Patient Transport: Medical Critical Care
- 1st Edition - November 10, 2024
- Imprint: Elsevier
- Editors: Air & Transport Nurses Association (ASTNA), Allen Wolfe, Michael Frakes, Danny Nayman
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 0 6 0 0 - 2
- eBook ISBN:9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 0 6 2 6 - 2
An ideal companion to the award-winning Patient Transport: Principles & Practice, 6th Edition, this critical care transport text offers a unique focus on the critical care… Read more
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Request a sales quoteAn ideal companion to the award-winning Patient Transport: Principles & Practice, 6th Edition, this critical care transport text offers a unique focus on the critical care patient in transit, addressing the needs of flight and ground transport registered nurses, paramedics, and those preparing for certification exams such as CFRN®, CTRN®, FP-C©, and CCP-C®. Authored by the esteemed Air and Surface Transport Nurses Association (ASTNA), this comprehensive guide is backed by the expertise of a leading body representing transport nurses worldwide, making it an indispensable resource in the evolving landscape of critical care transport.
- Coverage of injuries commonly encountered in flight and ground nursing includes pathophysiology, assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation discussions
- Part I covers critical care medicine and Part II covers selected patient populations
- Meets the needs of all healthcare providers dedicated to expert care delivery in transport, including nurses, paramedics, physicians, respiratory therapists, pilots, mechanics, and communication specialists
- Real-life scenarios with updated technology demonstrate how to apply concepts to scenarios like those seen in practice
- Focus on the interprofessional and collaborative nature of transport emphasizes the importance of teamwork in ensuring successful patient outcomes
- Evolve companion website with 200 certification-style questions provides valuable exam review and practice
Flight nurses, flight nurses in training, nurses preparing for the Certified Flight Registered Nurse (CFRN) exam, nurses preparing for the Certified Transport Registered Nurse (CTRN), Paramedics, EMTs, Individuals preparing for the Certified Flight Paramedic (FP-C) exam and the Certified Critical Care Paramedic (CCP-C) exam
- Patient Transport : Medical Critical Care
- Cover image
- Title page
- Table of Contents
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Contributors
- Reviewers
- Foreword
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- List of Illustrations
- List of Tables
- Section I. Critical Care Medicine
- 1. Hematologic system
- Introduction
- Brief anatomy and physiology overview
- Red blood cells
- White blood cells
- Platelets
- Plasma
- Laboratory values
- Hemostasis
- Disorders
- Anemias
- Blood types and transfusions
- ABO compatibility
- Blood products
- Transport considerations
- References
- 2. Vascular system
- Introduction
- Hypertension
- Definition
- Pathophysiology
- Causes
- Acute treatment
- Acute blood pressure management
- Aortic dissection
- Definition
- Pathophysiology
- Classification
- Causes
- Patient presentation
- Acute treatment
- Abdominal aortic aneurysm
- Definition
- Pathophysiology
- Causes
- Patient presentation
- Acute treatment
- Peripheral vascular disease
- Definition
- Pathophysiology
- Causes
- Patient presentation
- Acute treatment
- Deep vein thrombosis
- Definition
- Pathophysiology
- Causes
- Patient presentation
- Complications
- Acute treatment
- Summary
- References
- 3. Renal failure
- Pathophysiology of the kidney
- Gross anatomy of the kidney
- Renal blood flow
- The nephron
- Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
- The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)
- Hormones and their renal interactions
- Acute renal failure (ARF)
- Prerenal ARF
- Intrarenal ARF
- Comparing prerenal and intrarenal
- Postrenal ARF
- Management of ARF
- Chronic renal failure
- Renal replacement therapy
- Diagnosis of chronic renal failure
- Signs and symptoms of chronic renal failure
- Treatment of chronic renal failure
- Renal failure and transport
- Metabolic acidosis
- Hyperkalemia
- Fluid overload
- Summary
- References
- 4. Psychiatric disorders
- Depression
- Anxiety
- Eating disorders
- Substance abuse disorders
- Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Attention deficit disorder
- Autism spectrum disorder
- Down syndrome
- Schizophrenia
- Delirium
- Overdose
- Suicide attempt
- Trauma-informed care
- References
- 5. Immunologic disorders
- Introduction
- HIV and AIDS
- Pathophysiology of HIV and AIDS
- Assessment of the HIV/AIDS patient
- Treatment and transport considerations
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) and SARS-CoV-2
- Pathophysiology of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS)
- Assessment of the MIS patient
- Treatment and transport considerations
- Anaphylaxis
- Pathophysiology of anaphylaxis
- Assessment of the anaphylactic patient
