Pediatric Allergy: Principles and Practice
Principles and Practice
- 4th Edition - October 19, 2020
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Editors: Donald Y. M. Leung, Cezmi A Akdis, Leonard B. Bacharier, Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles, Scott H Sicherer, Hugh A. Sampson
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 6 7 4 6 2 - 1
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 6 7 4 6 3 - 8
With complete, concise coverage of prevention, indications, diagnosis, and treatment, Pediatric Allergy, 4th Edition, is your go-to resource for current, clinically-focused content… Read more
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Request a sales quoteWith complete, concise coverage of prevention, indications, diagnosis, and treatment, Pediatric Allergy, 4th Edition, is your go-to resource for current, clinically-focused content in the rapidly changing field of allergies and immune-mediated diseases in children. This highly regarded reference fully covers immunology and origins of allergy, growth and development, pregnancy, infancy, and early, middle, and late childhood—all with a new, practical, clinical focus. You’ll find authoritative coverage of the full range of allergies in pediatric patients, from asthma and other common conditions to rare or uncommon allergies, providing a one-stop resource for clinicians across specialties who care for children.
- Focuses on the clinical application of science to the bedside, including clinical pearls discussing best practice approaches and guidelines.
- Integrates the latest research on the origins of allergy in early life, including pregnancy, the neonate, and infants.
- Includes new, evidence-based management guidelines for various diseases, including food allergy, atopic dermatitis, asthma and immunodeficiency.
- Provides new content on the prevention of allergies; asthma, eczema, and food allergies in young children; and extensive current guidelines and new therapies.
- Offers up-to-date information on key areas such as food challenges, skin testing, IgE diagnostic labs, immunotherapy, clinical immunology diagnostic testing, molecular diagnostics, and lung function testing.
- Highlights current guidance from a new team of leading experts with 150 anatomic schematics, clinical photos, and algorithms—many new to this edition.
- Covers gene therapy, stem-cell therapy, and a host of immunodeficiency diseases found in children with allergies.
- Discusses targeted biologics for severe allergic diseases, defects of innate immunity, rheumatic diseases of childhood, and inflammatory disorders.
- Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
Allergists, pediatric allergists, pediatricians, immunologists in training and practice; immunology and pediatric fellows
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Contributors
- Preface
- Section A. General Concepts
- 1. Epidemiology of Allergic Diseases
- Introduction
- Prevalence of Childhood Asthma and Allergies
- Time Trends in the Prevalence of Allergic Diseases
- Environmental Risk Factors for Allergic Diseases
- Gene-Environment Interactions
- Conclusions
- 2. Natural History of Allergic Diseases and Asthma
- Introduction
- Allergic March of Childhood
- Early Immune Development Underlying Allergies
- Transient Wheezers and Persistent Asthma in Childhood
- Asthma From Childhood to Adulthood
- Risk Factors for Persistent Asthma
- Asthma-Protective and Allergy-Protective Environments
- Atopic Dermatitis
- Allergic Rhinitis
- Anaphylaxis
- Allergy and Asthma Prevention
- Conclusions
- 3. The Genetics of Allergic Disease and Asthma
- Introduction
- Why Undertake Genetic Studies of Allergic Disease?
- Approaches to Genetic Studies of Complex Genetic Diseases
- Allergy and Asthma as Complex Genetic Diseases
- Phenotypes for Allergy and Allergic Disease: What Should We Measure?
- The Heritability of Atopic Disease: Are Atopy and Atopic Disease Heritable Conditions?
