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Pharmacogenomics
Challenges and Opportunities in Therapeutic Implementation
- 1st Edition - February 12, 2013
- Editors: Yui-Wing Francis Lam, Larisa H. Cavallari
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 3 9 1 9 1 8 - 2
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 1 2 - 3 9 8 3 0 3 - 9
Pharmacogenomics: Challenges and Opportunities in Therapeutic Implementation includes discussions and viewpoints from the academic, regulatory, pharmaceutical, clinical, soc… Read more
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Request a sales quotePharmacogenomics: Challenges and Opportunities in Therapeutic Implementation includes discussions and viewpoints from the academic, regulatory, pharmaceutical, clinical, socio-ethical and economic perspectives. Each chapter presents an overview of the potential or opportunity within the areas discussed and also outlines foreseeable challenges and limitations in moving pharmacogenomics into drug development and direct therapeutic applications. This edited book contains review questions for a more in-depth analysis of the implications of pharmacogenomics and discussion points to generate ideas on best to move the field forward. Clinical pearls and case studies are used to illustrate real-life experiences and both successful and unsuccessful applications. Tables, figures, and annotations are included throughout the book to facilitate understanding and further reference.
- Multi-contributed book and chapters are written by contributors who are experts in their field
- Provides perspectives from those involved in all aspects of pharmacogenomics—including academic, regulatory, economic, industry and medical—to illustrate how all of the pieces fit together and where the challenges may be
- Includes case studies of both successful and unsuccessful applications so readers can consider the potential and challenges in moving the science into drug development and direct therapeutic applications
- Chapters contain discussion questions and clinical pearls and enable readers to reflect on how to move pharmacogenomics forward and apply these observations and useful tips to their own work and research
This book is intended for scientists and clinicians interested in pharmacogenomics implementation in academic, research, medical and pharmaceutical industry settings. Relevant fields include pharmacology, pharmaceutical sciences, genetics, molecular biology and medicine. This book may also be used as a recommended textbook for pharmacy students and graduate-level students in health and pharmaceutical science programs.
Dedication
List of Contributors
Preface
Chapter 1. Principles of Pharmacogenomics: Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacodynamic, and Clinical Implications
Objectives
Introduction
Cytochrome P-450 Enzymes
Non-CYP-450 Drug Metabolizing Enzymes
Polymorphisms in Drug Transporter Genes
Drug Target Genes
Conclusion
Questions for Discussion
References
Chapter 2. Translating Pharmacogenomic Research to Therapeutic Potentials
Objectives
Introduction
Implementation of Biomarkers in Clinical Practice
Incorporating Pharmacogenomics into Drug Development
Conclusion
Questions for Discussion
References
Chapter 3. Governmental and Academic Efforts to Advance the Field of Pharmacogenomics
Objectives
Introduction
The Role of the National Institutes of Health
The Role of the Food and Drug Administration and Other International Government Agencies
Activities of Non-U.S. Agencies
Conclusion
Questions for Discussion
References
Chapter 4. Pharmacogenomics in Cancer Therapeutics
Objectives
Introduction
Role of Oncology Biomarkers
Concepts in Targeted Cancer Therapy
Oncology in the Postgenomic Era
Challenges in Drug Development and Cancer Trials
Seeking Pharmacogenomic Value
Questions for Discussion
References
Chapter 4A. A Look to the Future: Cancer Epigenetics
Learning Objectives
Introduction
Histone Modification
DNA Methylation
Noncoding RNA (ncRNA)
Conclusion
Questions for Discussion
References
Chapter 5. Pharmacogenetics in Cardiovascular Diseases
Objectives
Introduction
Pharmacogenomics of Antiplatelet Agents
Warfarin Pharmacogenomics
Other Genetic Contributions to Warfarin Dose Variability and Response
Trials and Tribulations of Pharmacogenomics of Agents Used to Treat Dyslipidemia
Pharmacogenomic Potential in Heart Failure
Genetic Influences of Drug-Induced Arrhythmia
Conclusion
Discussion Points
Discussion Questions
References
Chapter 5A. A Look to the Future: Cardiovascular Pharmacoepigenetics
Learning objectives
Introduction
Opportunities
Challenges
Conclusion
Questions for Discussion
References
Chapter 6. Pharmacogenomics in Psychiatric Disorders
Objectives
Introduction
Polymorphisms in Proteins that Affect Drug Concentrations
Polymorphisms in Proteins that Mediate Drug Response
Application of Pharmacogenomics in Psychiatry
Conclusion
Questions for Discussion
References
Chapter 6A. A Look to the Future: Epigenetics in Psychiatric Disorders and Treatment
Objectives