- Treatment and transport considerations
- Angioedema
- Pathophysiology of angioedema
- Assessment of angioedema
- Treatment and transport considerations
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
- Pathophysiology of SLE
- Assessment of the SLE patient
- Treatment and transport considerations
- Sarcoidosis
- Pathophysiology of sarcoidosis
- Assessment of the sarcoidosis patient
- Treatment and transport considerations
- Organ transplantation (lung, kidney, heart, lungs)
- Organ transplant physiology
- Assessment of the organ transplant patient
- Treatment and transport considerations
- Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
- Pathophysiology of SJS and TEN
- Assessment of the SJS and TEN patient
- Treatment and transport considerations
- Summary
- References
- 6. Ethics and wellness
- Introduction
- Ethics
- Moral philosophy
- Moral distress
- Moral courage
- Wellness
- Ways to mitigate stress
- Diet
- Exercise
- Laughter
- Verbalization of feelings
- Sleep
- Resiliency training
- Mindfulness
- Critical incident stress management (CISM)
- Summary
- References
- 7. Neurologic emergencies
- Introduction
- Neurologic anatomy and physiology
- Cellular structure
- Brain
- Blood–brain barrier
- Cerebral blood flow
- Cerebrospinal fluid
- Intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure
- Spinal cord
- Cranial nerves
- Neurologic examination
- Glasgow coma scale
- Mental status exam
- Motor/sensory exam
- Pupillary response and cranial nerves
- Vital signs
- Cushing’s triad
- Management of neurologic emergencies
- Increased intracranial pressure
- Encephalopathy
- Ischemic stroke
- Hemorrhagic stroke
- Seizure
- Guillain–Barré syndrome
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
- Cauda equina syndrome
- Decision-making in neurologic emergencies
- Summary
- References
- 8. Cardiovascular emergencies
- Introduction
- Alterations of cardiovascular physiology at high altitudes
- Special considerations for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the transport environment
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and defibrillation during transport
- Defibrillation during transport
- Temporary pacing during transport
- Transcutaneous pacing
- Transvenous pacing
- Targeted temperature management
- Acute coronary syndrome
- Pathophysiologic factors
- Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment
- Acute myocardial infarction
- Dysrhythmias
- Pathophysiologic factors
- Dysrhythmias originating in the sinoatrial node
- Dysrhythmias originating in atria
- Dysrhythmias originating in the atrioventricular node
- Dysrhythmias originating in ventricles
- Pulseless electrical activity and asystole
- Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators
- Cardiogenic shock
- Pathophysiologic factors
- Assessment and diagnosis
- Management
- Pharmacologic therapy
- Intra-aortic balloon pump counterpulsation
- Heart failure
- Definition and pathophysiologic factors
- Assessment and diagnosis
- Management
- Structural heart disease
- Acute pericarditis
- Assessment and diagnosis
- Management
- Infective endocarditis
- Patients at risk for infective endocarditis
- Assessment finding indicative of infective endocarditis
- Treatment for infective endocarditis
- Cardiac effusion and tamponade
- Pathophysiologic factors
- Assessment and diagnosis
- Management
- Hypertensive crisis
- Assessment and diagnosis
- Management
- Hemodynamic monitoring in cardiovascular assessment
- Cardiac output
- Invasive hemodynamic monitoring
- Selected invasive pressure monitoring technologies
- Less invasive hemodynamic monitoring
- Noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring
- Brugada syndrome
- Preexcitation syndromes
- Critical care transport of the cardiovascular patient
- Assessment
- Planning and intervention
- Evaluation
- Summary
- References
- 9. Mechanical circulatory support devices in transport
- Background
- Indications for ventricular assist device therapy
- The basics
- Device characteristics and designs
- Temporary devices for acute cardiogenic shock
- Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP)
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
- Impella heart pumps
- CentriMag acute circulatory support system
- Interfacility transport considerations and assessment of acute VADs
- Durable devices for refractory advanced heart failure
- Total artificial hearts
- Continuous flow devices
- Axial flow ventricular assist devices
- Centrifugal flow rotary pumps
- Interfacility or scene transport considerations and assessment of long-term VADs
- Historical context and future direction
- Historical perspective
- Future innovations
- Summary
- References
- Reference manuals
- 10. Pulmonary emergencies
- Anatomy and physiology
- Thoracic cage and musculature
- Airways, lungs, and vasculature
- Lung volumes and capacities
- Ventilation
- Oxygenation
- The oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve
- Ventilation–perfusion matching
- Monitoring
- Pulse oximetry
- End-tidal carbon dioxide
- Blood gases