- Molecular Regulation of Atopy and Atopic Disease, I: Susceptibility Genes
- Molecular Regulation of Atopy and Atopic Disease, II: Disease-Modifying Genes
- Epigenetics and Allergic Disease
- Conclusions
- Section B. Immunologic Diseases
- 4. Approach to the Child With Recurrent Infections and Molecular Diagnosis
- Introduction
- Molecular Diagnosis
- Treatment and Outcomes
- Conclusions
- 5. Primary Antibody Deficiency
- Introduction
- Congenital Agammaglobulinemia
- Hyper–Immunoglobulin M Syndromes
- Common Variable Immunodeficiency
- Immunoglobulin G Subclass Deficiency and Specific Antibody Deficiency
- Selective Immunoglobulin A Deficiency
- Conclusions
- 6. T Cell Immunodeficiencies
- Introduction
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
- DiGeorge Syndrome
- Syndromes With Significant T Cell Deficiency
- Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome and Other Related Disorders
- Conclusions
- Helpful Websites
- 7. Complement Deficiencies
- Introduction
- Cascade Component Deficiencies
- Regulatory Component Deficiencies
- Secondary Complement Deficiencies
- Laboratory Assessment of Complement
- Conclusions
- 8. Defects of Innate Immunity
- Introduction
- Severe Congenital Neutropenia
- Cyclic Neutropenia/Cyclic Hematopoiesis
- Warts, Hypogammaglobulinemia, Infections, and Myelokathexis (WHIM) Syndrome
- Immune-Mediated Neutropenias
- Defects of Granule Formation and Content
- Neutrophil-Specific Granule Deficiency
- Defects of Oxidative Metabolism
- Myeloperoxidase Deficiency
- Mucocutaneous Candidiasis
- Conclusions
- 9. Congenital Immune Dysregulation Disorders
- Introduction
- Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy, Candidiasis, Ectodermal Dystrophy
- X-Linked Immune Dysregulation, Polyendocrinopathy, and Enteropathy
- STAT1 Gain-of-Function Disease
- Defects in Interleukin 2 Signaling
- Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome
- RAS-Associated Autoimmune Leukoproliferative Disorder
- Protein Kinase C Delta Deficiency
- Conclusions
- 10. Immunoglobulin Therapy
- Introduction
- Preparation of Intravenous Immunoglobulin
- Dosage
- Administration
- Side Effects
- Intravenous Immunoglobulin as an Immune-Modulating Agent in Patients With Autoimmune or Inflammatory Disorders
- Conclusions
- 11. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Therapies
- Introduction
- Severe Combined Immune Deficiency
- Transplantation for Other Severe Primary Immune Deficiencies
- Gene Therapy
- Section C. Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Disease
- 12. Diagnosis of Human Allergic Disease
- Introduction
- Immediate (Type 1) Hypersensitivity Response
- Allergens
- Diagnosis of Type 1 Hypersensitivity
- Management of Type 1 Hypersensitivity
- Conclusions
- 13. Outdoor Allergens
- Introduction
- General Principles of Allergen Aerobiology
- Representative Pollens
- Representative Fungi
- Meteorologic Variables
- Impact of Climate Change on Aeroallergens
- Conclusions
- 14. Indoor Allergens
- Introduction
- Allergen Structure and Function
- Clinical Significance of Indoor Allergens
- Evaluation of Allergen Exposure
- Monitoring Allergen Exposure as Part of Asthma Management
- Conclusions and Future Directions
- 15. Environmental Control
- Introduction
- Dust Mites
- Animal Allergens
- Cockroach Allergen
- Rodent Allergens
- Mold Allergens
- Indoor Air Pollution
- Outdoor Allergens
- Early-Life Allergen Exposure
- Conclusions
- Helpful Websites
- 16. Immunotherapy for Allergic Disease
- Introduction
- Principles of Immunotherapy
- Mechanisms of Action
- Specific Disease Indications
- Practical Considerations
- Future Directions
- Conclusions
- Section D. Upper Airway Disease
- 17. Allergic Rhinitis
- Introduction
- Epidemiology
- Pathophysiology
- Evaluation and Management
- Evaluation and Management
- Conclusions
- 18. Sinusitis
- Introduction
- Sinus Development in Childhood
- Clinical Definitions of Sinusitis
- Epidemiology and Health Burden
- Etiology
- Sinusitis Management
- Sinusitis Treatment
- Conclusions
- 19. Chronic Cough
- Chronic Cough in Children
- Pathophysiology
- Differential Diagnosis
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Recommendations
- Conclusions
- Section E. Asthma
- 20. Immunology of the Asthmatic Response
- Introduction
- Mechanisms of Allergic Inflammatory Response
- Adaptive Immune Responses: T Helper Cell Type 2 Cells and Cytokines
- Conclusions
- 21. Lung Function Testing in Children
- Introduction
- Spirometry
- Plethysmography
- Bronchial Provocation
- Conclusions
- 22. Infections and Asthma in Childhood
- Introduction
- Relationships Between Early Life Infections and Childhood Asthma Inception (Fig. 22.1)
- Infections and Acute Exacerbations of Asthma
- Mechanisms of Infection-Induced Wheezing Illnesses
- Treatment of Infection-Induced Wheezing and Asthma
