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Recent Advances in Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass
- 1st Edition - January 22, 2015
- Editors: Ashok Pandey, Thallada Bhaskar, Michael Stöcker, Rajeev Sukumaran
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 6 3 2 8 9 - 0
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 4 - 6 3 2 9 0 - 6
This book provides general information and data on one of the most promising renewable energy sources: biomass for its thermochemical conversion. During the last few years, th… Read more
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Request a sales quoteThis book provides general information and data on one of the most promising renewable energy sources: biomass for its thermochemical conversion. During the last few years, there has been increasing focus on developing the processes and technologies for the conversion of biomass to liquid and gaseous fuels and chemicals, in particular to develop low-cost technologies.
This book provides date-based scientific information on the most advanced and innovative processing of biomass as well as the process development elements on thermochemical processing of biomass for the production of biofuels and bio-products on (biomass-based biorefinery). The conversion of biomass to biofuels and other value-added products on the principle biorefinery offers potential from technological perspectives as alternate energy. The book covers intensive R&D and technological developments done during the last few years in the area of renewable energy utilizing biomass as feedstock and will be highly beneficial for the researchers, scientists and engineers working in the area of biomass-biofuels- biorefinery.
- Provides the most advanced and innovative thermochemical conversion technology for biomass
- Provides information on large scales such as thermochemical biorefinery
- Useful for researchers intending to study scale up
- Serves as both a textbook for graduate students and a reference book for researchers
- Provides information on integration of process and technology on thermochemical conversion of biomass
Chemical engineers, biochemical engineers, microbiologists, biotechnologists working in academic and research institutes, or in industry or governmental agencies.MS/M Tech students, Ph D scholars, and researchers studying biohydrogen production, wastewater treatment for value-addition, alternate energy sources, renewable energy from biomass.
- Preface
- I: General
- Chapter 1: Advances in Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass—Introduction
- Abstract
- 1.1 World Energy Demand and Supply/Preamble
- 1.2 Biofuel Policies
- 1.3 Biomass—an Opportunity
- 1.4 Biomass Conversion Methods
- 1.5 Advantages of Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass
- 1.6 Concept of Biorefinery
- 1.7 Scientometric Analysis
- 1.8 Conclusion and Perspectives
- Chapter 2: Feedstock Suitability for Thermochemical Processes
- Abstract
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Processes for the Conversion of Biomass into Various Products in a Biorefinery
- 2.3 Thermochemical Conversion
- 2.4 Nonprocess Parameters Affecting the Conversion Process
- 2.5 Conclusions and Perspectives
- Chapter 3: Analytical Techniques as a Tool to Understand the Reaction Mechanism
- Abstract
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Composition of Lignocellulosic Biomass Samples
- 3.3 Thermal Analysis
- 3.4 Analytical Pyrolysis
- 3.5 Reaction Mechanisms of the Thermal Decomposition
- 3.6 Effect of Inorganic Materials on the Decomposition Mechanism
- 3.7 Effect of Torrefaction on the Composition and Decomposition Mechanisms
- Acknowledgments
- Chapter 4: Catalysts for Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass
- Abstract
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Biomass and Biofuels
- 4.3 Properties of Catalysts
- 4.4 Types of Catalysts
- 4.5 Catalysts for the Conversion of Biomass
- 4.6 Catalysts for Hydropyrolysis of Biomass
- 4.7 Catalysts for Biochar Gasification
- 4.8 Conclusion and Perspectives
- Acknowledgments
- Chapter 5: Artificial Neural Networks for Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass
- Abstract
