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Pipeline Rules of Thumb Handbook
A Manual of Quick, Accurate Solutions to Everyday Pipeline Engineering Problems
- 9th Edition - September 2, 2022
- Authors: M.J. Kaiser, E.W. McAllister
- Language: English
- Paperback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 7 8 8 - 6
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 8 2 2 7 8 9 - 3
Pipeline Rules of Thumb Handbook: A Manual of Quick, Accurate Solutions to Everyday Pipeline Engineering Problems, Ninth Edition, the latest release in the series, serves as the "g… Read more
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Request a sales quotePipeline Rules of Thumb Handbook: A Manual of Quick, Accurate Solutions to Everyday Pipeline Engineering Problems, Ninth Edition, the latest release in the series, serves as the "go-to" source for all pipeline engineering answers. Updated with new data, graphs and chapters devoted to economics and the environment, this new edition delivers on new topics, including emissions, decommissioning, cost curves, and more while still maintaining the quick answer standard display of content and data that engineers have utilized throughout their careers. Glossaries are added per chapter for better learning tactics, along with additional storage tank and LNG fundamentals.
This book continues to be the high-quality, classic reference to help pipeline engineers solve their day-to-day problems.
- Contains new chapters that highlight costs, safety and environmental topics, including discussions on emissions
- Helps readers learn terminology, with updated glossaries in every chapter
- Includes renovated graphs and data tables throughout
Oil and gas pipeline engineers; project managers; field technicians; safety engineers; environmental engineers; estimating engineers
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- List of Contributors
- About the Authors
- Preface
- 1. General Information
- System Schematics
- Cables and Ropes
- How to designate and classify PE piping materials
- 2. Construction
- Right of Way
- Ditching and Trenching
- How engineers make pipe fit the ditch
- Welding
- Cross-country pipeline—vertical down electrode consumption, pounds of electrode per joint
- Directional Crossing
- Polyethylene Piping
- 3. Pipe Design
- Steel pipe design
- How to identify the series number of flanged fittings
- 4. Electrical Design
- Electrical design
- Hazardous locations
- NEMA enclosure types
- Size portable electric generators
- Typical wattages for tools and appliances
- Knockout dimensions
- National Electrical Code tables
- Electrical formulas
- Full-load currents–single-phase transformers
- Conduit size for combinations of cables with different outside diameters
- Minimum bending radius for insulated cables for permanent training during installation
- Full-load currents–three-phase transformers
- Motor controller sizes
- Voltage drop on circuits using 600V copper conductors in steel conduit
- Determine the most economical size for electric power conductors
- How to find the resistance and weight of copper wires
- What you should remember about electrical formulas
- How to calculate microwave hops on level ground
- Quick determination of hp per ampere for induction motors (3 phase) at different voltages
- Chart of electric motor horsepower for pumping units
- Pumping stations
- Floodlighting calculations
- Point-by-point method
- Beam-lumen design method
- Conductor size conversion chart—metric to AWG
- Commonly used switchgear device numbers
- Bonding the grounding system to building and structure foundations
- 5. Hydrostatic Testing
- History of gas pipeline pressure test requirements
- The benefits and limitations of hydrostatic testing
- Hydrostatic testing for pipelines
- Pressure testing and recordkeeping requirements – reconciling historical practices with new requirements
- 6. Pigging, Cleaning & Drying
- A brief history of pipeline pigging
- Pipeline dewatering, cleaning, and drying
- Moisture content of air
- Vacuum drying
- Pig trap design
- 7. Control Valves
- Control valve sizing formulas
- Sizing control valves for throughput
- Avoid cavitation in butterfly valves
- How to read a regulator flow curve
- 8. Corrosion and Coatings
- Types of corrosion and control methods
- Fundamentals of pipeline corrosion
- Estimate the pounds of sacrificial anode material required for offshore pipelines
- Advances in pipeline protection
- Estimate the number of squares of tape for pipe coating