- Use of Antibiotics in Asthma
- Conclusions
- 23. Special Considerations for Infants and Young Children
- Introduction
- Phenotypes of Wheezing in Young Children
- Predicting Who Is Likely to Develop Persistent Asthma
- Differential Diagnosis or Possible Confounders
- Diagnosis of Asthma in Young Children
- Management
- Management of Asthma Exacerbations in Young Children
- Conclusion
- Helpful Websites
- 24. Inner City Asthma: Strategies to Reduce Mortality and Morbidity
- Introduction
- Challenges to Asthma Management
- Factors Contributing to Morbidity in Inner Cities (Table 24.1)
- Interventions
- Community-Wide Asthma Coalitions
- Conclusions
- 25. Asthma in Older Children: Special Considerations
- Epidemiology and Etiology
- Natural History of Asthma
- Management of Exercise-Induced Asthma and Bronchoconstriction
- Management of Asthma Exacerbations
- Conclusions
- 26. Collaborating With Schools to Support Children With Asthma
- Introduction
- Impact of Asthma on School Performance
- The School Setting: Facilitators and Barriers of Asthma Management
- Essential Components of an Asthma-Friendly School
- Practical Tips for Providers to Support Asthma Management at School
- School-Based Asthma Programs
- Conclusions
- 27. Refractory Childhood Asthma: Assessment and Management
- Introduction
- Nomenclature
- Approach to the Child With Problematic Severe Asthma
- Summary and Conclusions
- 28. Promoting Adherence and Self-Management
- Adherence to Asthma Treatment
- Impact of Nonadherence
- Communication Strategies to Change Patient Behavior
- A Four-Step Communication Strategy for Changing Patient Behavior
- Conclusions
- 29. Strategies for the Primary Prevention of Asthma
- Introduction
- Primary Prevention and the Natural History of Asthma
- Asthma and the House Dust Mite
- Conclusions
- Section F. Food Allergy
- 30. Mucosal Immunology: An Overview
- Introduction
- Structure of the Gastrointestinal Associated Lymphoid Tissue
- Mechanisms of Antigen Sampling in the Intestinal Mucosa
- The Role of Intestinal Dendritic Cells and Macrophages in Oral Tolerance and Immunity
- Environmental Factors and the Regulation of the Mucosal Immunity
- Conclusions
- 31. Evaluation of Food Allergy
- Introduction
- Prevalence
- Immunoglobulin E–Mediated Symptoms
- Non–Immunoglobulin E Immune-Mediated Reactions to Food
- Nonimmunologic Reactions
- Psychological Reactions
- Evaluation
- Food Challenges
- Conclusions
- 32. Approach to Feeding Problems in the Infant and Young Child
- Introduction
- Feeding and Developmental Readiness
- Picky Eating Versus Problematic Feeding and Eating
- Food Allergy Impact on Feeding
- Why Do Feeding Problems Matter?
- Treatment Options
- 33. Enterocolitis, Proctocolitis, and Enteropathies
- Introduction
- Epidemiology
- Celiac Disease
- Differential Diagnosis
- Evaluation and Management
- Food Protein–Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome
- Conclusions
- 34. Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases
- Introduction
- Food Allergy or Hypersensitivity
- Conclusions
- 35. Management of Food Allergy
- Introduction
- Avoidance Diets: General
- Nutrition
- Common Allergen Elimination Diets of Early Childhood
- Conclusions
- 36. Prevention of Food Allergy
- Introduction
- The Importance and Timing of Early Intervention
- Vitamin D
- Modulation of the Maternal and Infant Microbiome
- Targeting and Individualizing Prevention Strategies: Considering Phenotypic, Environmental, and Genotypic Risk
- Conclusions and Future Directions
- 37. Immunotherapeutic Approaches to the Treatment of Food Allergy
- Introduction
- Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy
- “Next-Generation” Therapies for Food Allergy
- Probiotics
- Chinese Herbal Formulas
- Conclusions
- Section G. Allergic Skin Diseases
- 38. Evaluation and Management of Atopic Dermatitis
- Introduction
- Symptoms and Signs
- Differential Diagnosis
- Hydration and Skin Barrier Protective Measures
- Topical Antiinflammatory Therapy
- Education of Patients and Caregivers
- Wet Wrap Therapy
- Multidisciplinary Approach to Atopic Dermatitis
- Investigational or Unproven Therapy
- Interferon-Gamma
- Conclusions
- Helpful Websites
- 39. Urticaria and Angioedema
- Introduction
- Classification of Urticaria and Angioedema
- Acute Urticaria and Angioedema
- Chronic Urticaria and Angioedema
- Isolated Angioedema
- Conclusion
- Helpful Websites
- 40. Contact Dermatitis
- Introduction
- Epidemiology
- Pathogenesis
- Evaluation and Management
- Diagnosis of Contact Dermatitis
- Patch Testing
- Allergens of Particular Importance in Children
- Special Considerations
- Treatment and Prevention
- Conclusions
- Helpful Websites
- Section H. Other Allergic Diseases
- 41. Allergic and Immunologic Eye Disease
- Introduction
- Eye Anatomy, Histology, and Immune Function
