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Pediatric Liver Transplantation
A Clinical Guide
- 1st Edition - December 11, 2020
- Authors: Nedim Hadzic, Ulrich Baumann, Valérie MCLIN
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 6 3 6 7 1 - 1
Written and edited by global leaders in the field, Pediatric Liver Transplantation: A Clinical Guide covers all aspects of treatment and management regarding this multifaceted… Read more
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Request a sales quoteWritten and edited by global leaders in the field, Pediatric Liver Transplantation: A Clinical Guide covers all aspects of treatment and management regarding this multifaceted procedure and unique patient population. This practical reference offers detailed, focused guidance in a highly templated, easy-to-consult format, covering everything from pre-transplantation preparation to surgical techniques to post-operative complications.
- Provides an in-depth understanding of all aspects of pediatric liver transplantation, ideal for pediatric hepatologists, pediatric transplant surgeons, and others on the pediatric transplant team.
- Covers all surgical techniques in detail, including split graft, living related, auxiliary, and domino.
- Discusses pediatric liver transplantation consideration for an increasing number of additional metabolic, hematologic and renal conditions; breakthroughs in grafting and stem cell therapy; and techniques and present role of hepatocyte transplantation.
- Uses a quick-reference templated format; each chapter includes an overview, pathophysiology, conventional management, controversies, and bulleted summary of key take-aways.
- Includes state-of-the-art mini-reviews based on updated references and author experience throughout the text.
- Features a full-color design with numerous algorithms, figures, and radiological and histopathological photos.
- Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
Pediatric hepatologists, pediatric transplant surgeons
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Preface
- List of Contributors
- Section 1: Evolution of Transplantation Medicine
- 1: Brief History of Pediatric Liver Transplantation
- Abstract
- Principal Historical Milestones and Breakthroughs
- New Challenges
- Historical Milestones
- 2: What Is Different Between Pediatric and Adult Liver Transplantation?
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Pediatric Hepatology
- Organ Donation
- Liver Transplantation Procedure
- Post-transplantation Care and Complications
- Outcomes and Quality of Life
- Section 2: Setting for PLT
- 3: Health System Requirements for Pediatric Liver Transplantation
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Team
- Referral and Candidate Selection
- Waitlist
- Immediate Pre- and Post-transplant Period
- Long-Term Follow-Up
- Conclusion/Summary
- 4: Managing a Scarce Resource in Pediatric Liver Transplantation
- Abstract
- Introduction
- 5: Indications and Contraindications for Pediatric Liver Transplant
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Evolution
- Controversial Indications
- Relative and Absolute Contraindications
- Summary
- Section 3: Preparation for PLT
- 6: Preparation for Pediatric Liver Transplant: Medical Aspects
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Hepatology
- Nutrition
- Infectious disease
- Immunization
- Cardiology
- Pulmonary
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
- Neurological
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Other Systems
- Conclusion
- 7: Psychological/Social Aspects
- Abstract
- Illness Phase
- Transplant Phase
- Living Donor Liver Transplantation
- Transplantation Education
- Conclusion
- 8: Living Donor Liver Transplantation in Children
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Living Donor Selection and Workup
- Presurgical Evaluation of Recipients
- Surgical Technique
- Outcome
- Perspectives/Conclusion
- 9: ABO Incompatibility: Indications and Management
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Basic Pathophysiology and Pathological Findings
- Strategies to Overcome ABO Incompatibility in Liver Transplantation
- Procedures Aimed at B-Cell Depletion
- Procedures Resulting in the Inhibition of Antibody Production: Intravenous Immunoglobulins
- Procedures Eliminating Anti-A/B Antibodies
- Graft Local Infusion Therapy
- Perioperative Strategies in ABOi Liver Transplantation
- Summary
- Section 4: Combined Transplant Options
- 10: Liver and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Abstract
- Liver and Hemopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Achieving Immunological Tolerance
- Liver and Hemopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Primary Immune Deficiencies
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Aplastic Anemia After Liver Transplantation
- Controversial Indications for Liver and Hemopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Autoimmune Liver Disease
- 11: Combined Liver and Kidney Transplantation
- Indications
- Timing of Transplantation
- Surgical Considerations and Graft Selection
- Operative and Post-operative Medical Management
- Immunosuppression
- Transplantation Surveillance: Monitoring and Management
- Outcome
- Summary
- 12: Combined Transplantation Liver-Heart, Lung, and/or Pancreas
- Abstract
- 13: Combined Liver and Small Bowel Transplantation
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Indications
- Timing of Transplantation
- Surgical Considerations and Graft Selection
- Post-operative Management
- Intestinal Transplantation Surveillance: Monitoring and Management
- Results, Follow-Up, and Quality of Life
