Plant Disturbance Ecology
The Process and the Response
- 2nd Edition - October 21, 2020
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Editors: Edward A. Johnson, Kiyoko Miyanishi
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 8 1 3 - 2
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 1 8 8 1 4 - 9
Disturbance ecology continues to be an active area of research, having undergone advances in many areas in recent years. One emerging direction is the increased coupling of ph… Read more
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Request a sales quoteDisturbance ecology continues to be an active area of research, having undergone advances in many areas in recent years. One emerging direction is the increased coupling of physical and ecological processes, in which disturbances are increasingly traced back to mechanisms that cause the disturbances themselves, such as earth surface processes, mesoscale, and larger meteorological processes, and the ecological effects of interest are increasingly physiological.
Plant Disturbance Ecology,
2nd Edition encourages movement away from the informal, conceptual approach traditionally used in defining natural disturbances and clearly presents how scientists can use a multitude of approaches in plant disturbance ecology. This edition includes nine revised chapters from the first edition, as well new, more comprehensive chapters on fire disturbance and beaver disturbance. Edited by leading experts in the field, Plant Disturbance Ecology, 2nd Edition is an essential resource for scientists interested in understanding plant disturbance and ecological processes.- Advances understanding of natural disturbances by combining geophysical and ecological processes
- Provides a framework for collaboration between geophysical scientists and ecologists studying natural disturbances
- Includes fully updated research with 5 new chapters and revision of 11 chapters from the first edition
Academics, graduate students, conservation biologists and land managers interested in plant disturbance ecology
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Contributors
- Preface of the first edition
- Preface of the second edition
- Chapter One: Disturbance and succession
- Abstract
- Introduction to the second edition
- Introduction to the first edition
- Disturbance as the nemesis of succession
- The chronosequence basis of succession
- Coupling disturbance and vegetation processes
- Conclusion
- Chapter Two: The turbulent wind in plant and forest canopies
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The structure of the atmospheric boundary layer over land
- Characteristics of turbulent flow in and above plant canopies
- Effects of topography and heterogeneity
- Implications of this velocity structure for canopy disturbance
- Summary
- Chapter Three: Thunderstorm downbursts: Windstorms and blowdowns
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Convective storms and downbursts
- Vertical equation of motion
- Climatology
- Downdrafts, mesocyclones, and outflows
- Microbursts
- Large-scale systems
- Examples
- Climate variability
- Summary
- Chapter Four: Wind disturbance in forests: The process of wind created gaps, tree overturning, and stem breakage
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Risk of wind damage
- Applied force
- Resistive force
- Direct consequences
- Subsequent impact of windthrow, stem breakage, and gap/patch formation
- Summary and conclusions
- Appendix
- Chapter Five: Meteorological conditions associated with ice storm damage to forests
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Synoptic conditions for freezing rain
- Climatology of freezing rain in Canada
- Meteorological evolution of Ice Storm ′98
- Brief description of synoptic evolution
- Role of North Atlantic Oscillation and El Niño–Southern Oscillation
- Possible changes in ice storm frequency under a warming climate
- Summary
- Chapter Six: The effect of icing events on the death and regeneration of North American trees
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The biomechanics of branch breakage during ice events with and without wind
- Ice measurements in the field
- A review of the literature on tree damage due to icing events
- The population consequences of major ice events
- Experimental icing
- Chapter Seven: Coastal dune succession and the reality of dune processes
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Traditional dune succession hypothesis
- Problems with the dune succession hypothesis
- Process-response alternative to traditional succession hypothesis
- Conclusion
- Chapter Eight: Fluvial geomorphic disturbances and life-history traits of riparian tree species
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Geomorphic classification of riparian zones and disturbance regimes in a catchment
- Disturbance, reliability of regeneration habitat and life history of dominant tree species
- Concluding remarks
- Chapter Nine: Water level changes in ponds and lakes: The hydrological processes
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Water balance
- Case study—Northern prairie wetlands and lakes
- Conclusions
- Chapter Ten: Development of post-disturbance vegetation in prairie wetlands
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Wet-dry cycles
- Marsh ecology research program
- Coenocline development: Same pre- and post-disturbance water levels
- Coenocline development: Different pre- and post-disturbance water levels
- Models of coenocline development
- Conclusions
- Chapter Eleven: Modeling fire effects on plants: From organs to ecosystems
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- History of fire behavior and effects research
- Fundamentals of combustion and heat transfer
- Modeling fire behavior
- Fire effects on plants
- Linking stem and crown injuries to whole plant functioning
- Scaling fire effects from individuals to ecosystems
- Conclusion
- Chapter Twelve: Insect defoliators as periodic disturbances in northern forest ecosystems
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Defoliating insects as a distinct class of forest disturbance
- The process of insect disturbance
- Population dynamics of foliage-grazers
- Conclusion
- Chapter Thirteen: Revisiting the relationship between spruce budworm outbreaks and forest dynamics over the Holocene in Eastern North America based on novel proxies
- Abstract
- Introduction
- History of spruce budworm outbreaks over the past 8000 years
- Variation in the temporal and spatial dynamics of outbreaks: Reflection on changes in forest structure as driven by fire and insect outbreaks
- Chapter Fourteen: Beaver as agents of plant disturbance
- Abstract
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Beaver
- Physical processes impacted by beaver
- Beaver disturbance impacts on individual plants, populations, and communities
- Effects of beaver ecosystem engineering activities on plant communities
- Beaver response to other disturbance agents
- Literature classification
- Conclusion
- Index
- Edition: 2
- Published: October 21, 2020
- No. of pages (Paperback): 562
- No. of pages (eBook): 562
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN: 9780128188132
- eBook ISBN: 9780128188149
EJ
Edward A. Johnson
Edward A. Johnson is a Professor of Biological Sciences Ecology & Evolutionary Biology at the University of Calgary, Canada and up until June 2018, he was also the Director of the Biogeoscience Institute. His research interests are wildfires, avalanches, hillslope and fluvial geomorphic processes, climate, landuse, and other processes as they affect tree populations. He is particularly interested in the explicit coupling of the physical processes to ecological processes. He has over 114 publications and 4,693 total citations.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor of Biological Sciences Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Calgary, CanadaKM
Kiyoko Miyanishi
Kiyoko Miyanishi is a Professor Emeritus at the University of Guelph, having retired in 2005. She has edited 2 books, written 11 book chapters and has over 30 publications and 1,200 citations.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor Emeritus, University of Guelph, Ontario, CanadaRead Plant Disturbance Ecology on ScienceDirect