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Potato Physiology

1st Edition - December 9, 1985

Editor: Paul Li

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 4 4 8 5 - 8

Potato Physiology provides perspective and knowledge on the biological behavior and potentials of the potato plant. Organized into 15 chapters, this book focuses on tuber… Read more

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Potato Physiology provides perspective and knowledge on the biological behavior and potentials of the potato plant. Organized into 15 chapters, this book focuses on tuber development physiology, biochemistry, and anatomy. This text also covers topics on physiological and biochemical aspects of photosynthesis, photoassimilate partitioning, respiration, tuberization, as well as carbohydrate and protein metabolisms. It elucidates potato's rest period, the stage when growth is inhibited as a result of endogenous causes, and the tubers' disorders, environmental responses, frost hardiness, and tissue culture. This text provides a worldwide perspective and is organized and presented to be useful to graduate students, teachers, and potato investigators.

Contributors

Foreword

Preface

1. The Potato as a World Food Crop, with Special Reference to Developing Areas

I. Introduction

II. Potato Production and Use

III. Technology Needs of Developing Areas

IV. Summary and Conclusions

References

2. Photosynthesis and Photoassimilate Partitioning

I. Photosynthesis

II. Photoassimilate Partitioning

III. Conclusion

References

3. Potato Respiration: Electron Transport Pathways

I. Introduction

II. Respiration of Potato Tissues

III. Mitochondria

IV. Cyanide Resistance

V. Conclusions

References

4. Development and Structure of Tubers

I. Introduction

II. External Morphology

III. Early Tuber Development

IV. Tissues of Mature Tubers

V. Ergastic Substances

VI. Structure of Tubers Grown in Vitro

VII. Conclusions

References

5. Cuttings as Simplified Models of the Potato Plant

I. Introduction

II. Methodology and Interpretation of Results

III. Physiological Studies with Cuttings

IV. Cuttings as a Selection Tool for Breeding

V. In Vitro Cuttings

VI. Implications Concerning the Nature of the Hypothetical Tuberization Stimulus

VII. Implications for Yield Physiology

References

6. Interactions of Nitrogen Nutrition, Phytohormones, and Tuberization

I. Introduction

II. Tuber Initiation and Tuber Growth as Regulated by Nitrogen Nutrition

III. Conclusion

References

7. Tuber Initiation in Solanuaa Tuberosum: Effect of Phytohormones and Induced Changes in Nucleic Acid and Protein Metabolism

I. Introduction

II. Auxins

III. Kinins

IV. Coumarin

V. Miscellaneous Chemicals

VI. Inhibitors^Abscisic Acid (ABA)

VII. Nucleic Acid Changes

VIII. Enzyme Changes

IX. Inhibitors of Protein and Nucleic Acid Metabolism

X. Discussion

References

8. Molecular Approaches to the Study of the Major Tuber Proteins

I. Characterization of Patatin and Its mRNA

II. Regulation of Patatin under Normal Conditions

III. Induction of Patatin without the Morphology of Tuberization

IV. Regulation of Patatin Synthesis by Photoperiod and Gibberellic Acid

V. Conclusions

References

9. Carbohydrate Metabolism in Developing Potato Tubers

I. Introduction

II. Scope

III. Phloem Unloading and the Movement of Assimilate to Storage Cells

IV. Metabolism of Sucrose

V. Biosynthesis of Starch

VI. Tuberization of Stolon Tips and Development of Tubers

VII. Metabolism of Young Growing Tubers and the Effects of Exogenous and Environmental Factors

VIII. Regulation of Metabolism

IX. Conclusion

References

10. Potato Proteins

I. Introduction

II. Amino Acids in the Free Pool

III. Amino Acid Composition of Potato Protein

IV. Protein Fractions and Soluble Protein Relationships

V. The Nutritional Quality of Potato Protein

VI. Protein Yield and Starch Relationships

VII. Protein Changes during Tuber Development

VIII. Genetic Variability in Proteins Detected by Gel Electrophoreses

IX. Conclusion

References

11. Potato Rest

I. Introduction and Definition of the Term Rest

II. Duration of the Rest Period, and Methods to Break and to Induce Rest

III. Changes Other than Hormonal in the Potato Tuber during Rest and Cessation of Rest

IV. Changes in the Levels of Endogenous Hormones during the Rest Period and Effect of Exogenous Growth Substances on the Rest

V. Acidic Inhibitors as One of the Causes of Potato Rest

References

12. Physiological Disorders of Potato Tubers

I. Introduction

II. Major Physiological Disorders

III. Minor Physiological Disorders

IV. Concluding Remarks

References

13. Potato Frost Hardiness

I. Introduction

II. Frost Hardiness

III. Frost Hardiness in Relation to Anatomy Morphology, and Genotype Origin

IV. Concluding Remarks

References

14. Environmental Effects on Growth and Development of Potato Plants

I. Introduction

II. The Potato Plant and Its Potentiality to Environmental Responses

III. Effects of Natural Environments

IV. Effects of Controlled Environments

V. Conclusions

References

15. Potato Tissue Culture and its Applications in Agriculture

I. Types of in Vitro Potato Cultures

II. In Vitro Culture Applied to Seed Potato and Field Production

III. In Vitro Germ Plasm Preservation

IV. In Vitro Mutation Breeding

V. Closing Thoughts

References

Index