Foreword by Prof. Dr. W. Burkart,Deputy Director General, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna PrefaceIntroduction: Radioactivity and our Well BeingRadioactivity Hall of Fame – Part I Democritus (c.460-c.370 B.C.), W.C. Rontgen (1845-1923), H. Becquerel (1852-1908), Pierre (1859-1906) and Marie Curie (1867-1934), P. Villard (1860-1934), E. Rutherford (1871-1937), H.A. Lorentz (1853-1928), P. Zeeman (1865-1943), J.J. Thomson (1856-1940), P. Lenard (1862-1947) Chapter 1. Alpha RadiationI. IntroductionII. Decay EnergiesIII. Alpha Particle Interactions with MatterIV. Alpha Particle RangesRadioactivity Hall of Fame – Part IIF. Soddy (1877-1956), C.T.R. Wilson (1869-1959), F. Joliet (1900-1958) and I. Joliet-Curie (1897-1956), E. Fermi (1901-1954), W. Pauli (1900-1958), F. Reines (1918-1998) and C. Cowan, Jr. (1919-1974)Chapter 2. Beta RadiationI. IntroductionII. NegatronsIII. PositronsIV. Beta-particle Absorption and TransmissionV. Stopping Power and Linear Energy TransferRadioactivity Hall of Fame – Part IIIM. Planck (1858-1947), L. de Broglie (1892-1987), A. Einstein (1879-1955), A.H. Compton (1892-1962), M. von Laue (1879-1960), Sir W.H. Bragg (1862-1942) and Sir W.L. Bragg (1890-1971), H.G.J. Moseley (1887-1915), C.G. Barkla (1877-1944), M. Siegbahn (1886-1978), R.A. Millikan (1868-1953)Chapter 3. Gamma- and X-Radiation – PhotonsI. IntroductionII. Dual Nature: Wave and ParticleIII. Gamma RadiationIV. Annihilation RadiationV. Cherenkov RadiationVI. X-RadiationVII. BremsstrahlungVIII. Interactions of Electromagnetic Radiation with MatterRadioactivity Hall of Fame – Part IVJ. Chadwick (1891-1974), L. Meitner (1878-1968 and O. Hahn (1879-1968), L. Szilard (1898-1964)Chapter 4. Neutron RadiationI. IntroductionII. Neutron ClassificationIII. Sources of NeutronsIV. Interactions of Neutrons with MatterV. Neutron Attenuation and Cross SectionsVI. Neutron DecayRadioactivity Hall of Fame – Part VN. Bohr (1885-1962), G. Hertz (1887-1975) and J. Frank (1882-1964), W. Heisenberg (1901-1976), E. Schrodinger (1887-1961), M. Born (1882-1970) and P.A.H. Dirac (1902-1984), C. Davisson (1881-1958) and G.P. Thomson (1892-1975) Chapter 5. Atomic Electron RadiationI. IntroductionII. Internal Conversion ElectronsIII. Auger ElectronsRadioactivity Hall of Fame – Part VIV.F. Hess (1883-1964), C.D. Anderson (1905-1991), P.M.S. Blackett (1897-1974), Hideki Yukawa (1907-1981), C.F. Powell (1903-1969), D.A. Glaser (1926-), Pierre Victor Auger (1899-1993) Chapter 6. Cosmic RadiationI. IntroductionII. Classification and PropertiesIII. Showers of the Cosmic RadiationIV. Cosmic Rays UndergroundV. Origins of Cosmic RadiationVI. Cosmic Background RadiationVII. Dose from Cosmic Radiation and other SourcesRadioactivity Hall of Fame – Part VIIS. Ivanovich Vavilov (1891-1951), P. Alekseyevich Cherenkov (1904-1990), I. Mikhailovich Frank (1908-1990) and I. Yevgenyevich Tamm (1895-1971)Chapter 7. Cherenkov RadiationI. IntroductionII. Theory and PropertiesIII. Cherenkov Photons from Gamma-ray InteractionsIV. Particle IdentificationV. Applications in Radionuclide AnalysisRadioactivity Hall of Fame - Part VIIIE.O. Lawrence (1901-1958, J.D. Cockroft (1897-1967) and E.T.S. Walton (1903-1995), H.A. Bethe (1906-2005), W.F. Libby (1908-1980)Chapter 8. Radioisotope Decay, Radioactivity Units and Radionuclide MassI. IntroductionII. Half-lifeIII. General Decay EquationsIV. Secular EquilibriumV. Transient EquilibriumVI. No EquilibriumVII. More Complex Decay SchemesVIII. Radioactivity Units and Radionuclide MassAppendix A - Particle Range-Energy CorrelationsAppendix B - Periodic Table of the Elements