- Minimizing shock hazards on pipelines near HVAC lines
- Pipeline external corrosion direct assessment process
- 9. Gas—General
- Know the gas laws
- How to calculate the specific gravity of natural gas
- Nomograph for calculating density and specific volume of gases and vapors
- Facts about methane and its behavior
- Conversion table for pure methane
- Glossary of common gas industry terms
- 10. Gas—Compression
- Compressor definitions
- Generalized compressibility factor
- Nomograph aids in diagnosing compressor cylinder ills
- Centrifugal compressor performance calculations
- 11. Gas—Hydraulics
- Gas pipeline hydraulics calculations
- Calculate the velocity of gas in a pipeline
- Nomograph for calculating Reynolds number for compressible flow friction factor for clean steel and wrought iron pipe
- 12. Liquids—General
- Determining the viscosity of crude
- Calculate viscosity of a blend
- Calculate specific gravity of a blend
- Nomograph for calculating viscosity of slurries
- Nomograph for calculating velocity of liquids in pipes
- Nomograph for calculating velocity of compressible fluids in pipes
- Nomograph for calculating velocity of liquids in pipes
- Carbon capture and sequestration processes
- CO2 pipeline infrastructure in the United States
- Effect of variability on CO2 pipeline operation
- 13. Liquids—Hydraulics
- Marine hose pressure loss
- Nomograph for calculating pressure drop of liquids in lines for turbulent flow
- Drag-reducing agents
- How to estimate the rate of liquid discharge from a pipe
- 14. Pumps
- Centrifugal pumps
- Centrifugal pump parameters and applications
- How to examine centrifugal pump systems
- Estimate the discharge of a centrifugal pump at various speeds
- Nomograph for determining specific speed of pumps
- Nomograph for determining horsepower requirement of pumps
- How to select motors for field-gathering pumps
- The basics of NPSH and pump operating regions
- 15. Measurement
- Multiphase flow meter
- Mass measurement light hydrocarbons
- Master meter proving orifice meters in dense phase ethylene
- Gas or vapor flow measurement—orifice plate flange taps
- Properties of gas and vapors
- Determine required orifice diameter for any required differential when the orifice and differential are known
- Matching the flow meter to the application
- Handling entrained gas
- Proving liquid ultrasonic flow meters for custody transfer measurement
- V-Cone® flow meter
- Sampling and testing program for unrefined petroleum-based products
- 16. Instrumentation
- Types of control systems
- Automatic tank gauging systems and proof testing
- Instrumentation and sensors for automatic tank gauging
- 17. Integrity Management
- Overview of leak detection technologies
- Inspection tools and case studies
- Factors to consider when evaluating damage on pipelines
- Understanding mechanical damage in pipelines
- Understanding stress corrosion cracking in pipelines
- When does a pipeline need revalidation?
- Modeling pipeline risk assessment
- A risk management tool for establishing budget priorities
- Floating roof failure modes and risk
- Floating roof tanks rainfall risk
- 18. Tanks
- Classification of storage tanks
- What is the difference between fixed and floating tank types?
- Tank styles and appurtenances
- Floating roof applications and components
- Summary of federal requirements for aboveground storage tanks
- Design and containment for atmospheric storage tanks
- Overview of petroleum storage tank standards
- Tank weight estimation tool using diameter as input variable
- How to estimate flow rate from a leaking tank hole
- Charts give vapor loss from internal floating-roof tanks
- Estimating the contents of horizontal cylindrical tanks
- Tank farm line sizing
- Managing oil movement and storage in tank farms
- Standard construction practices for LNG storage tanks
- Choosing the best containment for LNG storage
- A review of API 2350 overfill protection, 4th and 5th edition
- Manual tank gauging procedures
- How to apply vapor cloud analysis methodology to tank overfills
- Simplified procedure to calculate emissions for liquid organic storage tanks
- Calculating tank emissions with BREEZE TankESP
- 19. Economics
- Time Value of Money
- Decision and Evaluation Criteria
- Sensitivity Analysis
- Decision Tree Analysis
- Accounting Fundamentals
- 20. Cost
- Cost Estimation
- Onshore Construction
- Onshore FERC gas pipeline cost statistics in the United States, 2014–2019
- How to estimate onshore pipeline construction cost using unit costs?
- Offshore Construction
- U.S. Gulf of Mexico pipeline cost statistics, 1995–2019
- How to estimate shallow water pipeline construction cost bounds in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico using empirical data?
- Offshore Decommissioning
- Offshore pipeline decommissioning cost factors
- How to estimate the cost to decommission shallow water pipeline in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico?
- How to estimate deepwater umbilical, flowline, and riser decommissioning cost in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico?
- Typical workflows for offshore pipeline decommissioning
- Gas Compression Stations
- Scaling Rules
- Tariff Rates
- How to calculate firm service with fixed maximum daily quantity and reservation charge?
- How is the cost of service formula applied?
- How to compute price adjustments in pipeline system quality banks
- 21. Health, Safety and Environment
- Health
- Safety
- Crane and hoist safety
- Tank fire types and causes
- Firefighting protection systems for atmospheric storage tanks
- Carbon dioxide pipeline safety and integrity
- Environment
- Estimating oil spill thickness on water visually
- Fast discharge volume calculator for offshore leaking pipeline
- Guidelines on oil characterization to inform spill planning and decision making
- Oil spills inland response good practice guidelines
- Calculating volatile organic compounds flash emissions from crude oil and condensate tanks at oil and gas production sites
- 22. Specifications
- Pipeline Steel Specifications
- Main differences between API 5L PSL 1 and PSL 2 pipeline
- Pipeline Material Coating Specifications
- Fuel Specifications
- Transportation fuel specifications
- Pipeline Product Specifications
- 23. Conversion Factors
- Metric conversions—metric to English, English to metric
- Density conversions
- General liquid density nomograph
- Chart gives specific gravity/temperature relationship for petroleum oils
- Weight density and specific gravity of various liquids
- True vapor pressure of crude oil stocks with a Reid vapor pressure of 2–15 psi
- Low temperature vapor pressures for light hydrocarbons
- High temperature vapor pressures for light hydrocarbons
- Hydrocarbon gas viscosity
- Viscosity—equivalents of kinematic and Saybolt Universal Viscosity
- Viscosity–equivalents of kinematic and Saybolt Furol Viscosity at 122 °F and 210 °F
- Viscosity—general conversions
- ASTM standard viscosity temperature chart for liquid petroleum products
- Pressure conversion chart
- Energy conversion chart
- Flow conversion chart
- Petroleum fuels volume, weight and calorific value factors
- Crude oil approximate conversion factors
- Refined products approximate conversion factors
- Natural gas and LNG approximate conversion factors
- Units and calorific equivalents
- Weight of water per cubic foot at various temperatures
- Index
- No. of pages: 1220
- Language: English
- Edition: 9
- Published: September 2, 2022
- Imprint: Gulf Professional Publishing
- Paperback ISBN: 9780128227886
- eBook ISBN: 9780128227893
MK
M.J. Kaiser
Mark Kaiser is Marathon Professor and Director of the Research and Development Division at the Center for Energy Studies at Louisiana State University. His areas of expertise include cost estimation, decommissioning, fiscal systems, offshore infrastructure and service industries, refining, and regulatory modeling.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor and Director, Center for Energy Studies, Louisiana State University, USAEM
E.W. McAllister
E.W. McAllister has more than 50 years of experience in the pipeline industry as an engineer, administrator, and project manager. He has worked for Chevron Pipe Line Company and Gulf Pipe Line Company, and now runs his own engineering services consulting firm in Houston, TX, USA.
Affiliations and expertise
Advisor, Houston, TX, USARead Pipeline Rules of Thumb Handbook on ScienceDirect