Principles of Zoological Micropalaeontology

ForewordPreface to English Edition1. Micropalaeontology and Microstratigraphy (Basic Terms and Short Survey of History) Micropalaeontology Differentiation of Micro- from Macropalaeontology Microstratigraphy Short Survey of the Historical Development of Micropalaeontology2. The Collection, Preparation and Study of Microfossils Sampling Sampling from Natural and Artificial Exposures Sampling by Drilling Packaging of Samples Treatment of Samples (a) Methods Used in Practice (b) Special Methods for the Scientific Study of Microfossils Preparation of Transparent Microfossils for Observation and Photography in Incident Light (a) The Ammonium Chloride Method (b) Silvering (c) Heating of Transparent Calcareous Microfossils Production of Artificial Moulds (Infillings) Orientated Thin Sections of Microfossils Production of Cross-Fractures in Ostracod Valves Etching Preparation of Collodion Impressions of Sections of Large Foraminifera The Use of the Polarizing Microscope Electron Microscopy X-rays and Spectroscopy Drawing and Photography of Microfossils Determination of Microfossils3. Microstratigraphical Methods General Microstratigraphical Correlation of Strata Intraregional Correlation of Strata Interregional Correlation of Strata4. Class Radiolaria Müller 1858 Diagnosis Morphology of the Soft Parts Skeleton Reproduction Ecology Phylogeny The Facies of Fossil Radiolarian Sediments Geographical and Palaeogeographical Distribution of Radiolarites and Radiolaria Historical Development of Radiolarian Assemblages Classification Appendix5. Thekamoebae Test Reproduction Ecology Taxonomy Geological Distribution of Thekamoebae6. Order: Foraminifera d’Orbigny 1829 Definition The Shape of the Test Building Material and Structure of Test Wall (a) Tectinous Test (b) Agglutinated Test (c) Siliceous Test (d) Calcium Carbonate Test (e) Perforate and Imperforate Tests Orientation of the Foraminiferal Test Morphology of the Components of the Test (a) Proloculus (b) Post-Embryonic Chambers (c) Septa and Sutures (d) Aperture (e) Complications of the Wall and Chamber Structure (f) Canal System (g) Ornamentation Terminology for the Dimensions of the Tests and their Parts Reproduction (a) Cyclic Processes of Reproduction (b) Acyclic Reproduction Processes Growth of the Test Ecology of Living Foraminifera (a) Ecology of Recent Benthonic Foraminifera (b) Ecology of Recent Planktonic Foraminifera Palaeoecology Description of Foraminifera Principles of a Natural System of Classification (a) Structural Pattern Taxonomy Geological Distribution of Foraminifera Cambrian Ordovician and Silurian Devonian Carboniferous and Permian Triassic Jurassic Lower Cretaceous Upper Cretaceous Late Upper Cretaceous and the Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary Tertiary History of Foraminiferal Research Glossary of the Most Important Scientific Terms Used in Describing Foraminifera: English—French—German—Russian7. Tintinnina Description Variability Ecology of Recent Tintinnina Classification Stratigraphical and Palaeogeographical Distribution History of Research8. Incertae sedis; Pithonella, Stomtosphaera, Cadosina, Oligostegina, Spheres (a) Pithonella (b) Stomiosphaera (c) Cadosina 488 (d) Oligostegina (e) Spheres9. Chitinozoa Eisenack 1931 Morphology Composition of the Wall Systematic Position Reproduction Ecology Stratigraphical and Geographical Distribution Classification10. Hystrichospheres and Similar Micro-organisms Description Systematic Position of the Hystrichospheres Ecology Geological Distribution History of Research Classification Microfossils Incertae sedis Preserved as Organic Matter in FlintAddendum Bibliography Fossil Index Subject Index Author Index Postscript