Precipitation Science

Measurement, Remote Sensing, Microphysics and Modeling

1st Edition - November 11, 2021
Editor: Silas Michaelides
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 9 7 3 - 6
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 9 3 7 - 8

Precipitation Science: Measurement, Remote Sensing, Microphysics and Modeling addresses the latest key concerns for researchers in precipitation science, mainly observing, measu… Read more

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Precipitation Science: Measurement, Remote Sensing, Microphysics and Modeling

addresses the latest key concerns for researchers in precipitation science, mainly observing, measuring, modeling and forecasting. Using case studies and global examples, the book demonstrates how researchers are addressing these issues using state-of-the-art methods and models to improve accuracy and output across the field. In the process, it covers such topics as discrepancies between models and observations, precipitation estimations, error assessment, droplet size distributions, and using data in forecasting and simulations. Other sections cover improved standard approaches, novel approaches, and coverage of a variety of topics such as climatology, data records, and more.

By providing comprehensive coverage of the most up-to-date approaches to understanding, modeling, and predicting precipitation, this book offers researchers in atmospheric science, hydrology and meteorology with a comprehensive resource for improving outcomes and advancing knowledge.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
List of contributors
Foreword
Preface
Related titles by Silas Michaelides
References
Credits
Part 1: Precipitation Measurement
Chapter 1. Accuracy assessment and intercomparison of precipitation measurement instruments
Abstract
Chaper Outline
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Precipitation measurement biases
1.3 Wind-induced bias of catching gauges
1.4 Intercomparison of precipitation measurement instruments
1.5 Concluding remarks
References
Chapter 2. Application of underwater passive acoustic measurements of ocean sound in precipitation estimation
Abstract
Chapter Outlines
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Passive aquatic listening technology, methods, and data collection
2.3 Acoustic data analysis
2.4 Acoustic precipitation analysis
2.5 Case studies
2.6 Concluding remarks
References
Chapter 3. Quality control and verification of precipitation observations, estimates, and forecasts
Abstract
Chapter Outline
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Quality control of observations from a rain gauge network
3.3 Quality control of weather radar data
3.4 Quality control of satellite observations
3.5 Quality control of multisource surface precipitation estimates
3.6 Methods of evaluating the skill of forecasts
3.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4. Insights on a global Extreme Rainfall Detection System
Abstract
Chapter Outline
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The Extreme Rainfall Detection System: input data
4.3 Extreme rainfall detection methodology
4.4 Case studies
4.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Part 2: Precipitation Remote Sensing
Chapter 5. Evaluation of high-resolution satellite precipitation data over the Mediterranean Region
Abstract
Chapter Outline
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Study area
5.3 Data and methodology
5.4 Results and discussion
5.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 6. Fundamental satellite precipitation data records
Abstract
Chapter Outline
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Satellite precipitation estimates
6.3 Satellite observational records
6.4 Precipitation climate data records
6.5 Key questions
6.6 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 7. The potential of using satellite-related precipitation data sources in arid regions
Abstract
Chapter Outline
7.1 Arid regions
7.2 Challenges of arid regions
7.3 The water cycle in arid regions
7.4 Storage
7.5 Water consumption
7.6 Satellite-based precipitation data sources
7.7 Performance of satellite-related precipitation estimations in an arid region
7.8 Concluding remarks
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 8. Monitoring precipitation from space: progress, challenges, and opportunities
Abstract
Chapter Outline
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Progress in satellite-based precipitation monitoring
8.3 Gaps, challenges, and opportunities
8.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 9. Satellite hail detection
Abstract
Chapter Outline
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Physical basis underpinning hail remote sensing
9.3 State-of-the-art satellite microwave methods for hail detection
9.4 Satellite observations: July 17, 2019 case study
9.5 Satellite climatology of hail: status, pitfalls, and ways forward
9.6 Conclusion and future perspectives
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 10. Development of a precipitation-retrieval scheme for cross-track passive microwave sounding instruments
Abstract
Chapter Outline
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Precipitation retrievals
10.3 Development of the Precipitation Retrieval and Profiling Scheme
10.4 Evaluation and validation
10.5 Future directions
References
Chapter 11. Evaluation of high-resolution satellite precipitation over the global oceans
Abstract
Chapter Outlines
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Datasets
11.3 Evaluation procedure
11.4 Discussion of evaluation results
11.5 OceanRAIN applications
11.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12. Recent advances and challenges in satellite-based snowfall detection and estimation
