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Particle Separation Techniques

Fundamentals, Instrumentation, and Selected Applications

1st Edition - July 22, 2022

Editor: Catia Contado

Paperback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 5 4 8 6 - 3

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 8 5 4 8 7 - 0

Particle Separation Techniques: Fundamentals, Instrumentation, and Selected Applications presents the latest research in the field of particle separation methods. This edited book… Read more

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Particle Separation Techniques: Fundamentals, Instrumentation, and Selected Applications presents the latest research in the field of particle separation methods. This edited book authored by subject specialists is logically organized in sections, grouping the separation techniques according to their preparative or analytical purposes and the particle type. Along with the traditional and classical separation methods suitable for micronic particles, an update survey of techniques appropriate for nanoparticle characterization is presented. This book fills the gap in the literature of particle suspension analysis of a synthetic but comprehensive manual, helping the reader to identify and apply selected techniques.It provides an overview of the techniques available to a reader who is not an expert on particle separation yet about to enter the field, design an experiment, or buy an instrument for his/her new lab.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
Contributors
Part I. Introduction
Chapter 1. Introduction
1. Why size matter?
2. Scope of the book
3. Structure of the book
4. Notation and terminology
Chapter 2. What is a particle, classification and properties
1. Particle definition
2. Particle classification
3. Particle properties
Chapter 3. Particle dispersions in liquid media
1. Introduction and overview
2. Dispersing principles and mechanisms
3. Particle stabilization
4. Case studies for the dispersion of nanoparticles
5. Conclusions
Chapter 4. Particle characterization: parameters and selected methods
1. Introduction
2. Parameter selection
3. Techniques
4. Conclusions
Part II. Preparative separations
Chapter 5. Membrane-based filtration technology
1. Introduction
2. Principle of membrane processes
3. Membrane materials
4. Applications of membrane
5. Conclusion
Chapter 6. Sedimentation
1. Introduction
2. Fundamentals
3. Detailed methods and protocols
4. Applications
5. Recent developments
6. Conclusions
Chapter 7. Electrophoresis and dielectrophoresis
1. Introduction
2. Fundamentals
3. Detailed methods/protocols
4. Literature review and recent developments
5. Worked examples and modeling
6. Summary and conclusion
Chapter 8. Magnetic separations
1. Scope
2. Size matters: magnetic nano-, microparticles, and biological cells
3. Emerging applications of magnetic separation in biomedicine and biotechnology
4. Elements of theory of magnetic microparticle separation
5. Magnetic microfluidic separator design considerations: bio-ferrograph
6. Cell magnetophoretic analysis by cell tracking velocimetry (CTV)
7. Conclusions
Chapter 9. Historical overview of flow cytometry and frontier applications
1. Background
2. Background and principles of cell sorting
3. Principles of the measurement and components of cell sorters
4. Fluorescence-based flow cytometry
5. Fundamental advances within modern cell sorting instrumentation
6. Is physical separation necessary to identify a population?
7. Small-particle analysis and separation
8. Spectral flow cytometry and spectral sorting
9. Analysis and sorting of microbes
10. Advanced analytical techniques
11. To sort or not to sort
12. Conclusion
Chapter 10. Affinity chromatography
1. Introduction
2. Support materials
3. Immobilization methods
4. Application and elution conditions
5. Applications of affinity chromatography
6. Summary
Chapter 11. Affinity separation on fibers and surfaces
1. Introduction
2. Membranes and fibers
3. Monoliths
4. Cryogels
5. Molecular imprinting for macromolecules separation
6. Affinity adsorption for blood purification by extracorporeal apheresis
7. Practical approach
8. Future perspectives
Part III. Analytical separations
Chapter 12. Production, role and use of reference materials for nanoparticle characterization
1. Definitions
2. Underpinning knowledge (fundamentals)
3. Applications
4. Sources of reference materials
5. Conclusions and outlook
Chapter 13. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC)
1. Introduction
2. Fundamentals
3. Analysis of macromolecules
4. Preparative size exclusion chromatography
5. Classification of nanoparticles by SEC
6. Summary
Chapter 14. Passive and active microfluidic separation methods
1. Introduction
2. Passive microfluidic techniques
3. Active microfluidic separation devices
4. Conclusions
Chapter 15. Inertial microfluidic techniques
1. Introduction
2. Hydrodynamic interactions
3. Inertial effect in laminar flows
4. Inertial effects as potential separation and characterization method
5. Configuration and inertial effect: orders of magnitude
6. Other parameters: finite Reynolds number and particle shape
7. Many particle flow and separation
8. Inertial effects: Orders of magnitude of lift forces
9. Microfluidic separations
10. Conclusions
Chapter 16. Analytical ultracentrifugation
1. Introduction
2. Instruments
3. Basic experimental types
4. Sedimentation velocity (SV) experiment
5. Density gradient experiment
6. Applications
7. Pros and cons
Chapter 17. Centrifugal liquid sedimentation methods
1. Definitions
2. Underpinning knowledge (fundamentals)
3. Methods and protocols
4. Applications
5. Summary and outlook
Chapter 18. Theoretical principles of field-flow fractionation and SPLITT fractionation
1. Introduction to field-flow fractionation
2. Theoretical aspects
3. FFF techniques
4. Introduction to SPLITT fractionation
5. Conclusions
Chapter 19. Field flow fractionation (FFF): practical and experimental aspects
1. Introduction
2. Techniques
3. Detector systems
4. Examples of applications
5. Conclusions
Chapter 20. Capillary electromigration techniques
1. Introduction
2. Capillary electromigration techniques
3. Nanomaterials
4. Bioparticles
5. Concluding remarks
Part IV. Present challenges
Chapter 21. Regulatory and technical challenges in the size characterization of nanoparticulate systems
1. Introduction
2. Challenges related to legislation
3. Technical challenges
4. Micro- and nanoplastics–new challenges for particle analytics in legislation and analytical science
5. Outlook
Index