- Differential Diagnosis
- History
- Eye Examination
- Allergic Disorders
- Immunologic Disorders
- Treatment
- New Directions and Future Developments45
- Conclusions
- 42. Drug Allergy
- Introduction
- Epidemiology: Prevalence, Manifestations, and Culprit Drugs
- Particular Aspects of Drug Allergy Workup in Children
- Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs
- Vaccines
- Multiple Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome
- Conclusions
- 43. Insect Sting Allergy
- Introduction
- The Insects
- Epidemiology and Etiology
- Classification of Reactions
- Natural History
- Diagnosis and Detection of Venom Specific Immunoglobulin E
- Therapy
- Prevention of Acute Systemic Sting Reaction
- 44. Anaphylaxis: Assessment and Management
- Introduction
- Epidemiology
- Patients at Increased Risk of Severe Anaphylaxis
- Pathologic Mechanisms in Anaphylaxis
- Triggers
- Diagnosis
- Treatment of the Acute Anaphylactic Episode
- Long-Term Management of Anaphylaxis
- Conclusions
- 45. Mast Cell Disease and Hypereosinophilic Diseases
- Introduction
- Mastocytosis
- Hypereosinophilic Diseases
- Index
- Edition: 4
- Published: October 19, 2020
- Imprint: Elsevier
- No. of pages: 574
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN: 9780323674621
- eBook ISBN: 9780323674638
DL
Donald Y. M. Leung
Affiliations and expertise
Head, Division of Pediatric Allergy/Immunology, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver CO, USA
Professor of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver CO, USACA
Cezmi A Akdis
Affiliations and expertise
Professor of Immunology, Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, Davos, SwitzerlandLB
Leonard B. Bacharier
Affiliations and expertise
Vanderbilt University, Doctors' Office TowerCC
Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles
Affiliations and expertise
Professor of Clinical Immunology and Pediatrics
Icahn School of Medicine
Mt Sinai Hospital
New York, New YorkSS
Scott H Sicherer
Scott H. Sicherer, M.D., is the Elliot and Roslyn Jaffe professor of allergy, immunology and pediatrics at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and the Director of the Jaffe Food Allergy Institute. He is Chief of the Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, and Medical Director of the Institution’s Clinical Research Unit. Sicherer received his medical degree from the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. He is board-certified in allergy and immunology and specializes in food allergies. His research interests include gastrointestinal manifestations, epidemiology, psychosocial and quality of life issues, diagnostics, prevention, genetics and treatments.
He has published over 275 articles and 75 book chapters in major pediatric and allergy textbooks and journals, and has been consistently recognized as among the top 1% of researchers in his field.
Affiliations and expertise
Clinical Professor of Pediatrics, Chief, Pediatrics Allergy and Immunology, Medical Director, General Clinical Research Center, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York NY, USAHS
Hugh A. Sampson
Hugh A Sampson, MD, is the Kurt Hirschhorn Professor of Pediatrics, the Dean for Translational Biomedical Sciences, PI and Director of Conduits; Institutes for Translational Sciences (CTSA), and the Director of the Jaffe Food Allergy Institute at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City. Dr. Sampson completed his allergy/immunology fellowship training at Duke University in 1980 and was a faculty member in the Division of Allergy/Immunology at Duke University and then Johns Hopkins University before coming to Mount Sinai. Dr. Sampson’s research interests have focused primarily on food allergic disorders including the immunopathogenic role of food hypersensitivity in atopic dermatitis and anaphylaxis, characterization of food allergens, and improved diagnostic tests and immunotherapeutic strategies for treating food allergies. Dr. Sampson is the PI of the NIH-sponsored Consortium on Food Allergy Research and an AADCRC program project conducting a number of clinical trials investigating novel therapies for the treatment of food allergy and investigating basic immunologic mechanisms associated with desensitization and the eventual development of tolerance. He has published over 400 articles and 60 book chapters on food allergic disorders and co-edited four books, and was elected to membership in the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies in 2003 for his research in food allergies. Dr. Sampson is past chairman of the Section on Allergy & Immunology of the American Academy of Pediatrics and the past-president of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology.
Affiliations and expertise
Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA