizziness, Headaches and Dehydration
- Glossary
- Dizziness
- Headaches
- Dehydration
- Conclusion
- Chapter 8.8. Sleep, Mood and Cognitive Affects
- Glossary
- Sleep
- Mood Alterations
- Cognitive Affects
- Memory
- Brain fog and poor concentration
- Conclusion
- Chapter 8.9. Growth and Development Issues Which Occur in Adrenal Insufficiency
- Glossary
- OVERTREATMENT
- DELAYED PUBERTY
- UNDERTREATMENT
- CONCLUSION
- Section 3
- SECTION 3
- Chapter 9. Dosing with Glucocorticoids
- Glossary
- GENERAL
- THE CIRCADIAN RHYTHM OF CORTISOL
- REPLACEMENT DOSING WITH HYDROCORTISONE
- TIMING OF EACH HYDROCORTISONE DOSE
- Estimating the distribution of cortisol
- CONCLUSION
- Chapter 10. Monitoring Replacement Therapy
- Glossary
- GENERAL
- WHAT IS MISSING, WHAT WE ARE REPLACING WITH AND WHAT WE SHOULD CHECK
- METHODS OF MONITORING CORTISOL REPLACEMENT
- SINGLE CORTISOL BLOOD TESTS
- DAY CURVES AND 24 HOUR PROFILES
- BLOOD SAMPLING INTERVALS
- CONCLUSION
- Chapter 11. Hydrocortisone Pump Therapy to Mimic the Circadian Rhythm
- Glossary
- GENERAL
- PRINCIPLE OF THE HYDROCORTISONE PUMP
- USE AND BENEFITS OF HYDROCORTISONE PUMP THERAPY
- PRACTICAL POINTS WHEN USING THE PUMP
- RESULTS OF PUMP THERAPY
- PUMPS AND CANNULA SETS
- CONCLUSION
- Chapter 12. Dosing for Stress, Sick Days and Surgery
- Glossary
- GENERAL
- STRESS AND THE STRESS RESPONSE
- EXAMINATIONS
- CORTISOL RESPONSE TO ILLNESS, TRAUMA AND SURGERY
- HOW MUCH TO INCREASE THE DOSE?
- MANAGING SICKNESS AT HOME – SICK DAY RULES
- ILLNESS
- Level 1
- Level 2
- DOSING FOLLOWING ACCIDENTS
- MANAGEMENT IN ACCIDENT AND EMERGENCY
- SURGERY IN PATIENTS RECEIVING GLUCOCORTICOIDS
- SUMMARY GENERAL DOSING GUIDE
- MEDIC ALERT
- EMERGENCY KIT
- Hydrocortisone for intravenous and injection use
- CONCLUSION
- Chapter 13. Glucocorticoid Replacement – Interaction With Other Hormones
- Glossary
- GENERAL
- GLUCOCORTICOIDS AND MINERALOCORTICOIDS
- ESTROGENS AND CORTISOL
- ARGININE VASOPRESSIN AND CORTISOL
- GROWTH HORMONE AND CORTISOL
- THYROXINE AND CORTISOL
- CONCLUSION
- Chapter 14. Sodium and Water Balance
- Glossary
- GENERAL
- PLASMA SODIUM AND WATER
- SODIUM AND THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER
- REGULATION OF THE PLASMA SODIUM CONCENTRATION
- CAUSES OF RAPID CHANGES IN PLASMA SODIUM CONCENTRATIONS
- CORRECTION OF ABNORMAL PLASMA SODIUM CONCENTRATIONS
- FLUDROCORTISONE – 9 ALPHA-FLUDROCORTISONE
- Measures available to ascertain adequacy of fludrocortisone replacement
- SALT AND WATER BALANCE AND BLOOD PRESSURE
- ARGININE VASOPRESSIN AND DESMOPRESSIN
- EXERCISE AND SODIUM AND WATER BALANCE
- CONCLUSION
- Chapter 15. Weaning Glucocorticoids
- Glossary
- GENERAL
- CUSHING’S DISEASE AND CUSHING’S SYNDROME
- HYPOTHALAMO-PITUITARY-ADRENAL SUPPRESSION
- FACTORS INFLUENCING GLUCOCORTICOID WITHDRAWAL
- RULES FOR WEANING EXOGENOUS GLUCOCORTICOID THERAPY
- USING SYNACTHEN TO STIMULATE SUPPRESSED ADRENAL GLANDS
- ASSESSING THE RECOVERY OF THE HYPOTHALAMO-PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS
- CONCLUSION
- Chapter 16. Chronic Health Care and Adrenal Insufficiency
- Glossary
- GENERAL
- LIVING WITH A CHRONIC ILLNESS
- HAVING A CHILD WITH A LONG TERM CONDITION
- IMPACT OF THE CAUSE OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY
- CHRONIC HEALTH CONCEPTS
- THE ROLE OF FAMILY PRACTICE
- VACCINATIONS
- TRAVEL AND TIME ZONES
- SCHOOLS, COLLEGES AND THE WORKPLACE
- CONCLUSION
- Appendix 1. Converting System International (Si) Blood Measures Into North American Values or Conventional Units
- APPENDIX 2. List of Abbreviations
- Index
- No. of pages: 490
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: March 20, 2024
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Paperback ISBN: 9780128245484
- eBook ISBN: 9780128245491
PH
Peter C. Hindmarsh
Peter Hindmarsh is a Professor of Pediatric Endocrinology in London, United Kingdom. He has published extensively on cortisol physiology and pharmacology and how these impact on replacement therapies for adrenal insufficiency. He is interested in better delivery of treatment in a more physiological manner as exemplified by the delivery of hydrocortisone using pump therapy to mimic the circadian rhythm.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor of Pediatric Endocrinology and Divisional Clinical Director for Pediatrics and Adolescents, UCLH, Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, University College London, UKKG
Kathy Geertsma
As the parent of a young adult with Salt Wasting Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, Kathy Geertsma became chair of a Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Patient, Parent and Carer Information and Support Group known as CAHISUS. She has extensive contact with patients, parents, and carers from all over the world who struggle with confirming the cause for adrenal insufficiency and getting access to proper treatment. As a result, she offers a unique perspective about how practitioners can better serve the needs of their patients.
Affiliations and expertise
Chair CAHISUS Support and Information Group, London, UKRead Replacement Therapies in Adrenal Insufficiency on ScienceDirect