Abstract
Chapter Outline
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Spaceborne radars and snowfall
12.3 Passive microwave radiometry and snowfall
12.4 PMW snowfall retrieval techniques
12.5 Ground-based snowfall observations
12.6 Conclusion and recommendations
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 13. Errors and uncertainties associated with quasiglobal satellite precipitation products
Abstract
Chapter Outline
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Sensor errors and uncertainties
13.3 Retrieval scheme errors and uncertainties
13.4 Product errors and uncertainties
13.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 14. Performance assessment of merged multisatellite precipitation datasets over diverse climate and complex topography
Abstract
Chapter Outline
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Data and methodology
14.3 Performance assessment of satellite precipitation products across Pakistan
14.4 Merged precipitation datasets: advancements and imperfections
14.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Part 3: Precipitation Microphysics
Chapter 15. Melting of atmospheric ice particles
Abstract
Chapter Outlines
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Theoretical concept and quantitative description of atmospheric melting
15.3 Theory of hail melting in the 1950s
15.4 Requirements of laboratory experiments
15.5 Laboratory experiments on hailstones, graupel, ice crystals, and snowflakes
15.6 Summary and atmospheric implications
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 16. Variability of raindrop size distribution as characterized by the generalized gamma formulation
Abstract
Chapter Outline
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Generalized gamma distribution for DSDs
16.3 Data from the Greeley and Huntsville campaign
16.4 The stability of h(x)
16.5 Applications of the modal GG-fitted h(x)
16.6 Summary and conclusion
Acknowledgments
Appendix
Statistical inference
Model selection
SGG performance
References
Chapter 17. Rainfall microphysical characterization over the Mediterranean area during the GPM era
Abstract
Chapter Outline
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Data and instrumentation
17.3 Preliminary analysis: single- versus dual-frequency DPR comparison
17.4 DF- and SF-based rain and DSD parameters comparison at NSL
17.5 Validation of microphysical and integral DSD parameters
17.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 18. Cloud processes of the main precipitating systems over continental tropical regions
Abstract
Chapter Outline
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Brazil rainfall regimes and the CHUVA experiment overview
18.3 The ground-based reference precipitation datasets
18.4 Assessments, validation, and characterization of GPM rainfall retrievals
18.5 Cloud microphysical properties: results of an hydrometeor classification over the Amazonian region
18.6 Cloud properties and associated electrification features over Brazil
18.7 Contribution of the aerosol in the process of formation of precipitation
References
Chapter 19. “Moisture control” of the precipitation: a probabilistic perspective
Abstract
Chapter Outline
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Data description
19.3 Analysis methodology and probability theory
19.4 Results
19.5 Further discussions
Acknowledgments
References
Part 4: Precipitation Modeling
Chapter 20. Precipitation in Earth system models: advances and limitations
Abstract
Chapter Outline
20.1 Relevance of precipitation in climate models
20.2 Data sources and basic comparisons
20.3 Diurnal to seasonal variabilities
20.4 Interannual variability
20.5 Extreme events
20.6 Role of spatial resolution in climate models
20.7 Climate model tuning
20.8 Concluding remarks
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 21. Improvement of quantitative precipitation forecast at the short range through lightning data assimilation
Abstract
Chapter Outline
21.1 Introduction
21.2 Method
21.3 The application to two case studies
21.4 An application for a whole year
21.5 Sensitivity of the assimilation scheme to lower boundary formulation
21.6 The impact of forecasting time on the performance
21.7 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Appendix A
References
Chapter 22. Multiplatform hydrometeorological analysis of a flash flood event
Abstract
Chapter Outline
22.1 Introduction
22.2 Flash flood events in Greece
22.3 The integrated hydrometeorological system and remote sensing data
22.4 Methodological approach
22.5 Results and evaluation
22.6 Concluding remarks
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 23. Radar data assimilation in numerical weather prediction models
Abstract
Chapter Outline
23.1 Introduction
23.2 Radar data assimilation
23.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 24. Direct assimilation of radar reflectivity volumes in COSMO–LETKF
Abstract
Chapter Outline
24.1 Introduction
24.2 Numerical weather prediction model and data assimilation system
24.3 Open issues on the direct assimilation of radar reflectivity volumes
24.4 Impact of assimilating reflectivity volumes
References
Chapter 25. Enhancing data assimilation of GPM observations
Abstract
Chapter Outline
25.1 Introduction
25.2 The NICAM-LETKF system
25.3 NICAM-LETKF JAXA Research Analysis
25.4 Ensemble Forecast Sensitivity to Observations
25.5 Model parameter estimation by data assimilation
25.6 Summary
References
List of abbreviations
Index

Life Sciences

Physical Sciences & Engineering

Social Sciences & Humanities

Health

Precipitation Science

Measurement, Remote Sensing, Microphysics and Modeling

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Silas Michaelides