Receptors and Hormone Action

List of Contributors

Preface


1 Sequence Organization of Eukaryotic DNA

I. Introduction

II. Techniques for Determining Interspersion Patterns

III. The Short and Long Interspersion Patterns

IV. Generality of the Interspersion Patterns

V. Conclusions

References


2 The Eukaryotic Nucleus

I. Introduction

II. The Nuclear Structures

III. Chromatin

IV. The Nucleolus

References


3 Chromatin Structure

I. Introduction

II. Histone-DNA Interactions

III. Histone-Histone Interactions

IV. Structure of Histone-Bound Regions in Chromatin

V. Structure of Chromatin Subunits

VI. Chromatin Structure and Its Relation to Biological Functions

References


4 Functional Organization of Chromatin

I. Introduction

II. Histones as Gene Repressors and Structural Elements

III. Nonhistone Proteins in DNA Transcription

IV. Immunospecificity of Chromosomal Components

V. Chromsomal Proteins with Affinity for DNA

VI. Biological Properties of the Chromosomal Nonhistone Protein Fraction NP

VII. Nonhistone Proteins in Chromatin Fractionation

VIII. Discussion and Conclusions

References


5 Animal Nuclear RNA Polymerases

I. Introduction

II. Isolation and Diversity of Nuclear RNA Polymerases

III. General Properties of Nuclear RNA Polymerases

IV. General Functions of Nuclear RNA Polymerases

V. Molecular Structures of Nuclear RNA Polymerases

VI. Levels of Nuclear RNA Polymerases during Alterations in Gene Activity

VII. Components Which Regulate the Activity or Selectivity of Nuclear RNA Polymerases

VIII. Selective Gene Transcription by Nuclear RNA Polymerases in Reconstructed Systems

IX. Conclusions

References


6 Synthesis and Processing of Eukaryotic Messenger RNA

I. Introduction

II. Size and Sequence Organization of Primary Transcripts

III. Posttranscriptional Modifications

IV. Synthesis and Processing of Specific Gene Sequences

V. Conclusions: Future Approaches

References


7 Purification and Characterization of Eukaryotic RNA and Unique Sequenee Genes

I. Introduction

II. Translation of Messenger RNA in Vitro

III. Preparation of RNA from Tissue

IV. Purification of Messenger RNA

V. Characterization of Messenger RNA

VI. Synthesis and Amplification of Structural Genes

VII. Isolation of Intact Genes from Natural Eukaryotic DNA

VIII. Purification of Eukaryotic Messenger RNA's Present in Low Concentrations

References


8 Analysis of Cellular Messenger RNA Using Complementary DNA Probes

I. Introduction

II. Synthesis of eDNA's

III. Hybridization Experiments with eDNA's

IV. Interpretation of Hybridization Data

V. Uses of eDNA Probes to Isolate Hormone- or Tissue-Specific RNA Sequences

VI. Incorporation of eDNA's into Bacterial Plasmids

VII. Conclusions

VIII. Appendix: A Computer Program for Analysis of Nucleic Acid Hybridization

References


9 Gene Expression in the Eukaryotie Cell

I. Introduction

II. Evidence for Differential Gene Transcription

III. Possible Mechanisms for Selective Gene Expression

IV. The Role of Nonhistone Proteins in Gene Regulation

V. Problems and Perspectives

References


10 Regulation of Gene Expression in the Eukaryotie Cell

I. Introduction

II. Subreactions of Transcription and Kinetics

III. Measurement of Chromatin Initiation Sites during Estrogen Mediated Oviduct Differentiation

IV. In Vitro Transcription of the Ovalbumin Gene

V. Fidelity of In Vitro Transcription of the Ovalbumin Gene

VI. Role of Chromatin Proteins in the Regulation of the Ovalbumin Gene

References


11 Steroid Hormone Receptors: Basic Principles and Measurement

I. Introduction

II. Receptor Criteria and Measurement

III. Determination of Receptor Parameters: Theory and Practice

IV. Receptor States and Measurement by [3H]Steroid Exchange

References


12 Current Views on the Organization of Lipids and Proteins in Plasma Membranes

I. Introduction

II. Organization of Membrane Lipids

III. Organization of Membrane Proteins

IV. Membrane Lipid-Protein Association

V. Regulation of Membrane Function

References


13 Fluidity in Membranes

I. Introduction

II. Probes of Membrane Structure

III. Applications to Natural Membranes

References


14 Reconstitution of the Coupled Transports of Na+ and K+ from Purified Na+K+-ATPase

I. Purification of the Na+K+-ATPase

II. Properties of Na+K+-ATPase 451

III. Reconstitution of Coupled Na+ and K+ Transport in Vesicles Containing the Purified NA+K+-ATPase from the Rectal Gland of Squalus acanthias

IV. Role of Phospholipids in the Coupled Transports of Na+ and K+ in Vesicles

V. Exchange Diffusion of Na+

VI. Exchange Diffusion of K+

VII. Other Studies on the Reconstitution of K+ Transport

References


15 Solubilization and Characterization of Adenylyl Cyclase: Approaches and Problems

I. Solubilization of Adenylyl Cyclase

II. Characterization of Soluble Adenylyl Cyclase

III. Conclusions

References


16 The Actions of Hormones and Nucleotides on Membrane Bound Adenylyl Cyclases: An Overview

I. Introduction

II. General Properties of Adenylyl Cyclases

III. Stimulation by Hormones

IV. Coupling

V. Effects of GMP-P(NH)P

VI. Alternate Models for Action of Guanyl Nucleotides

VII. Modes of Action of Hormones

VIII. Concluding Remarks

References


17 An Approach to the Study of the Kinetics of Adenylyl Cyclase

I. Introduction

II. Experimental Procedures

III. Results

IV. Discussion and Conclusions

References

Index