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Modeling Using Artificial Neural Networks
- 5.3 Development of Artificial Neural Network Models
- 5.4 Conclusions and Perspectives
- Chapter 6: Thermochemical Biorefinery
- Abstract
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Biomass as a Sustainable Resource
- 6.3 Feedstocks for Thermochemical Biorefinery
- 6.4 Composition of Biomass
- 6.5 Biomass Conversion Methods
- 6.6 Existing Biorefinery Concepts
- 6.7 Products from Thermochemical Biorefinery
- 6.8 Conclusions and Perspectives
- Acknowledgments
- Chapter 1: Advances in Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass—Introduction
- II: Primary Processes
- Chapter 7: Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass: Recent Advances in Fast Pyrolysis Technology
- Abstract
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 Chemistry of Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass
- 7.3 Pyrolysis Reactors
- 7.4 Recent Advances in Fast Pyrolysis Technology
- 7.5 Future Research and Development Challenges
- Chapter 8: Biomass Gasification to Produce Syngas
- Abstract
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Biomass Gasifiers for Syngas Production
- 8.3 Secondary Syngas Cleaning and Conditioning
- 8.4 Recent Trends Toward Process Intensification
- 8.5 Conclusions and Perspectives
- Chapter 9: Hydrothermal Gasification of Biomass
- Abstract
- 9.1 Hydrothermal Treatment Technologies
- 9.2 History
- 9.3 Reactions
- 9.4 Feedstocks
- 9.5 Catalysts
- 9.6 Process Design
- 9.7 Research and Development Topics
- 9.8 Conclusions and Perspectives
- Chapter 10: Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass
- Abstract
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 First-Generation Biofuels
- 10.3 Second-Generation Biofuels
- 10.4 Third-Generation Biofuels
- 10.5 Biomass Conversion Routes
- 10.6 Hydrothermal Liquefaction: Advantages Over Pyrolysis
- 10.7 Direct Liquefaction Processes
- 10.8 Hydrothermal Upgradation
- 10.9 Properties of Subcritical and Supercritical Water
- 10.10 Reactors
- 10.11 HTU Chemistry: Conceivable Reaction Pathways and Decomposition Mechanism in Hydrothermal Liquefaction
- 10.12 Parameters (Physical and Chemical) Influencing Product Distribution During HTU of Biomass
- 10.13 Conclusions and Perspectives
- Acknowledgments
- Chapter 11: Carbonization of Biomass
- Abstract
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 Biomass Carbonization Process Conditions
- 11.3 Carbonization Products and Their Physicochemical Properties
- 11.4 Chemistry of the Carbonization Process
- 11.5 Relevant Feed Properties in Biomass Carbonization
- 11.6 Relevant Process Variables in Biomass Carbonization
- 11.7 Carbonization Pyrolysis Systems and Reactors
- 11.8 Conclusions and Perspectives
- Chapter 12: Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass
- Abstract
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 HTC Chemistry
- 12.3 HTC Chemical Structure
- 12.4 Parameters Affecting the HTC Process
- 12.5 Nanostructuring and Functionalization
- 12.6 Applications of Hydrothermal Carbons
- 12.7 Conclusions
- Chapter 7: Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass: Recent Advances in Fast Pyrolysis Technology
- III: Secondary Processes
- Chapter 13: Coprocessing of Bio-oil in Fluid Catalytic Cracking
- Abstract
- 13.1 General View About Coprocessing Bio-oils in Refineries
- 13.2 Bio-oil Production and Characterization
- 13.3 Upgrading of Bio-oils Prior to Coprocessing
- 13.4 Coprocessing Bio-oils and FCC Feedstocks
- 13.5 Conclusions
- Chapter 14: Biomass Gasification Integrated Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis: Perspectives, Opportunities and Challenges
- Abstract
- 14.1 Introduction
- 14.2 Facets of FT Synthesis: Chemistry and Engineering
- 14.3 Reactors for FT Synthesis
- 14.4 Biomass Power in India
- 14.5 Biomass Utilization: Technical Options
- 14.6 Technology for Biomass Gasification
- 14.7 Coupling of Biomass Gasification and FT Synthesis for BGIFT (or BTL) Process
- 14.8 Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
- Chapter 15: Utilization of Supercritical Fluid for Catalytic Thermochemical Conversions of Woody-Biomass Related Compounds
- Abstract
- 15.1 Introduction