- Electrocardiogram
- Oxygen and ventilation support
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Interventions
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
- Pathophysiology
- Assessment
- Interventions
- Hemoptysis
- Pathophysiology
- Interventions
- Pneumonia
- Pathophysiology
- Interventions
- Pleural effusion
- Pneumothorax
- Sickle cell crisis
- Etiology
- Pulmonary embolism and pulmonary hypertension
- Pulmonary embolism
- Interventions
- Pulmonary hypertension
- Pulmonary edema
- References
- 11. Abdominal emergencies
- Introduction
- Esophagus
- Esophageal obstruction
- Esophageal varices
- Esophageal rupture
- Stomach
- Acute gastric occurrences
- Gallbladder and biliary tract
- Liver
- Hepatitis
- Pancreas
- Intestines
- Abdominal compartment syndrome
- Abdominal aortic emergencies
- Summary
- References
- 12. Metabolic, endocrine, and electrolyte disturbances
- Introduction
- Endocrine system physiology
- Hypothalamus
- Pituitary
- Thyroid
- Parathyroid
- Adrenals
- Pancreas
- Endocrine and metabolic emergencies
- Hypoglycemia
- Hyperglycemia
- Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
- Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)
- Thyroid storm
- Myxedema coma
- Acute adrenal insufficiency
- Diabetes insipidus
- Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
- Select electrolyte disturbances
- Sodium
- Potassium
- Calcium
- Patient handoff and preparation for transport
- History
- Physical examination
- Monitoring
- Vascular access
- Radiography
- Laboratory data
- Medication administration
- Patient stabilization/planning and care during transport
- References
- 13. Infectious and communicable diseases
- Introduction
- Infection control and prevention
- Standard precautions: Vaccines and hand hygiene
- Personal protective equipment (PPE)
- Decontamination practices
- Precaution-based transports for communicable infectious diseases
- Vaccine-preventable infections
- Contact precaution transports
- Airborne precaution transports
- Special considerations for specific communicable infectious diseases
- Transport of noncommunicable infectious diseases
- Toxic shock syndrome
- Sepsis
- Summary
- References
- 14. Heat- and cold-related emergencies
- Introduction
- Epidemiology
- Methods of thermal exchange and loss
- Heat-related illness
- Pathophysiology of heat-related illness
- Intervention and treatment
- Management during transport
- Summary of heat-related illness
- Cold-related injury
- Classification
- Physiologic response to hypothermia
- Rewarming techniques
- Management during transport
- Special considerations
- Summary
- References
- 15. Toxicologic emergencies
- Introduction
- General management of the poisoned patient
- Pharmacologic properties of drugs
- Toxicity and treatment of poisoning by specific substances
- Acetylsalicylic acid
- Acetaminophen
- Anticholinergics
- Benzodiazepines
- Carbon monoxide
- Cardiotoxic medications
- Cyanide
- Ethanol
- Hallucinogens
- Organophosphates
- Sympathomimetics
- Toxic alcohols
- Snakebites
- Recognition of venomous bites
- Initial management of snakebites
- Transport care of patients with snakebite
- Summary
- References
- 16. Gynecologic and obstetric emergencies
- Determination of team composition for transport of the pregnant patient
- Normal physiologic changes in pregnancy
- Obstetrical assessment and preparation
- Continuous fetal heart rate assessment
- Complications of pregnancy and delivery
- Supine hypotension
- Diabetes in pregnancy
- Gestational hypertension
- Preeclampsia and eclampsia
- HELLP syndrome
- Fetal distress
- Preterm labor
- Placental abruption
- Placenta previa
- Postpartum hemorrhage
- Trauma in pregnancy
- Anaphylactic syndrome of pregnancy
- Normal and abnormal deliveries
- Multiple gestation
- Breech presentation
- Umbilical cord prolapse
- Shoulder dystocia
- Uterine rupture
- Resuscitative hysterotomy
- Gynecologic emergencies
- Ovarian torsion
- Ectopic pregnancy
- Summary
- References
- Section II. Selected Patient Populations
- 17. Care and transport of the newborn
- Fetal circulation and transition
- Initial priorities: Peripartum management
- Preparation for delivery
- Assessment
- Provide warmth
- Clearing the airway
- Initiation of breathing
- Positive-pressure ventilation and intubation
- Chest compressions
- Drug support
- Apgar scoring
- Special considerations for preterm/LBW babies
- Evaluation of prolonged resuscitation
- Noninitiation and discontinuation of resuscitation
- Postdelivery management
- History and assessment
- Glucose and maintenance fluids
- Inborn errors of metabolism
- Fluid management
- Thermoregulation
- Respiratory management: General considerations
- Respiratory support
- Blood pressure and perfusion
- Pathologic conditions of the neonate
- Respiratory disorders
- Persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn
- Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
- Neonatal heart disease
- Gastrointestinal disorders
- Neonatal infections
- Neurologic disorders
- Head trauma
- Developmental care
- Equipment