- Conclusion
- Section 5: Operation
- 14: The Transplant Procedure: Surgical Aspects and Techniques
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Historical Background
- Pediatric Liver Transplantation: Graft Types
- Operative Considerations
- Managing Surgical Complications
- Conclusion
- 15: Anesthetic Aspects
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Anesthesia Assessment for Potential Transplant Candidates
- Standard Anesthesia Technique
- Special Cases
- Conclusion
- 16: Post-Operative Care After Liver Transplantation
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Post-Operative Monitoring and General Management
- Post-Operative Analgesia
- Primary Non-Function of the Graft
- Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
- Post-Operative Vasoplegia
- Post-Operative Bacterial Sepsis and Septic Shock
- Section 6: Medical Management
- 17: Types of Rejection
- Abstract
- Immunological Mechanisms of Rejection
- The Liver as a “Privileged” Organ
- Immunoresponsiveness of Children
- Principles of the Diagnosis of Rejection
- Acute Cell-Mediated Rejection
- Chronic Rejection
- Antibody-Mediated Rejection
- Donor-Specific Antibodies Affecting Long-Term Outcome
- Monitoring for Donor-Specific Antibodies: Pre-Transplantation and Post-Transplantation
- Conclusion
- 18: Anti-rejection Strategies
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Induction of Anti-rejection
- Calcineurin Inhibitors
- Corticosteroids
- Other Drugs and Renal Sparing
- ABO-Incompatible Donor
- Retransplantation and Tailor-Made Approaches
- Steroid-Resistant Rejection
- New Strategies and the Future
- 19: Anti-infection Strategies
- Abstract
- Anti-infection Strategies
- Viruses
- Bacteria
- Fungi
- Conclusion
- Section 7: Early Postoperative Complications
- 20: Early Vascular Complications
- Abstract
- General Considerations
- Early Hepatic Artery Complications
- Early Portal Vein Complications
- Early Hepatic Vein Complications
- Anti-coagulation in Pediatric Liver Transplantation
- Hemorrhage
- Conclusions
- 21: Biliary Complications in Pediatric Liver Transplantation
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Risk Factors
- Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis
- Treatment
- 22: General Aspects of Early Management
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The Clavien-Dindo Classification
- Drain Losses After Liver Transplantation
- Small-for-size Syndrome
- Large-for-size Syndrome
- Calcineurin Inhibitor Metabolism
- Transplant-Acquired Disease
- Conclusion
- 23: Hematologic Complications After Liver Transplant
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Early Anemia
- Passenger Lymphocyte Syndrome
- Aplastic Anemia
- Autoimmune Cytopenias
- Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
- Summary
- 24: Role of Histology Following Pediatric Liver Transplantation
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Practical Considerations
- Histopathology of the Recipient Liver
- Post-Reperfusion Biopsies
- Technical Complications
- Immunological Complications
- Complications of Immunosuppression
- Late-Allograft Biopsies
- Section 8: Late Postoperative Complications
- 25: Surgical Complications
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Late Vascular Problems
- Unusual Causes of Surgical Abdominal Problems After a Transplantation
- Graft Remodeling
- 26: Recurrence of Disease After Liver Transplantation
- Abstract
- Autoimmune Liver Disease
- Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis Type 2
- Post-transplantation Complications of Specific Rare Conditions
- 27: Immunological and Other Late Complications
- Abstract
- Immune-Mediated Disorders
- Nonimmune-Mediated Complications of Chronic Immunosuppression
- 28: Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disease
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Pathogenesis
- Histopathological Classification
- Incidence and Risk Factors in Pediatric Liver Transplantation
- Diagnosis
- Treatment
- Prognosis
- Potential Complications and Long-Term Care
- Prevention and Early Detection of Post-transplant Lymphoproliferative Disease
- Special Considerations
- 29: Role of Radiology and Interventional Radiology After Pediatric Liver Transplantation
- Abstract
- Diagnosis of Complications: Role of Imaging Modalities
- Interventional Radiology for Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcome
- Conclusion
- 30: Role of Biomarkers in Monitoring Liver Allograft Function
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Graft Fibrosis
- Serological Markers
- Imaging Techniques
- Section 9: Complementary Clinical Options to PLT
- 31: Liver Assist Systems in Pediatric Liver Failure
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Indications for an Extracorporeal Liver Support System
- Artificial Liver Support
- Safety of Albumin Dialysis
- Efficacy of Albumin Dialysis in Pediatrics
- Efficacy of Plasmapheresis—Adult and Pediatric Data
- Bioartificial Liver Support
- 32: Cell Transplantation
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Hepatocyte Transplantation
- Stem and Progenitor Cell-Based Cell Transplantation
- Remaining Challenges and Conclusion
- 33: Gene Therapy
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Why Gene Therapy? What Is the Advantage Compared With Liver Transplantation? Pros and Cons for Liver Transplantation and Gene Therapy
- The Clinical Experience With Liver Gene Transfer
- Delivery Tools (Vectors) With Advantages and Disadvantages for Each
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Gene Therapy Approaches (Gene Repair, Gene Addition, Gene Editing, Homologous Recombination, Nucleases, Promotorless)