- 15.2 Gasification of Lignin and Woody Biomass with Supported Ruthenium Catalysts in Supercritical Water
- 15.3 Hydrogenation with Supported Metal Catalysis in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
- 15.4 Conclusions and Perspectives
- Chapter 16: Thermochemical Valorization of Lignin
- Abstract
- 16.1 Introduction
- 16.2 Composition of Lignin
- 16.3 Separation of Lignin from Biomass
- 16.4 Thermochemical Conversion of Lignin
- 16.5 Lignin to High-Value Products
- 16.6 Conclusions and Perspectives
- Acknowledgments
- Chapter 13: Coprocessing of Bio-oil in Fluid Catalytic Cracking
- Index
- No. of pages: 504
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: January 22, 2015
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Hardback ISBN: 9780444632890
- eBook ISBN: 9780444632906
AP
Ashok Pandey
TB
Thallada Bhaskar
MS
Michael Stöcker
Michael Stöcker received his Diploma in Chemistry in 1975 and his Dr. rer. nat. degree in 1979 - both from the University of Münster (Germany). He kept positions as Research Assistant at the Universities of Münster (Germany, 1975-1979) and Bergen (Norway, 1980-1982) before he joined the Center for Industrial Research (SI - now SINTEF) in 1982. In 1988-1989 he had a sabbatical leave at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver (Canada). He is the Emeritus Editor-in-Chief of the scientific journal “Microporous and Mesoporous Materials”, published by Elsevier B.V.
Furthermore, Michael Stöcker kept side positions as Adjunct Professor at the University of Bergen (Norway, 1999-2004) and the Norwegian University for Science and Technology in Trondheim (Norway, 2004-2007).
Michael Stöcker has 30 years experience within the fields of synthesis, characterization and catalytic testing of different type of materials, covering mainly zeolites, micro- and mesoporous materials and oxide materials related to catalysis, sorption technology, surface modification and design of novel processes. Special interests are within spectrocopy (Solid-state NMR, ESR, XPS), micro- and mesoporous materials, zeolites, catalytic cracking, desulphurization, MTO as well as bio-refinery related catalysis.
He is the author or co-author of about 155 scientific journal publications (including 10 review papers and 10 Handbook chapters), and is co-inventor of two patents. Michael Stöcker has co-edited two scientific books. He has presented about 130 lectures on a national and international basis, about 65 of them based on invitations. He has been project manager of a number of larger industrial contract research projects, Norwegian Research Council and EU projects.
He served on the Board (Council) of the International Zeolites Association (IZA – 1998-2004), as Chairman of the IZA Catalysis Commission (1998-2004 – member since 1994) and as a member of the IZA Synthesis Commission (1992-2004). He is a Member of the Editorial Board of the “Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology”.
He received the DGMK 2009 Award of the German Society for Petroleum and Coal Science and Technology.
RS
Rajeev Sukumaran
Currently he is the activity leader for the Biofuels program of the Centre for Biofuels at NIIST, and had been the program coordinator for NIIST’s major laboratory program on biofuels. He played a leading role in setting up the Centre for Biofuel’s lignocellulosic ethanol pilot plant at NIIST. Currently his main research interests include-Developing enzymes for biomass conversion to sugars and ethanol, Glucose tolerant ß-glucosidases from fungi, and developing molecular methods for heterologous gene expression in fungi.
He has authored reports for national policy making bodies and for international agencies, on biofuels including the International Energy Agency. He is the academic editor of “British Biotechnology Journal” and is a member of the editorial board of “Conference Papers in Energy”. He has authored 56 publications in International Journals and 5 book chapters. He has also served as member of different task forces including Biotech Task Force for the State Council of Science, Technology and Environment, of Kerala state, India and is a member of the panel of reviewers ( for R & D projects) for the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India.