- Credentialling for advanced procedures
- Summary
- References
- 18. Care and transport of the pediatric patient
- Introduction
- A developmental approach to pediatric assessment
- Pediatric resuscitation
- Pediatric airway anatomy
- Pediatric airway management/respiratory distress
- Selected diagnoses and their effect on the pediatric population
- Asthma
- COVID-19
- Croup
- E-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury
- Epiglottitis
- Foreign body aspiration
- Bronchiolitis
- Pneumonia
- Pertussis
- Anaphylaxis
- Metabolic acidosis
- Endocrine and metabolic emergencies
- Hypoglycemia
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Hyponatremia
- Hypernatremia
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Heart disease
- Congenital heart disease
- Acquired heart disease
- Advanced trauma life support: ABCDEs of trauma care
- Pediatric trauma
- Physiologic and psychologic considerations
- Long-term effects of traumatic injury
- The primary survey
- Airway and cervical spine protection
- Breathing
- Selected traumatic injuries contributing to respiratory distress
- Circulation
- Physical examination
- Selected traumatic injuries that can lead to fluid or blood loss or circulatory compromise
- Disability
- Level of consciousness
- Pediatric traumatic brain injury
- Spinal cord injuries
- Exposure and environment
- Hypothermia
- Heatstroke
- Near-drowning
- The secondary survey
- Nonaccidental trauma or neglect
- Sexual abuse
- Shock and shock management
- Etiologies of shock
- Assessment and diagnosis
- Treatment of shock
- Damage control resuscitation
- Other pediatric medical and trauma conditions
- Seizures
- Concussive head injuries in children
- Pediatric dog bites and attacks
- Prehospital pain management in children
- Children with special needs
- Behavioral and mental health issues
- References
- 19. Care and transport of the geriatric patient
- Introduction
- Initial assessment of elderly patients – the ABCDEs
- Airway
- Breathing
- Circulation
- Disability
- Environment and exposure
- Effects of aging
- Cardiovascular
- Pulmonary
- Renal system
- Musculoskeletal system
- Immune system
- Metabolic and endocrine
- Frailty and deconditioning
- Specific effects of injury in the elderly
- Brain and spinal injuries
- Thoracic injuries
- Rib fractures
- Pulmonary injury
- Abdominal injury
- Pelvic and hip fractures
- Burn injury
- Medication therapy in the geriatric patient
- Nomenclature
- Mechanism of action, indications, and side effects
- Physiology and pharmacology
- Basic pharmacology
- Changes in physiology
- Linking the physiology to pharmacology
- Medication classes of concern
- Beers criteria
- Physical and mental abuse of the elderly
- Cases involving hospice, palliative care, and do not resuscitate orders
- Overview
- Utilizing EMS for palliative care and hospice patients
- Contribution of EMS in palliative care and collaboration
- Barriers to the provision of prehospital palliative care
- Identifying goals of care and treatment limitations
- Clinical care and communication
- Future directions
- Summary
- References
- 20. Care and transport of the bariatric patient
- Introduction
- General bariatric assessment
- Clinical assessment
- Primary assessment
- Key physiological considerations
- Pulmonary considerations
- Airway
- Airway assessment (prediction)
- Physical findings
- Environmental factors
- Pre-intubation support
- Advanced airway management and intubation
- Mechanical ventilation
- Pharmacology
- Diagnostics
- Transport operations
- Crew
- Bedside priorities
- Preparing to depart bedside
- Loading the patient in the transport vehicle
- Off-loading the patient from the transport vehicle
- Personal and environmental bias
- Summary
- References
- Index
- Edition: 1
- Published: November 10, 2024
- Imprint: Elsevier
- No. of pages: 384
- Language: English
- Hardback ISBN: 9780443106002
- eBook ISBN: 9780443106262
AW
Allen Wolfe
Senior Director of Education Allen Wolfe is a Clinical Nurse Specialist at Life Link III, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Affiliations and expertise
Senior Director of Education, Clinical Nurse Specialist, Life Link III, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USAMF
Michael Frakes
Michael Frakes is Chief Quality Officer and Director of Clinical Care at Boston MedFlight, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA.
Affiliations and expertise
Chief Quality Officer and Director of Clinical Care, Boston MedFlight, Bedford, Massachusetts, USADN
Danny Nayman
Danny Nayman is Vice President, Board of Directors, International College of Advanced Practice Paramedics, Washington, DC; Paramedic, Life Flight Duke University Hospital System, Durham, North Carolina; Product Manager, Patient Care, ZOLL Data Systems, Broomfield, Colorado, USA.
Affiliations and expertise
Vice President, Board of Directors, International College of Advanced Practice Paramedics, Washington, DC; Paramedic, Life Flight Duke University Hospital System, Durham, North Carolina; Product Manager, Patient Care, ZOLL Data Systems, Broomfield, Colorado, USA