Presolar Grains in Extra-Terrestrial Materials
Probing Stars with Stardust
- 1st Edition - March 25, 2025
- Editor: Sachiko Amari
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 1 8 3 0 - 3
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 1 8 3 1 - 0
Presolar Grains in Extra-Terrestrial Materials: Probing Stars with Stardust presents the latest research on presolar grains and their stellar sources in a cohesive resource for br… Read more
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Request a sales quotePresolar Grains in Extra-Terrestrial Materials: Probing Stars with Stardust presents the latest research on presolar grains and their stellar sources in a cohesive resource for bringing researchers in cosmochemistry, astrophysics, and astronomy up to speed on the state-of-the-art developments, analysis, and future implications. Beginning with a historical perspective on the study of presolar grains, the book then reviews the properties and features of a variety of presolar grains, including sililcon carbide, graphite, diamonds, oxides, and silicates. It also includes techniques for analyzing presolar grains in the lab, and covers the stars that are considered sources of presolar grains, such as asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, supernovae, novae, and born-again AGB stars. Condensation calculations in various types of stars and minerals observed and/or expected in the stellar atmospheres and presolar grains are also presented.
By providing the latest state in the study of of presolar grains and relevant fields of astronomy and astrophysics, Presolar Grains in Extra-Terrestrial Materials serves as an up-to-date summary of data, analysis, and implications of the study of presolar grains and their stellar sources.
By providing the latest state in the study of of presolar grains and relevant fields of astronomy and astrophysics, Presolar Grains in Extra-Terrestrial Materials serves as an up-to-date summary of data, analysis, and implications of the study of presolar grains and their stellar sources.
- Covers various aspects of the presolar grain study of different mineral types such as silicon carbide, graphite, diamonds, oxides, and silicates
- Presents a historical account of the study of presolar grains
- Includes the latest research on stellar sources of presolar grains and grain condensations in stellar atmospheres
Researchers, professors, and graduate students in the fields of astrophysics, cosmochemistry, and astronomy
- Presolar Grains in Extra-Terrestrial Materials
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Contributors
- Preface
- Part I: Presolar grains
- Chapter 1 The quest for presolar grains: A historical perspective
- Abstract
- Keywords
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Carbonaceous presolar grains and noble gas analyses
- 2.1 Diamonds and Xe-HL
- 2.2 Graphite and Ne-E(L)
- 2.3 Silicon carbide and Xe-S, Kr-S, and Ne-E(H)
- 2.4 Roberto Gallino and Edward Anders
- 3 Oxides, minor SiC populations, and ion imaging
- 4 Presolar silicates and innovation in instrumentation
- 5 Summary and future outlook
- References
- Chapter 2 Silicon carbide
- Abstract
- Keywords
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Occurrence of silicon carbide in primitive solar system materials
- 1.1 Isolation and identification
- 1.2 Occurrence and abundance
- 2 Analysis techniques
- 2.1 Gas mass spectrometry
- 2.2 TIMS and ICP-MS
- 2.3 Secondary ion mass spectrometry
- 2.4 Resonance ionization mass spectrometry
- 3 Isotope studies of silicon carbide bulk samples
- 3.1 Noble gases and light elements (carbon, nitrogen)
- 3.2 Refractory heavy trace elements
- 4 Isotope studies of individual silicon carbide grains
- 4.1 Classification
- 4.2 Mainstream grains
- 4.3 Type Y and Z grains
- 4.4 Type X, C, and D grains
- 4.5 Type AB grains
- 4.6 Nova grains
- 5 Silicon nitride
- 6 Physical properties
- 7 Presolar ages
- 8 Summary
- References
- Chapter 3 Presolar graphite in meteorites
- Abstract
- Keywords
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Abundances, morphologies, and grain sizes of presolar graphite
- 2.1 Abundances
- 2.2 Separation procedure
- 2.3 Methods and instruments
- 2.4 Morphologies and internal microstructure
- 2.5 Grain size distribution
- 3 Main stellar sources of graphite grains
- 3.1 Thermally pulsing AGB stars
- 3.2 Supernovae
- 4 Bulk noble gas analysis
- 5 Isotopic ratios of individual graphite grains
- 5.1 Carbon and nitrogen
- 5.2 Oxygen
- 5.3 Magnesium
- 5.4 Silicon
- 5.5 Short-lived radionuclides
- 5.6 Calcium
- 5.7 Titanium
- 5.8 Helium and neon
- 5.9 Heavy elements
- 6 Graphite grains and their stellar sources
- 6.1 Supernovae
- 6.2 Low-metallicity AGB stars
- 6.3 Born-again AGB stars
- 6.4 Novae
- 6.5 J stars
- 6.6 Abundances of grains from supernovae and AGB stars
- 7 Phases within graphite grains
- 7.1 Subgrains
- 7.2 Organics
- 8 Summary and future outlook
- References
- Chapter 4 Nanodiamonds
- Abstract
- Keywords
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Occurrence of nanodiamond in primitive Solar System materials
- 1.1 Isolation and identification
- 1.2 Occurrence and abundances
- 2 Nanodiamond residues
- 3 Isotope studies of nanodiamond samples
- 3.1 Noble gases
- 3.2 Carbon and nitrogen
- 3.3 Trace elements other than noble gases and nitrogen
- 4 Incorporation of trace elements
- 4.1 Implications of nanodiamond grain size separates
- 4.2 Implantation model
- 4.3 Application of the implantation model
- 4.4 Other isotope effects observed in grain-size separates
- 4.5 Experimental simulation of ion implantation
- 5 Isotopic signatures and nucleosynthesis
- 5.1 The P3 component: Kr and Xe
- 5.2 The HL component
- 6 Nanodiamond microstructure and formation mechanisms
- 7 Possible sources
- 7.1 Supernovae
- 7.2 Carbon stars
- 7.3 Interstellar medium
- 7.4 Solar nebula
- 8 Summary
- References
- Chapter 5 Presolar oxide grains
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Historical background and introduction
- 2 What is a presolar oxide grain?
- 3 Types and sizes of presolar oxide grains
- 4 Isotopic characteristics
- 4.1 O-isotope groups
- 4.2 Mg-Al isotopes
- 4.3 K, Ca, Ti, and Fe isotopes
- 4.4 54Cr-rich grains
- 5 Stellar origins of presolar oxide grains
- 5.1 An overview of relevant stellar processes and sites
- 5.2 Galactic chemical evolution
- 5.3 Origins of Group 1 and 2 presolar oxide grains
- 5.4 Origins of 18O-poor group 3 presolar oxide grains and the age of the galaxy
- 5.5 Origins of group 4, 18O-rich group 3, and 16O-rich presolar oxide grains
- 5.6 Origins of Group 1x presolar oxide grains
- 5.7 Origins of 54Cr-rich presolar oxide grains
- 6 Structure and compositions of presolar oxide grains
- 6.1 Al2O3 grains
- 6.2 Hibonite grains
- 6.3 Spinel
- 7 Summary and outlook
- References
- Chapter 6 Presolar silicates in the solar system
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Introduction and story of discovery
- 2 Analytical methods used to study presolar silicates
- 2.1 Nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS)
- 2.2 Auger electron spectroscopy (AES)
- 2.3 Dual-beam focused ion beam/scanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM)
- 2.4 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
- 2.5 New and future techniques
- 3 Stellar sources: Isotopic compositions
- 3.1 Oxygen isotopes
- 3.2 Other isotopes
- 4 Distribution and abundances of presolar silicates in the solar system
- 5 Elemental composition of presolar silicates
- 6 Mineralogical and microstructure of presolar silicates
- 7 Processing and secondary alteration
- 8 Conclusion and outlook
- References
- Part II: Stellar sources of presolar grains
- Chapter 7 Chemical element and dust production in AGB stars
- Abstract
- Keywords
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Observations of the chemical elements produced by AGB stars
- 2.1 Stellar spectroscopy versus stardust grains
- 3 Theoretical evolutionary models
- 3.1 Introductory considerations
- 3.2 Evolution prior to the TP-AGB
- 3.3 The TP-AGB phase
- 3.4 Theoretical modeling uncertainties
- 4 Low-mass AGB stars
- 4.1 Nucleosynthesis of the light- and intermediate-mass elements and comparison to the grain data
- 4.2 Slow neutron-capture nucleosynthesis
- 5 Intermediate-mass AGB stars
- 5.1 Hot bottom burning and its impact on the surface chemistry of intermediate-mass AGB stars
- 5.2 Comparison to stardust grain data
- 5.3 Super-AGB stars
- 6 Dust formation in the circumstellar envelopes of AGB stars
- 6.1 The properties of dust around AGB stars as seen via infrared observations
- 6.2 Theory of dust formation around AGB stars
- 6.3 Thermodynamic structure of the wind
- 6.4 Dust grains formation and growth
- 6.5 The dust production rate from AGB stars
- 6.6 Evolution of the dust production during the AGB phase
- 7 Summary, open problems, and future opportunities
- References
- Chapter 8 Supernova nucleosynthesis
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Thermodynamics
- 2.1 Chemical potential
- 2.2 Pressure
- 2.3 Entropy
- 3 Stellar evolution
- 4 Core-collapse supernovae and their nucleosynthesis
- 5 Thermonuclear supernovae and their nucleosynthesis
- 6 Conclusion
- References
- Chapter 9 Nucleosynthesis in classical novae
- Abstract
- Keywords
- 1 A primer on stellar explosions: Classical novae vs Type Ia supernovae and Type I X-ray bursts
- 2 The nova nuclear adagio
- 2.1 Nova nucleosynthesis
- 2.2 Novae and galactic chemical evolution: 13C, 15N, and 17O
- 2.3 γ-Ray emitters
- 2.4 12321 Nova models
- 2.5 Nuclear uncertainties
- 3 Presolar nova grains
- References
- Chapter 10 Presolar grains from novae and “born-again giants”
- Abstract
- Keywords
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Nova eruptions
- 2.1 The eruption
- 2.2 Abundances in the ejecta
- 2.3 The route to dust formation
- 2.4 The nature of the dust in novae
- 2.5 Summary
- 3 “Born-again” giants
- 3.1 The very late thermal pulse
- 3.2 Summary
- 4 The presolar connection
- 4.1 Novae
- 4.2 Born-again giants
- 5 Some speculative (and provocative) concluding remarks
- References
- Chapter 11 Mineral condensation in stellar outflows
- Abstract
- Keywords
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Elemental compositions
- 2.1 Ejecta of low- and intermediate-mass stars
- 2.2 Red giant branch (RGB) stars
- 2.3 Asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars
- 3 Condensation calculations
- 3.1 General considerations for condensation computations
- 3.2 Kinetic effects
- 3.3 Nucleation
- 3.4 Photochemistry
- 4 Condensates from stars on the red giant branch (RGB), asymptotic giant branch (AGB), and red supergiants (RSG)
- 4.1 Physical setting in circumstellar envelopes
- 4.2 Condensation for a solar gas
- 4.3 The effect of C/O ratio on condensates
- 4.4 Metallicity effects on C, TiC, and SiC condensation
- 4.5 Effects of increased N abundances on condensate stability
- 5 Grain formation in supernova ejecta
- 5.1 Elemental compositions in supernova ejecta
- 5.2 Dust grains from supernovae
- 5.3 Physical setting in supernova ejecta
- References
- Index
- No. of pages: 612
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: March 25, 2025
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Paperback ISBN: 9780128218303
- eBook ISBN: 9780128218310
SA
Sachiko Amari
Sachiko Amari obtained her PhD for the noble gas study in deep-sea sediments in 1986 from Kobe University in Japan. She started working on meteorites and presolar grains when she became a postdoctoral fellow at The University of Chicago in 1988. After moving to Washington University in St. Louis in 1990, she continued studying presolar grains as well as the processes and events occurring in the early solar system. She became Research Professor of Physics at Washington University in 2008. Her research interests revolve around the formation and the early history of the solar system and beyond. She uses secondary ion mass spectrometry to study presolar grains. She is also working on trying to identify the material and the trapping mechanisms of noble gases, which will give us insight into the processes that occurred in the early solar system.
Affiliations and expertise
Washington University in St Louis, USARead Presolar Grains in Extra-Terrestrial Materials on ScienceDirect