Nature and Nurture Both Contribute to the Etiologies of Psychiatric Disorders
Epigenetic Processes Are Likely to Contribute to the Biochemical Basis of “Nurture”
Epigenetic Dysfunction Has Been Linked to Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders
Epigenetic Processes May Be Critical to Treatment Response in Psychiatric Disorders
Epigenetic Variation of Genes Regulating Pharmacokinetic Processes Is Likely to Influence Treatment Response
Epigenetic Modifications of Drug Transporters
Epigenetics and Adverse Drug Reactions
Limitations of Epigenetic Biomarkers in Psychiatry
Conclusion
Questions for Discussion
References
Chapter 7. The Role of Pharmacogenomics in Diabetes, HIV Infection, and Pain Management
Objectives
Introduction
Diabetes Overview
Type 2 Diabetes Pharmacogenomics
Challenges and Opportunities of Pharmacogenomics in Diabetes
Pharmacogenomics and HIV
Pharmacogenomics and Pain Control
Conclusion
Questions for Discussion
References
Chapter 8. Molecular Approaches, Models, and Techniques in Pharmacogenomic Research and Development
Objectives
Introduction
Human Genetic Variation
Strategies in Pharmacogenomic Research and Development
Bioinformatic Resources for Pharmacogenomic Research and Development
Conclusion and Outlook
Acknowledgement
Questions for Discussion
References
Chapter 8A. Modeling the Pharmacogenetic Architecture of Drug Response
Objectives
Introduction
Genetic Mapping
Functional Genome-Wide Association Study
Discussion
Questions for Discussion
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 9. Study Designs in Clinical Pharmacogenetic and Pharmacogenomic Research
Objectives
Introduction
Clinical Study Designs to Discover and Confirm the Impact of Human Pharmacogenetic Variation
Conclusion and Perspectives
Questions for Discussion
References
Chapter 9A. Incorporating Pharmacogenomics in Drug Development: A Perspective from Industry
Objectives
Introduction
Pharmacogenomics in Different Phases of Drug Development
Drug Target Screening and Identification
Preclinical Animal Toxicology Studies
Phase I Studies
Phase II and III Studies
Phase IV Studies
Challenges in Applying Pharmacogenomics in Drug Development
Future Perspective
Discussion Questions
References
Chapter 10. The Importance of Ethnicity Definitions and Pharmacogenomics in Ethnobridging
Objectives
Introduction
Ethnicity
Ethnic Factors Affecting Drug Response
Acceptability of Foreign Clinical Data
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
References
Chapter 11. Beyond ELSIs: Where to from Here? From “Regulating” to Anticipating and Shaping the Innovation Trajectory in Personalized Medicine
Objectives
Pharmacogenetics: An Old Science that Stood the Test of Time
Pharmacogenomics: An Old Science Becomes Large-Scale and Global
Rethinking Bioethics in the Twenty-First Century
Beyond Classic ELSIs
An Invitation to Reflexive and Global Bioethics
Conclusion
Discussion Questions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 12. Pharmacoeconomics of Pharmacogenetics within the Context of General Health Technology Assessments
Objectives
Introduction
Criteria for Decision Making
Pharmacoeconomics/Health Economics within the HTA Context
Process
Conclusion
Questions for Discussion
References
Appendix: Case Study in the Netherlands
Appendix 1 References
Chapter 13. Integrating Genomics into Pharmacy Education and Practice: Pharmacogenomics Is Not Enough
Objectives
Introduction: The Case for Genomics
Technology as the Driver of Genomic Science
The Critical Gap in Pharmacy Education
Educational Competencies
Conclusion
Questions for Discussion
References
Color Plates
Index
- No. of pages: 510
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: February 12, 2013
- Imprint: Academic Press
- Hardback ISBN: 9780123919182
- eBook ISBN: 9780123983039
YL
Yui-Wing Francis Lam
Dr. Lam is Professor of Pharmacology at the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio (UTHSCSA). His editing experience included the first edition of Pharmacogenomics as well as being the lead editor of another published book entitled “Herbal Supplements – Drug Interactions. Scientific and Regulatory Perspectives”. He is also a co-author for a book chapter on pharmacogenetics in six consecutive editions of the textbook “Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach”. Dr. Lam designed and continues to direct a graduate course “Molecular and Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics” since 2002 for the UTHSCSA and the College of Pharmacy at the University of Texas at Austin. He has organized and participated in international and national symposia on topics related to personalized and molecular medicine, and is a scientific councilor for the Pacific Rim Association for Clinical Pharmacogenetics.
Affiliations and expertise
Professor of Pharmacology, Minnie Stevens Piper Professor (2018), James O’Burke Endowed Centennial, Fellow in Pharmacy, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USALC
Larisa H. Cavallari
Affiliations and expertise
PharmD, Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at ChicagoRead Pharmacogenomics on ScienceDirect