- Disease-Specific Aspects and Milestones
- Current Challenges of In Vivo Gene Transfer With Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors
- Conclusions
- Section 10: Chronic Management in Specific Indications
- 34: Biliary Atresia
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Kasai Portoenterostomy
- Liver Transplantation
- Considerations While Awaiting Liver Transplantation
- Technical Considerations for Transplantation in Biliary Atresia
- Long-Term Biliary Atresia Care
- Controversial Topics
- Future Considerations
- 35: Alagille Syndrome
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Growth and Nutrition
- Cardiac Involvement
- Renal Involvement
- Vascular Involvement
- Bleeding Risk
- Living Related Transplantation
- Liver Transplantation Outcomes
- Conclusion
- 36: Liver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure in Children
- Abstract
- Etiology of Pediatric Acute Liver Failure
- Diagnostic Procedures Necessary to Prepare for Liver Transplantation
- General Management Awaiting Liver Transplantation
- Disease-Specific Treatment
- Liver Support Devices
- Indication and Timing for Liver Transplantation
- Selection of Donors
- Contraindication to Liver Transplantation
- 37: Auxiliary Liver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure in Children
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Current Guide to Listing Criteria for Liver Transplant in Acute Liver Failure in Children
- Liver Regeneration
- Auxiliary Partial Orthotopic Liver Transplant
- History of Auxiliary Liver Transplantation
- Heterotopic Auxiliary Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure
- Auxiliary Liver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure: Early Results
- Patient Selection
- Recipient Selection
- Donor Selection
- Implantation Techniques
- Portal Flow Changes After Auxiliary Partial Orthotopic Liver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure
- Post-operative Management
- Complications
- Auxiliary Liver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure: Later Results
- King’s College Hospital Auxiliary Liver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure Outcomes
- Conclusions
- 38: Liver Transplantation for Liver Tumors in Children
- Introduction
- Hepatoblastoma
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- Sarcomas
- Vascular Tumors
- Histiocytic Disorders
- 39: Metabolic Conditions
- Abstract
- Category 1: Intrinsic Liver Disease With Defect Confined to the Liver
- Category 2: Intrinsic Liver Disease With an Extrahepatic Defect
- Category 3: No Intrinsic Liver Disease With Defect Confined to Liver
- Category 4: No Liver Disease and Extrahepatic Defect
- Domino Transplantation
- Living Donor Liver Transplantation
- Auxiliary Liver Transplantation
- 40: Liver Retransplantation
- Abstract
- Incidence and Indications—Early and Late Liver Retransplantation
- Contraindications for Pediatric Liver Retransplantation
- Further Considerations
- 41: Pediatric Liver Transplantation in Asia
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Liver Transplantation in Japan
- Pediatric Liver Transplantation in Other Asian Countries
- Perspectives in Asia
- Abbreviations
- 42: Pediatric Liver Transplantation in South America: Incidence and Indications
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Liver Transplantation and Liver Transplantation Centers in South America
- Liver Transplantation in Various South American Countries
- Indications for Liver Transplantation
- Conclusion
- Section 11: Long-Term Issues
- 43: Psychosocial Outcomes After Pediatric Liver Transplantation
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Assessment of Psychosocial Aspects After Pediatric Liver Transplantation
- Health-Related Quality of Life
- Mental Health
- Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
- School Performance
- Family Functioning
- Medication Adherence
- Transition to Adult Care
- Future Research Recommendations
- Conclusion
- 44: Chronic Graft Injury
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Natural History of Chronic Graft Injury
- Histological Patterns of Chronic Graft Injury
- Differential Diagnoses of Chronic Graft Injury
- Diagnostic and Surveillance of Chronic Graft Injury
- Chronic Graft Injury: Etiology Still Unclear?
- Therapeutic Approach
- Conclusion and Further Concepts
- 45: Prospects for Immune Tolerance
- Abstract
- Introduction
- The Liver and the Immune System
- Consequences for Clinical Practice
- Induction of Transplantation Tolerance
- Practical Considerations
- 46: Challenges for Young People With Liver Disease Including Transition to Adult Services
- Abstract
- Adolescent Development
- Challenges for Adolescents
- Multidisciplinary Support and Healthcare Provision for Young People
- Conclusion
- 47: Future of Liver Transplantation in Children
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Organ Donation
- Organ Preservation and the Advent of Machine Perfusion
- Surgical Techniques
- Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery
- Anatomical Models in Surgical Training
- Selection of Patients and Timing of Transplant
- Repopulating Livers After Transplantation
- Medical Management
- Immunosuppression
- Long-Term Survival and a Natural Life Span
- Equality of Access to Health Care
- The Long Term
- Index
- No. of pages: 512
- Language: English
- Edition: 1
- Published: December 11, 2020
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Hardback ISBN: 9780323636711
UB
Ulrich Baumann
Affiliations and expertise
Consultant Paediatric HepatologistRead Pediatric Liver Transplantation on ScienceDirect